Efficient solutions for municipal sludge drying
高效市政污泥干化方案
–
Experiences from Bekkelaget WWTP in Oslo
来自挪威奥斯陆Bekkelaget的经验
THERMAL PROCESSING EQUIPMENT
This presentation
 AB Torkapparater – thermal processing equipment/瑞典
Torkapparater 公司-热处理设备
 Our Sludge experiences/我们的污泥处理经验
 The Bekkelaget case/Bekkelaget 污水处理厂案例
– Background/案例背景
– Experiences/经验
– Economics/经济效益
 Our technology/我们的技术
 Conclusions/结论
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AB Torkapparater
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Established 1937 by Gustav Bojner/成立于1937年,创始人Gustav Bojner
Family owned since then/家族拥有
1000 reference projects worldwide/全球范围有1000个业绩
Customers: /用户包括
– originally: chemical, minerals, pulp&paper, food, etc/化工、矿山、造
纸、食品等
– today focus on: bioenergy, recycling, environmentally driven projects/
如今集中在生物能、再利用、环保等领域。
Main office in Stockholm, sales office in Gothenburg, Sweden/总部再瑞典
斯德哥尔摩并再Gothenburg有办事处
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Our business/我们的业务
”Our idea is to provide systems for thermal
processing (drying, heating, pyrolysis, cooling, etc) for
solids materials. Our systems shall offer outstanding
operability, environmental performance and energy
utilization to the lowest possible overall cost for our
customers”.
我们为固体颗粒的热处理提供系统.我们的系统提供
杰出的操作性、高能量使用效率并且对环境无害
以使用户的综合成本达到尽可能的最低限度。
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Our services/我们的服务
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Turn-key systems for drying, pyrolysis, cooling and other thermal
processing of solids materials./提供干化、高温分解、冷却以及其
它固体颗粒热处理的交钥匙系统。
– Speciality: rotary equipment with indirect and direct heat
transfer/特点:旋转式直接及间接热传递
– Experience from a wide spectrum of materials/具有处理多种
物料的的经验
Test-runs using three full scale equipment/使用三套全尺寸设备进
行测试运行
Process development and trouble-shooting using five pilot scale
equipment/使用5套小比例设备进行流程改良及故障排除
Service/现场服务
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Our sludge experience/污泥处理的经验
1950
Sludge dryer to Sandin Eng. Bureau/提供给Sandin Eng.
署的污泥干化器
1960-1970
Sludge burning kilns/污泥焚化炉: Lulea town, Lövsta
Sthlm, Pitea, Sickla strand, Umeå, Himmerfjarden
1973
Sludge dryer/污泥干化器 to Horsens, Denmark and
Hungary
1974
Patent: Producing active carbon from municipal sludge/
专利: 从市政污泥中制造活性碳
late 1970
3x Sludge dryer AArhus, Denmark
1993-2000
3x Dryer for municipal sludge: Himmerfjarden
(Stockholm), Inverurie (Scottland), Bekkelaget (Oslo)
2001
CTMP sludges (Rockhammar pulp mill)
2002
Vacuum drying – a variety of sludges from Pulp&Paper
industry/真空干化器-针对造纸工业不同种类的污泥
2003
Sludge dryer SCA Edet Bruk (paper mill)
+ numerous other test runs with various sludges/此外还有其它的测试经验不
再次列举
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Sludge burning in rotary kiln, ~1970
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Himmerfjarden WWTP, STOCKHOLM, Sweden
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WWTP* (250 000 p.e.)
Into operation 1993/从1993年
开始运行
Evaporation 1,8 t/h/蒸发量 1.8
吨每小时
Indirect dryer/间接式干化器
Recirculation of sludge/污泥再
循环
Hot-gas generator burns
biogas/沼气燃烧反应器
Heat recovered to process/热
能回收流程
Integrated destruction of
odorous gases/臭味消除系统
Product forms granules/产生形
状规整的颗粒
*WWTP= waste water treatment plant
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Bekkelaget WWTP, OSLO, Norway
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Installed in year 2000/于2000年安装
Customer requirements/用户的要求:
– Turn-key delivery/交钥匙工程
– Automatic operation/自动运行
– Thermophilic digestion (temp=55
deg C) calls for a high degree of
heat recovery at 80 degC/进行80
度的高温热回收以供在55度左右进
行的污泥消化
– No odour (smell)/无臭味
– Product easy to handle/处理后的
污泥便于处置
– Compact drying plant/结构紧凑
(WWTP built inside a mountain/污
水处理厂建在山体内)
Selection of drying technology/干化技术的
选择
 The Customer chose AB Torkapparater as the
only dryer supplier that could meet these
requirements
用户最终选择Torkapparater是因为我们是唯一能满
足所有要求的公司.
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Our technology and system/我们的技术及系
统
 Indirect dryer generates/间接法干化器具有:
– high degree of heat recovery /高温热回收
– closed system / no odour/封闭的无臭味系统
– automatic granulation (=ball formation)/自动造粒(球形)
 All gases have been deodorized before leaving
to the atmosphere/所有废气在排入大气之前都进
行除臭处理。
 Back-mixing of dried sludge (eliminates handling
problems at dryer inlet)/干污泥的反混 (消除了干
化器入口的污泥传送问题)
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Experience – start-up/经验-启动
 Most problems in the dryer are caused by
variations in the WWTP/大部分干化机的问题都是
由于来自污水处理厂的污泥性质不稳定所造成的。
 Important to achieve stable conditions in the
WWTP sludge treatment before starting the
dryer/重要的是在启动干化器之前保持前级污水处
理厂内污泥的稳定
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Experience – learning curve
经验–学习
 Important that the personnel have time to learn
and work with the dryer system/重要的是操作人
员必须花时间学习干化系统的知识
 The process is adaptable – problems can be
solved/流程具有适应性-问题可以被解决
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Experience – the situation today/如今的情况
+ Excellent availability/极好的使用性
+ Energy recovery as expected/达到预期的能量回
收
+ No odour problems/无任何臭味
+ Excellent product quality (~0,01% dust)/极好的产
品质量(约0.01%的粉尘)
+ Preemtive maintenance minimise down-time/很
少的维护降低了停产时间
 Further optimisation/进一步的优化:
capacityproduct quality/容量产品质量
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Excellent product quality
极好的产品质量
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Use of the dryed sludge/干化后污泥的使用
 Fertiliser/肥料
 Fuel to the cement industry/水泥工业的燃料及原
料
 Soil production for agriculture, forestry and golf
courses /农业,林业及高尔夫球场的土壤
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Experience – economics/经济效益
 The dryer saves net >1 milj SEK per year/干化器
每年净节省1百万瑞典克朗以上
 The main savings are reduced costs for
transportation and handling of the sludge/主要的
节省来自于污泥运送及处置的费用
 The main costs for the dryer is operation and
maintenance干化器主要的成本是运行及维护费用
(costs for personnel/人工费)
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Our scope for drying systems/我们能提供的
干化系统
Safety systems/安
全系统
Heat supply
供热
Heat
recovery/热
能回收
Dust handling/
除尘处理
Odour control/
异味控制
Control systems/
控制系统
Storing/储
存
Discharge
Dryer/干化器
Feed/ backmix/
进料/反混
出料
Recirculation
再循环
Dried
sludge/干
化后污泥
Wet
sludge/
湿污泥
Dewatering
脱水
Main process/主流程
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Handling of dried product/干化后污泥处置
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Process flowsheet – main components/流程图-主要
内容
Condenser/冷
凝器
Scrubber/洗
气装置
Burner/燃烧
器
gas
generator/气
体发生器
Cyclone/旋
风分离器
heatexchanger/热
交换器
Dryer/
干化器
sludge
feeding
system/污泥进
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Sieve/滤网
Stack/烟囱
silo for
dried
sludge/
干化污泥
料仓
Process flowsheet – media/流程图-介质
circ.
warm
water/
循环热
水
moist
vent
air/湿
通风空
气
cond.
dry
vent
air/干
通风空
气
cooling
water/冷却
水 Air/
空
biogas / (oil)/沼气
气
/燃油
cond./
冷凝水
gas generator/
气体发生器
stack
circ. hot
gases/循
环热气
vent
air/通风Air/空
气
wet sludge/湿
污泥
Dryer/干
化器
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recycled dry sludge/循环
干污泥
dry sludge/干污
泥
Process flowsheet – air loop/流程图-空气运
行路线
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Two types of indirect dryers/两种类型的间接
法干化器
• Hot gases, ~200600°C
•热气
material
feed
material/
入料
Discharge/出
料
• Steam, hot water,
thermal oil, etc/蒸汽
热水、导热油 等
feed
material/
入料
material
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Discharge/
出料
Indirect dryer, Bojner systems –
heat supply from hot gases/间接式干化器,Bojner系统-由热煤气
供热
hot gas supply/outlet/
热气 出口
hot gas supply/inlet/
热气 入口
humid ventilation
supply/inlet湿气通风
入口
humid ventilation
supply/outlet/湿气通
风出口
material feed/
进料
discharge
device
material outlet/
出料
N.B. both hot gas and ventilation flow can be either co-current or counter-current/热煤气及
湿气通风流向可自由调整
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Rotor design – material/sludge side
转鼓设计– 物料/污泥部分
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Rotor design – hot gas side
转鼓设计– 热气部分
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Hot gas heated indirect dryer/热气间接式加
热干化器
circulating
hot gas/循
环热气
hot gas
generator/
气体发生
器
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Indirect dryer – outlet duct/间接式干化器-出
口管路
vent air/
通风管
material
discharge/出
料
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Material feeding system/进料系统
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Band weigh at dryer inlet/干化器入口出的带
式称重装置
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Alternate feeding system/交替送料系统
inlet screw
conveyor/入口
螺旋输送机
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Alternate feedingsystem (cont.)/交替送料系
统
sludge
silo/污
泥仓
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back mixing of
dried sludge/干污
泥的反混
Inlet screw conveyor/入口螺旋输送机
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Robust drives and other mechanics
坚固的电机和其他机械装置
back-up
drive/备用
电机
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main drive/
主电机
Modern control system/现代化控制系统
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Safety systems/安全系统
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Heat exchanger (multi purpose)/热交换器
(多用途)
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Heat recovery equipment/热回收装置
Lamella plate
condenser/板
式冷凝器
Plate heat-exchanger e.g for
condensate cooling/板式热交
换器用于冷凝物的冷却
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Possible integration with combustion plant/
整合污泥焚烧
Destruction of
odorous gases/
异味去除
Biogas can provide
extra heat/沼气可以
提供额外的热量
Heat supply via hot
gases, steam, etc/通过
热气、蒸汽等供热
BOILER
/焚烧炉
Main fuel 主燃料
Water evap in the
dryer boosts boiler
capacity /由干化器产
生的水蒸汽增加了锅
炉内的压力
Condensate
Fuel/燃料
Fertilizer,
etc/肥料等
Hot water gen. up
to 80°C/最高达80
度的热水发生器
Wet sludge
Dry sludge/干
污泥
Controllable
product quality/
可控的产品质量
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湿污泥
SLUDGE
DRYER/污泥干
化器
Poss. Recycling/循环
流程
Other on-going projects – recycling of PVC/
正在实施的项目-PVC的循环使用
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On-going projects - drying of biomass正在
执行的项目-生化废料干化
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On-going projects - Drying of deinking
sludge/纸浆污泥干化
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SCA Edet Bruk
In op since 2003/从2003
开始运行
Evaporation ~1,5 t/h/蒸
发量为每小时1.5吨
Indirect dryer/间接式干化
器
No sludge recirculation/
无污泥循环
MP-steam?
Prod. district heating?
Dried sludge and
odorous gases burnt in
BFB boiler/干化污泥与臭
气一起在焚烧炉内被焚化
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Steam dryer – process scheme/蒸汽干化器方案
SCRUBBER/
洗气装置
CONDENSER/冷
凝器
Vent air/通风
空气
Humid vent air(湿
空气循环)
Sludge inlet/
污泥入口
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DRYER/干
化器
Sludge
outlet/污泥
出口
Steam/蒸
汽
Condensate/
冷凝物
Test runs in our own equipment/运行测试设
备
 several plants and aux. equipment available/具有几个工厂
及附属设施
 full-scale results/全尺寸的结果
 tests can be performed with short notice?
Steam drying at Luleå Energi
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Excellent heat recovery opportunities/杰出
的热能回收
Ventilation air dew point,
°C/通风空气的结露点
90%
80%
90
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
30/50
50/70
60/80
Various hot water system conditions/不同种类的热水系统 (return temp/ supply temp)(出水温度/供
Hetvattensystem (returtemp
/ framledn temp)
水温度)
(Indirect steam heated dryer. Heat recovery in condenser + scrubber)
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80
Steam drying entirely or partly for free/蒸
汽干化等于部分或全部免费
1 unit heat
in/1个单位
的热能输入
dried fuel
out/干燃油
输出
wet fuel in/
湿燃油输入
gives at least 0,75
units extra heat in
furnace/产生至少
0.75单位供焚烧炉使
用的热能
1,5 units
heat out/1.5单位
的热能输出
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G
0,75 units heat
are
recovered/0.75
单位的热能被
回收
possible
additional
power prod/可
能的额外的功
率输出
This presentation
 AB Torkapparater – thermal processing equipment/瑞典
Torkapparater 公司-热处理设备
 Our Sludge experiences/我们的污泥处理经验
 The Bekkelaget case/Bekkelaget 污水处理厂案例
– Background/案例背景
– Experiences/经验
– Economics/经济效益
 Our technology/我们的技术
 Conclusions/结论
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Conclusions 结论
 Indirect Drying 间接干化
 Safe and reliable sludge drying with high heat recovery
capabilities 具备高效热能回收并安全可靠的污泥干化技术
 Full scale plant available for product verification
全规模的工厂提供产品认证
 Digestion is advisable 与污泥消化相配套
 Digester – internal energy (biogas) production
消化装置为干化系统提供干化所需的（沼气）能源
 Internally recovered heat production for the digestion
干化系统内部回收的热能为消化池提供消化所需的热能
 Effective hygienization of the sludge prior to mechanical
dewatering
在机械脱水前的高效卫生处理
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