DG and EV Penetrations for
Future’s Smart Network in
Turkey
SITKI GUNER
Prof. Dr. AYDOGAN OZDEMIR
1
OUTLINE
• Introduction
• Smart Grid
• Distributed Generation
• Electric Vehicles
• Turkish Power System
• Suggestions
2
INTRODUCTION
• Electric power systems have been
evolving all over the world.
• Increased unit cost of fossil fuel energy
sources have brought the necessity of
restructuring electric power industry by
which energy sources would be used
efficiently and effectively.
3
INTRODUCTION
• At first, deregulated operation was first
approved in many countries, since
rigorous regulations had prevented
efficient utilization of energy resources.
• Later, open-access environment was
established where the consumers were
allowed to choose their electrical energy
providers.
4
INTRODUCTION
• Demand and supply of electrical energy
are more flexible then it was in the past.
This flexibility is expected to increase in
the future power systems.
• In this evolving process, Smart Grid,
Distributed Generation, and Electric
Vehicles are hot topics of the electric
power networks.
5
SMART GRID
• Smart Grid is a new type power network
which includes communication, advanced
metering and measurement infrastructures
as well as a complete decision support.
• It is the evolution of power networks.
• Smart grid is not created all at once. It
will evolve over many years from the
existing infrastructure through the
development and integration of intelligent
systems
6
Main Objectives of Smart Grid
Constituting more
Efficient
Secure
Reliable
Flexiable
Green
Economic
Power System
7
DISTRIBUTED GENERATION (DG)
• Smaller and environmental
friendly generators
• Connected to the
substation, distribution
feeder, or customer load
level
• < 10 MW
DG TECHNOLOGIES
• Diesel engine driven
generators
• Photovoltaic systems
• Wind turbines
• Fuel cells
• Micro, and small size hydro
turbines
DISTRIBUTED GENERATION
Advantages
 Reduce the transmission and
distributionloses,
 Used renewable energy
resources, environment
friendly,
 Shorter construction time
 Lower operational cost
Disadvantages
 Increased short circuit
power of the system,
 Protection problems for
bilateral power-flow
 Changing the structure of
the traditional distribution
system
 Intermittent and
unpredictable sources
(Solar, Wind etc.)
11
DG Operation Modes
• Combined heat and power systems,
•
• Standby power operations,
• Peak shaving applications,
• Grid support
• Islanding operations
12
ELECTRIC VEHICLES
13
TURKISH POWER SYSTEM
• Energy Market Regulatory Authority (EMRA) was
established in 2001.
• Installed capacity in Turkey is 62 GW
• %4 of installed capacity is DG.
• Some nuclear power plant projects and on-site
generation from renewable sources have
already started due to the fact that the basic
priority of Turkish Power System is supply
security.
14
TURKISH POWER SYSTEM
• In order to gain energy independency and to
provide healthy and sustainable growth, Turkey
must invest in national and renewable energy
sector.
• The extension of distributed and renewable
energy generation was the most important
attempt
for
shifting
generation
plant
construction from regulatory authorities to the
investors.
• Wind energy and solar power are the most
valuable renewable energy sources in Turkey.
15
DIFFICULTIES IN TURKISH
POWER SYSTEM
• When DG is integrated the grid, distribution
system should be evolved according to bilateral
and variable power-flow.
• Protection and switching devices should be recoordinated for bilateral power-flow.
• As increasing the number of integrating
renewable DG in distribution system, DGs
should be used for voltage and frequency
control.
• Northwestern part (Thrace region) suffers from
lack of wind and PV generations not only
because of source unavailability but also
because of land costs.
16
SUGGESTIONS
• Electrical vehicle car parking seems to be an
alternative DG source as in other metropolitan
cities.
• As of March 2014, 26 car parking lots are being
operated by ISPARK in BEDAS territory and 215
car parking lots have being planned to construct
in a five year period.
• One car park may serve as a temporary
generating unit of 1.2 MW along 2-3 hours.
• Parking lots will be more effective DG sources in
the future
17
SUGGESTIONS
• Such a capacity brings the usage of car parking
lots as a peak shaving DGs.
• EV parking lots can be used as cheaper and
more reliable sources than the power plants
having high installation costs.
• Uncertainty of the source can be decreased
using some incentives.
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THANK YOU TO LISTEN ME
QUESTIONS ???
19
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