Background and objectives of the
GHG inventories review under the
Effort Sharing Decision
(406/2009/EC)
12 December 2013
Eduardas Kazakevicius
CLIMA C.1
What's the ESD?
 The Effort Sharing Decision (ESD, 406/2009/EC) establishes binding annual greenhouse
gas (GHG) emission targets for Member States (MS) for the period 2013–2020.
 The ESD targets concern emissions from most sectors not included in the EU Emissions
Trading System (EU ETS), such as transport (except aviation and international maritime
shipping), buildings, small industry and services, agriculture and waste. Emissions from
land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF) are not included.
 The ESD currently covers about 60% of the EU GHG emissions (all 6 Kyoto gases: CO2,
CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs and SF6 ).
 The ESD targets for each year - Annual Emissions Allocations (AEAs) in tons of CO2
equivalent for each MS – were established after the 2012 review of GHG inventories and
are set by the Commission Decisions 2013/162/EU and 2013/634/EU.
More information: http://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/effort/index_en.htm
How Member State compliance will be checked?
 Due to lengthy statistics collecting process MS report their GHG emissions with 2 year
delay, i.e. inventories for the year 2013 will be first submitted in January 2015.
 From 2015 onwards each year the Commission will be comparing greenhouse gas
emissions with the AEAs to monitor MS compliance.
The ESD emissions = Total reviewed emissions – ETS verified emissions – Domestic
aviation emissions
 Total reviewed emissions will be established after reviewing MS annual greenhouse gas
inventories in a consistent, transparent and timely manner. ETS verified emission figures
will be taken from the EUTL registry.
 As 1 ton of CO2 eq. difference can make a MS non-compliant , establishing a precise
quantity of GHG emissions is very essential. Therefore the review process is an
important element of the ESD implementation.
What will be reviewed?
 National Inventory Submissions 2013:
http://unfccc.int/national_reports/annex_i_ghg_inventories/national_invent
ories_submissions/items/7383.php
GREENHOUS E GAS S OURCE AND S INK CATEGORIES
Total Energy
A. Fuel Combustion Activities (S ectoral Approach)
1. Energy Industries
a. Public Electricity and Heat Production
b. Petroleum Refining
c. M anufacture of Solid Fuels and Other Energy Industries
2. Manufacturing Industries and Construction
a. Iron and Steel
b. Non-Ferrous M etals
c. Chemicals
d. Pulp, Paper and Print
e. Food Processing, Beverages and Tobacco
f. Other (as specified in table 1.A(a) sheet 2)
Other non-specified
3. Transport
a. Civil Aviation
b. Road Transportation
c. Railways
d. Navigation
e. Other Transportation (as specified in table 1.A(a) sheet 3)
Pipeline transport
CO 2
60.830,19
60.597,01
13.861,09
10.492,24
2.768,08
600,77
14.827,78
5.752,05
242,48
1.263,66
2.035,38
861,40
4.672,81
4.672,81
21.523,38
61,83
20.908,97
148,08
11,34
393,16
393,16
N2O
CH4
22,17
10,71
0,43
0,41
IE,NO
0,02
0,71
0,09
0,01
0,09
0,15
0,02
0,36
0,36
0,64
0,00
0,61
0,01
0,00
0,01
0,01
2,23
2,23
0,38
0,36
0,02
0,00
0,50
0,05
0,00
0,02
0,08
0,00
0,34
0,34
0,69
0,00
0,63
0,05
0,00
0,00
0,00
NO X
(Gg)
173,95
173,95
13,58
11,06
0,90
1,63
32,28
4,32
0,21
1,30
5,06
0,78
20,61
20,61
106,56
0,21
103,56
1,66
0,06
1,06
1,06
CO
578,36
578,36
5,74
5,32
0,31
0,11
153,23
120,85
0,04
1,33
2,14
0,13
28,75
28,75
145,46
3,61
138,09
1,46
2,23
0,07
0,07
NMVOC
48,29
46,36
0,95
0,95
IE
0,01
2,44
0,27
0,00
0,22
0,25
0,01
1,69
1,69
13,03
0,13
12,37
0,25
0,27
0,00
0,00
S O2
17,18
16,94
2,96
2,52
0,44
NA
11,32
5,10
0,08
0,56
1,09
0,20
4,29
4,29
0,21
0,02
0,13
0,06
0,00
NA
NA
When the reviews will take place?
 In the years 2015 and 2017 – 2021 there will be annual reviews of GHG inventories
organized in 2 steps.
 The 1st step of annual reviews will commence on 15th of January and should be
completed by 15th of April of each year.
 The 2nd step for some MS will commence on 15th of April and should be completed by
30th of June.
 In the years 2016 and 2022 there will be comprehensive reviews.
 The comprehensive reviews will start on 15th of January and will be completed by 23rd of
August.
To have the review system running by 15th of January 2015 we need to meet the deadlines set
by the contract.
What institutions are involved in the review of GHG
inventories?
 The GHG inventory reviews will involve:
 DG CLIMA
 The EEA Review secretariat + EEA inventory team + EEA IT team
 ETC / ACM
 Technical expert review team (TERT)
 Representatives + GHG inventory experts of 28 MS
DG CLIMA has < 2 persons dealing with the ESD implementation full time therefore we
rely on technical expertise and resources of the EEA, as result both institutions are involved
in the project.
Why the Review Tool is needed?
 During the 2012 comprehensive review of inventories for setting the AEAs information
exchange was based on e-mails, but this extensive communication (> 1000 e-mail
exchanges) was challenging and resource intensive from all involved sides.
 We need an effective and user friendly communication tool to manage this information
flow during the future reviews.
And therefore we contracted Bilbomatica to develop a Review Tool!
What are the project objectives?
 develop and maintain an electronic information system, the Review Tool (RT) to
facilitate the future internal EU reviews of greenhouse gas emission inventories and assist
the management of the annual review process by ensuring a transparent and accurate
review process for Member States and the European Commission.
 assure reliable entry and cataloguing of review findings and questions identified in the
course of the review
 allow the communication of questions to Member States and record their replies.
The contractor shall develop the Review Tool within the operational IT environment of
the EEA.