ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor
ELEMENT
SOURCES
PREVENTION
REGULATIONS
TDMMU 407B
UNIT DESCRIPTOR:
This unit involves the skills and knowledge
required to ensure compliance with
international and Australian legislative
requirements and measures to ensure the
protection of the marine environment during
operations of an ocean-going vessel,
including preventive and precautionary
procedures, checking of compliance and
remedying non-compliance.
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Descriptor- page 1
ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor
ELEMENT
SOURCES
LICENSE / LEGISLATIVE REQUIREMENTS
The unit is consistent with the relevant
sections of State and Territory marine
regulations, NSCV, USL Code, STCW 95,
the IMO MARPOL Convention and
Marine Orders under the Australian
Navigation Act 1912, describing
requirements for prevention of pollution
of the environment.
Descriptor- page 2
PREVENTION
REGULATIONS
ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor
ELEMENT
SOURCES
PREVENTION
REGULATIONS
Elements describe the essential outcomes of a unit
of competency.
1.
Maintain compliance with legislative requirements for
protection of the marine environment.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Relevant regulations and procedures for the protection
of the marine environment procedures for the protection
are identified.
Appropriate action is taken in day-to-day work to ensure
compliance with relevant regulations and procedures for
the protection of the marine environment as required.
Appropriate action is taken where incidences of noncompliance or potential non-compliance are identified in
accordance with regulations and procedures.
Any breach of regulations and procedures concerning
protection of the marine environment is rectified and /or
reported as required within the limits of the officer’s
responsibility.
Element- page 2
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ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor
ELEMENT
SOURCES
PREVENTION
2. Implement anti-pollution procedures.
a. Anti-pollution procedures applicable to
vessel operations are followed in the course
of day-to-day work.
b. Appropriate preventative measures are
implemented to prevent pollution of the
marine environment in accordance with
regulations and procedures.
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Element- page 3
REGULATIONS
ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor
ELEMENT
SOURCES
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PREVENTION
REGULATIONS
ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor
ELEMENT
SOURCES
PREVENTION
3. Maintain documentation related to
legislative requirements for the protection
of the environment.
a.
Requirement for reports and other
documentation related to the
protection of the marine environment
and any breaches of relevant
regulations are identified and
interpreted as required.
b.
All required documentation related to
the protection of the marine
environment and any breaches of
environmental regulations is
completed in a accordance with
regulations and procedures.
Element- page 4
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REGULATIONS
ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor
ELEMENT
SOURCES
PREVENTION
Items and equipment checked as part
of anti-pollution measures include:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Pumps and valves.
Emission control equipment
Fuel management systems.
Water management equipment.
Waste storage and recycling
equipment.
6. Ballast management equipment
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Element- page 5
REGULATIONS
ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor
ELEMENT
SOURCES
PREVENTION
REGULATIONS
Preventative measures to protect the marine environment may include:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Prevention of spillage of cargo.
Prevention of spillage of fuel and oil.
Control of polluting emission of gas and smoke.
Policies and practices to minimise the spread and carriage of marine pests.
Effective management of waste pollution and recycling processes.
Effective management of ballast operations.
Shipboard housekeeping.
Measures to prevent runoff during slipping operations.
Pollution control instructions.
Element- page 6
ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor
ELEMENT
SOURCES
PREVENTION
MARPOL
Is an international convection for the prevention of
pollution from ships.
Sources of pollution
Annex (1): Prevention of pollution by OIL.
Annex (2): Control of pollution by noxious liquid
substances in bulk.
Annex (3): Prevention of pollution by harmful
substances carried by sea in packaged form.
Annex (4): Prevention of pollution by SEWAGE
from ships.
Annex (5): Prevention of pollution by GARBAGE
from ship.
Annex (6): Prevention of AIR pollution from
ships.
Sources-page 7
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REGULATIONS
ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor
ELEMENT
SOURCES
PREVENTION
OIL POLLUTION
•
•
•
•
•
•
Overflow during Bunkering.
Spillage during Bunkering.
Faulty bunkering connection.
Deliberate bilge water discharge.
Dumping of oily rags.
Dumping of partially empty oil barrels.
CHEMICAL POLLUTION
•
•
•
Dumping of used Chemicals.
Equipment with Chemicals thrown
overboard.
Pain, Thinner and other solvents.
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Sources – page 8
REGULATIONS
ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor
ELEMENT
SOURCES
PREVENTION
Pollution from SEWAGE
•
•
Toilet waste directly discharged.
Malfunction of the Sewage treatment plant.
Pollution from Garbage
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Food waste.
Dunnage.
Oily rags.
Engine room scrap.
Plastic waste.
Glass.
Steel.
Mooring ropes.
Sources page 9
Public domain image
REGULATIONS
ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor
ELEMENT
SOURCES
Pollution due to
Gasses
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Carbon Monoxide.
Carbon Dioxide.
Noxious Gasses.
Halogen Gasses.
Sewer Gasses.
Sulpher Dioxide.
Freon Gasses.
Image Wikimedia
Sources page 10
PREVENTION
REGULATIONS
ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor





ELEMENT
SOURCES
PREVENTION
METHODS OF PREVENTION
OIL – Oily Water Separator, discharge
monitor, keeping bilge discharge valve
locked in ports.
CHEMICALS – Strict control of the use
of chemicals and its discharge.
GARBAGE – Separate collecting
facilities, arranging shore reception
facilities and using INCINERATOR.
SEWAGE – Discharge only through the
Sewage Treatment Plant.
GAS – Proper Engine tuning and
control.
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Descriptor page 1
REGULATIONS
ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor
ELEMENT
SOURCES
PREVENTION
Summary of Discharge Standards for Ships
and small er vessels operating in Australian
waters: MARPOL and local requirements
MARPOL contains the terms “ from the Nearest
Land” which means from the baseline from which
the territorial sea of the territory in question is
established in accordance with international law,
except off the east coast off the north-eastern coast
of Australia where it is measured from a line drawn
around the outer edge of the Great Barrier Reef
Marine Park (GBRMP) and part of the Torres Strait
region. Within this area, generally no discharges are
allowed under MARPOL does not state distance
from the nearest land, certain discharges may be
undertaken. This area is also a recognised as a
Particularly Sensitive Sea Area designated the
International Maritime Organization.
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Regulations page 12
REGULATIONS
ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor
ELEMENT
SOURCES
PREVENTION
Different discharge standards apply in MARPOL
“Special Areas”. The text of the Convention
should be consulted if details are required. The
only Special Area in Australian waters is the
Antarctic Area being the sea area south of
latitude 60 degree S.
All ships and small vessels on international
voyages into Australian waters will be subject to
Australian Quarantine requirements and
therefore additional restrictions will apply,
particularly in relation to food waste and
biosecurity issues.
Regulations page 13
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REGULATIONS
ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor
ELEMENT
SOURCES
PREVENTION
REGULATIONS
TABLE 1 OIL MARPOLE Annex 1 – Applies to all
vessels.
Vessel/Voyage
type/Area
Sub-Category
Discharge Conditions
Oil tankers
vessel
Oily waste from cargo
tanks
• More than 50Nm from the nearest land,
and
• Tanker is proceeding en route; and
• Instantaneous rate of discharge <30
l/Nm; and
• Total quantity discharge does not exceed
1/15,000 or 1/30,000of the total cargo
(depending on the age of the vessel);
and
• Oil discharge monitoring and control
system and slop tank arrangement to be
operating.
Regulations page 14
All
ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor
All vessels >=400
gross tons
All vessels
Regulations page 15
SOURCES
ELEMENT
Machinery
space bilges
•
PREVENTION
REGULATIONS
Oil and oily mixtures retain onboard for on shore
disposal OR
• Proceeding en route; and
• Oil content less than 15ppm; and
• Oil discharge monitoring and control system and filtering
equipment to operating
Note: 15ppm discharges can be anywhere at sea (not within
port limits) including the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park and
Marine Protected Areas. Vessel must not be stationary when
undertaking discharge.
ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor
ELEMENT
SOURCES
PREVENTION
REGULATIONS
All vessels <400
gross tons
All waters
Machinery space bilges
• Oil and all oily mixtures retain onboard for on shore
disposal OR
• Proceeding en route; and
• Has in operation equipment of a design approved by the
administration that ensures oil content less than 15 ppm .
NOTE: 15 ppm discharges can be anywhere at sea (not within
port) including the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park and Marine
protected Areas.
Vessel must not be stationary when undertaking discharge.
Vessels
operating in
Great Barrier
Reef Marine
Park
Bunkering utilising ship
to ship transfers
• A permit is required from GBRMPA under which certain
conditions may be imposed.
Regulations page 16
ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor
ELEMENT
SOURCES
PREVENTION
REGULATIONS
TABLE 2 MARPOL Annex II Noxxious Liquid Substances and MARPOL Annex III Harmful
Package Substances
Vessel/Voyage
Type/Areas
SubCategory
Discharge Conditions
Chemical and Product
Tankers
Category X
Tanks to be prewashed before leaving unloading port, residues to be
pumped ashore until the concentration of the substance in the effluent
is 0.1% weight or less, as indicated by analysis of samples of the effluent
taken by AMSA marine surveyor. When the required concentration level
has been achieved, remaining tank washings to be discharged to the
reception facility until the tank is empty. Appropriate entries to be made
in the Cargo Record Book and endorsed by the AMSA marine Surveyor.
Any water subsequently added may be discharged if:
•
Ship is proceeding en route at a speed of at less 7knots; and
•
Discharge below the waterline; and
•
Ship is > 12 Nm from nearest land and depth of water is> 25m.
Regulations page 17
ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor
MARPOL Annex III
Harmful Package
Substances
Descriptor page 1
SOURCES
ELEMENT
PREVENTION
REGULATIONS
High-viscosity
or solidifying
category Y
Prewash in accordance with Convention, residues to be pumped ashore
until tank is empty. Any water subsequently added may b discharged if:
• Ship is proceeding en route at a speed of at least 7 knots; and
• Discharge below the waterline; and
• Ship is > 12 Nm from nearest land and depth of water is >25m
Category Y
Category Z
•
•
•
Vessels
carrying
Harmful
Packaged
Substances
Labeling
requirements
•
•
Ship is proceeding en route at a speed of at least 7 knots ; and
Concentration of substance in water of ship < 1 ppm; and
Amount not to exceed 1m3 or 1/3,000 of tank capacity, whichever is
greater; and
Discharge below the waterline; and
Ship is > 12 Nm from nearest land and depth of water is >25m.
•
Jettisoning prohibited.
ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor
SOURCES
ELEMENT
PREVENTION
REGULATIONS
TABLE 3 MARPOL Annex IV - SEWAGE
Vessels/Voyage
type/Area
Sub-Category
Discharge Conditions
Vessels on
international
voyages
Comminuted and
disinfected sewage using
an approved system
•
Vessels on
international
voyages
Sewage stored in holding
tank( treated and
untreated sewage ).
• >12 Nm from nearest land; and
• Discharged at a moderate rate*; and
• Ship proceeding en route at speed of at least 4 knots.
* The rate of discharge must be approved by the Administration.
Vessel on
International
voyages
Treated sewage effluent
discharged through an IMO
approved Sewage
Treatment plant (STP) .
Also integrated system
where the STP includes
• Grey water input
• Food processing input.
•
Descriptor page 1
•
•
•
>3Nm from nearest land
Effluent not to produce visible floating solids nor cause
discoloration of the surrounding water.
When within port limits, check with port authority as
permission may be required.
All vessel should ensure that the STP is operating at optimum
performance when in Australian waters.
Food or biological waste removed from filtration unit is
prohibited from discharge within 12Nm from land(Australian
Quarantine requirements)
ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor
SOURCES
ELEMENT
Vessel on domestic
voyages (all sizes)
PREVENTION
•
•
Recommended to comply with MARPOL Annex IV
Local laws may prohibit discharges in port.
REGULATIONS
Great Barrier Reef
Marine Park Vessels on
International voyages
to and continuing in
Australian waters
All sewage discharges
•
In accordance with Annex IV requirements and where applicable with
any additional restrictions imposed as conditions of a GBRMP permit.
Great Barrier reef
Marine Park Vessels on
domestic voyages.
All sewage discharges
•
•
Recommended to comply with MARPOL Annex IV
Or In accordance with requirements of part 3A of the GBRMP
Regulations (93A-93B) for both treated and untreated Sewage
Queensland State
Waters (small
vessels/State registered
and recreational)
If vessel does not have a
sewage treatment system
on board, options include:
•
Using onshore toilet
facilities wherever
possible.
•
Using a portable toilet
to be later emptied to
a sewerage/septic
system.
•
Retain sewage in
onboard holding tank
for pumping out to
shore facilities.
•
If a vessel has 16 or more persons on board, no discharge of untreated
sewage is permitted anywhere in Queensland waters.
If a vessel has 7 to 15 persons onboard, no discharge of untreated
sewage is permitted within 1 Nm (1852m) of a reef or the mean low
water mark of an island or the mainland.
Regulations page 20
•
ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor
ELEMENT
TABLE 4 : MARPOL Annex V -
SOURCES
PREVENTION
REGULATIONS
GARBAGE - Apply to all vessels
Vessel/Voyage
Type/Areas
Sub-Category
Discharge Conditions
All vessels
Mixed garbage with different discharge
requirements.
( eg: Food waste mixed with plastic prohibited).
•
The most stringent requirement applies.
•
Prohibited.
All vessels
All vessels
All vessels
Plastics
This includes synthetic ropes, synthetic fishing
nets, plastic garbage bags and incinerator ashes
from plastic products, cigarette filters.
Fiberglass/laminated structures piping,
insulation, carpets, paints and finishes, electrical
components, sheeting, floats fishing nets
strapping band rope and line.
Regulations page 21
ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor
All vessels within
the nearest Land
(MARPOL definition)
All Vessels when
alongside or within
500metre of a fixed
or floating platform
that is located more
than 12 Nm from
Nearest Land.
ELEMENT
SOURCES
PREVENTION
All garbage types ( including food waste) within the GBRMP and part
of the Torres Strait (see MARPOL definition of “from the nearest
land” ) ( Note: exception for small amounts of food waste associated
with tourist and fishing activities. See Annex V Guidelines)
All garbage type
( except food waste passed through a communiter or grinder).
REGULATIONS
•
Prohibited.
•
Prohibited.
•
>25 Nm from nearest land.
All vessels
All waters
Dunnage, lining and packing materials which will float ( eg: pallets,
cardboard, plywood).
All vessels
All waters
Food waste and all other garbage. This includes domestic waste,
cargo residues, maintenance and operational waste and incinerator
ashes (except from plastic products, soot machinery deposits,
scraped paint, deck sweeping, etc. This category includes cargo hold
washing water.
•
>12 Nm from nearest land
All vessels
All waters
Garbage that has been ground or comminuted to particles <25 mm
•
>3 Nm from nearest land.
All vessels
Grey water (from showers, laundry, dishwasher) and swimming /spa
pool waters.
•
•
Discharge allowed at sea .
When in port, check with port
authority as permission may be
required.
Regulations page 22
ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor
Vessels at anchorages or
stationary while waiting for a
berth.
All waters
ELEMENT
SOURCES
Food waste and other
garbage.
Bulk Cargo vessels operating
within the 12 Nm from
nearest land limitation
(including the GBRMP)
Wash down of cargo residues
on deck areas.
Entry should be recorded in
the Garbage Record Book
(item 4.1 (d) for verification
of a discharge under these
specific circumstances.
Bulk cargo vessels operating
within the 12 Nm from the
nearest land limitation
(including the GBRMP ).
Cargo bilge water.
Entry should be recorded in
the Garbage Record Book
(item 4.1(d) for verification of
a discharge under these
specific circumstances.
Regulations page 23
PREVENTION
REGULATIONS
• Comply with all Annex V requirements.
• If the vessel is anchored or stationary more than 12 Nm from the
nearest land, it is recommended that only food waste is discharged
and all other garbage is retained offloading when alongside.
Only for Safety purposes wash down discharge allowed for:
• Safe operation of a helicopter within the landing area and its
immediate vicinity to avoid dust being raised by the down-draft of
the rotors;
• When there is a need to avoid navigational hazards such as dust
being blown onto the wheelhouse or bridge wings; and
• Where residues may cause a serious safety hazard to personnel if
spillages are not cleaned from deck areas, adjacent walkways and
working areas.
• Only for safety purposes where the cargo hold bilge water
generated through a loaded hold is required to be discharged
through the vessel’s fixed piping bilge drainage system provided the
cargo material is not classified as a marine pollutant in the IMDG
Code.
• Vessels at anchorage for a period of time with empty holds may
discharge hold bilge water as long as the water is not directly
related to a hold washing /cleaning operation.
ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor
ELEMENT
SOURCES
PREVENTION
REGULATIONS
All vessels operating in
Australian Antarctic Territory
(see area south latitude 60
degree S
All Plastics
All other garbage (except food
waste)
Food waste
• Prohibited
• Prohibited
• >12 Nm from nearest land.
All vessels on International
voyages to and continuing in
Australian waters (Australian
Quarantine requirements)
All food waste including ground
and commuted, grinder or
extracted from a filtration
system.
• >12 Nm from land (baselines).
• Offload to port facilities for Australian
Quarantine approved contractor for
autoclave/steam sterilization processing.
Recycled waste (eg; aluminum,
tons, glass).
• Offload to port facilities if vessel has
processed recycled waste onboard through a
steam sterilizer. OR
• Offload to port facilities for Australian
Quarantine approved contractor for
autoclave / steam sterilization processing.
All vessels on International
voyages to and continuing in
Australian waters (Australian
Quarantine requirements).
All vessels on International
voyages to and continuing in
Australian waters (Australian
Quarantine requirements).
Regulations page 24
Ashes from type approved
incinerator ( IMO Resolution
MEPC.76(40)
Ashes from an incinerator ( not
type approved).
• Accepted by port reception facilities.
• Offload to Australian Quarantine approved
contractor but only acceptable for deep
burial treatment.
ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor
ELEMENT
SOURCES
PREVENTION
REGULATIONS
TABLE 5 MARPOL Annex VI - AIR EMISSIONS - Apply to all vessels.
Vessel/Voyage
Type/Area
Sub-Category
Discharge conditions
All vessels
Ozone-depleting
substances.
• Prohibited.
Nitrogen Oxides
• Operation of diesel engines>130 kW prohibited unless engine is certified to meet prescribed
emission standards.
NEW ENGINES:
• Tier I – 17 g/kW from 1 January 2000
• Tier II – 14.4 g/kW from 1 January 2011
• Tier III – 3.4 g/kW from January 2016 ( in Emission Control Areas ( ECA)
Existing Engines ( installed on ship on or between 1 January 1990 to 1 January 2000).
• 17 g/kW for diesel engine with power output >500 kW and displacement per cylinder =>90 liters
• Approved method by Administration.
Sulphur Oxides
• Sulphur content of fuel oil not to exceed 4.5% **
• From 1 January 2012, sulphur content of fuel oil not to exceed 3.5% **
• From 1 January 2020 sulphur content if fuel oil not to exceed 0.5% **
** Fuel oil to be purchased from a registered suplier.
Note: a feasibility review to be completed 2018.
Incinerators
• Incinerators installed after 1January 2000 must be type approved and certified to meet
prescribed emission standards.
• Do not use within port limits.
Regulations page 25
ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor
ELEMENT
SOURCES
PREVENTION
REGULATIONS
Simplified overview of the discharge provisions of the revised MARPOL Annex V (resolution
MEPC.201 (62) which will enter into force on 1 January 2013
(for more detailed guidance regarding the respective discharge requirements, please refer to the text of MARPOL
Annex V or to the 2012 Guidelines for the Implementation of MARPOL Annex V )
Type of garbage
Ships outside special areas
Ships within special
areas
Offshore platforms (more
than 12Nm from land) and
all ships within 500 m of
such platforms.
Food waste
comminuted or
ground
Discharge permitted.
≥3Nm from the nearest land,
en route and as far as
practicable.
Discharge permitted.
≥12nm from the nearest
land, en route and as far
as practicable.
Discharge permitted.
Food waste not
comminuted or
ground
Discharge permitted.
≥12 Nm from the nearest land,
en route and as far as
practicable.
Discharge prohibited.
Discharge prohibited.
Regulations page 26
ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor
ELEMENT
Cargo residues* not contained
in wash water.
SOURCES
PREVENTION
REGULATIONS
Discharge prohibited.
Discharge prohibited
Discharge permitted.
Cargo residues* contained in
wash water.
≥12Nm from the
nearest land, en route
and as far as
practicable
Discharge permitted.
≥12Nm from the nearest
land, en route, as far as
practicable and subject to
two additional conditions+.
Discharge prohibited.
Cleaning agents and
additives* contained in cargo
hold wash water.
Discharge permitted.
Discharge permitted.
≥12Nm from the nearest
land, en route, as far as
practicable and subject to
two additional conditions.**
Discharge prohibited.
Cleaning agents and
additives* in deck and
external surfaces wash water.
Discharge permitted.
Discharge permitted.
Discharge prohibited.
Carcasses of animals carried
on board as cargo and which
died during the voyage.
Discharge permitted.
Discharge prohibited.
Discharge prohibited.
Regulations page 27
ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor
ELEMENT
SOURCES
PREVENTION
Discharge prohibited
REGULATIONS
All other garbage
including plastics,
synthetic ropes, fishing
gear, plastic garbage bags,
incinerator ashes,
clinkers, cooking oil,
floating dunnage, lining
and packing materials,
paper, rags, glass, metal,
bottles, crockery and
similar refuse.
Discharge prohibited.
Discharge prohibited
Mixed garbage.
When garbage is mixed with or contaminated by other substances prohibited from
discharge or having different discharge requirements, the more stringent
requirements shall apply.
*
These substances must not be harmful to the marine environment.
** According to regulation6.12 of MARPOL Annex V the discharge shall only be allowed if:
(a) both the port of departure and the next port of destination are with the special area and the ship will not
transit outside the special area between these ports (regulation 6.1.2.2); and
(b) if no adequate reception facilities are available at these ports ( regulation 6.1 2.3).
Regulations page 28
ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION
Descriptor
ELEMENT
SOURCES
END
Regulations page 29
PREVENTION
REGULATIONS