Headquarters U.S. Air Force
Integrity - Service - Excellence
Jet A Conversion
in the
United States
MSgt Greg Carrow
Air Force Petroleum Agency
Jet A Program Manager
May 2012
Bottom Line Up Front
 Approved AFSO21 Initiative to convert from standard mil
spec JP-8 jet fuel to commercial grade fuel in CONUS
 Demonstration with transport aircraft began in 2009
 The Jet A conversion is about:
 Operational Flexibility
Energy Security
 Increasing Supply Sources
 Procurement and Supply Chain Efficiencies
 Also compliments:
 DoD Strategic Alliance with the Airlines using
Alternative Fuels and commercial Jet A Blends
Efficiency Initiative — Supports Energy Strategy — Saves Money
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Leadership Direction
“Keep safety of flight at the forefront of
every decision”
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Overview
 What, Why, and Why Now
Consumption
Data
What,
Why &
Why Now
 Consumption Data
Expansion
Roadmap
 Conversion Roadmap
Way Forward
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Program History
 Since Nov 09, shown flexibility to move from
milspec to commercial fuel (Jet A w/ additives)
 Logistics demonstrations at Dover,
Little Rock, McChord, Minn St. Paul
 Conducted research on fuel additives and
flight profile impacts when using Jet A
 Demonstrated capability to inject additives at
several points in supply chain (FSII, SDA, CI/LI)
Savings
Research
Partnership
 Initiative expanding to a total of 24 Air Force
locations by end of 2012
Keys to success
Why? To Save DoD Money—Fuels Nearly Identical
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Fuel Specifications
TAN (mg
KOH/g), max
Mercaptan
Sulfur (mass
%), max
Military
Additives
Required
Fuel
Prime Users
Type
Freezing
Point, max
JP-8
MIL
Kerosene
-47°C
0.015
0.002
Yes
JP-5
MIL
Kerosene
-46°C
0.015
0.002
Yes (no
SDA)
Jet A-1
COM
OCONUS
Kerosene
-47°C
0.10
0.003
No (but
allowed)
MIL NATO
OCONUS
Kerosene
-47°C
0.015
0.003
No (but
allowed)
Jet A
COM
CONUS
Kerosene
-40°C
0.10
0.003
No (but
allowed)
TS-1
Russia
Kerosene
-60°C
0.01
0.005
No (but
allowed)
JP-4
MIL
Naphtha/Kero
-58°C
0.015
0.002
Yes
Jet B
COM
Naphtha/Kero
-50°C
N/A
0.003
No
Jet A-1
(DS 91-91)
No Spec difference in Energy Content/Density between JP-8 and Jet A
Integrity - Service - Excellence
Logistics Data
Actual Freezing Point Readings by Base
JP-8
JP-5
Jet A
-58.0
-57.0
-56.0
-55.0
-54.0
-53.0
-52.0
-51.0
-50.0
-49.0
-48.0
-47.0
-46.0
-45.0
-44.0
-43.0
-42.0
-41.0
-40.0
-39.0
-38.0
Freeze Point Data
Coldest Daily FP
Warmest Daily FP
Avg Freeze FP
- 48.3 C
Dover
Little Rock
McChord
Minn St. Paul
2,309Samples
as of: 30 Apr 12
92% meet JP-5 Spec & 75% meet JP-8
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(Nov 09 – Apr 12)
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Why Jet A
 Jet A primary fuel for
commercial aviation in
CONUS– volume and
competition drive market
 Jet A vs JP-8 production ratio
is dependent on demand
 24.4B gallons of Jet A
produced in CONUS
during 2007 versus only
1.6B of JP-8
Jet A represents 94%
of the CONUS
production
versus 6% for JP-8
 Jet A allows same additives
found in JP-8, although they
are generally not used
Entering Larger Jet A Market Enables More Competition—Reduces Cost
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Why Now?
 Escalating DoD fuel costs
 Technical evaluation supports conversion
 Operational, Safety, Suitability and
Effectiveness (OSS&E) technical
evaluation complete
 DLA Energy indicates it is becoming
more difficult to support JP-8 CONUS
requirements
DoD Fuel Costs (Billions)
14
12.8
12
9.2
10
8
7.4
6
4
2
3.8
0
FY03
FY08
FY09
FY10
 Suppliers opting as an overall business decision not to produce
specialty fuels like JP-8 but instead produce more common Jet A
 2009-2010 Inland East/Gulf Coast procurement resulted in no
offers for a 54M gallon JP-8 requirement
Research, Savings, Shrinking Availability of JP-8—Time is Now!
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DoD Savings Opportunities
 Product Cost Savings
 More competition, less handling costs = reduced price
 Supply Chain Savings
 Remove/reduce specialty product supply chain
 More use of commercial pipelines—fungible product
 Reduction/consolidation of Defense Bulk Fuel Terminals
 Shared transportation and inventory storage costs
 Operational Savings
 Allows expanded use of commercial fuel capability (simplifies
aircraft relocations, reduces logistics footprint)
Since Jun 11, Jet A $.02 less than JP-8--$2.1M savings to date
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Air Force Jet A Locations
Spokane IAP
Fairchild
KC-135s
McChord
C-17s
Going Forward
Minn. St . Paul
C130s
Grant County IAP
Fairchild
KC-135s
New Castle
C130s
Tulsa
F16s
Jun/Jul
Harrisburg
C130s
Martin Aprt
A10 & C27s
Dover
C5 & C17s
Standiford
C130s
Martinsburg
C-5s
Key
Will Rogers
C21s
Prior to Current Initiative
During Runway Closure
(Aircraft now back at
Fairchild)
Additional Locations
Since Nov 09
Little Rock
C130s
Shaw
F16s
McEntire
F-16s
Charleston
C-17s





Savannah
Fairchild
Kingsley Fld
Portland
Cusick
Aug/Sep





Dyess
Ellsworth
Laughlin
Lackland
Sheppard
14 Locations to date, 10 more planned for 2012
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Total Jet A w/ Additives
Issued by AF (2 ½ yrs)
180,000
Jet A Gals Issued AF Locations (Thousands)
169,191
160,000
140,000
Original Conversion
Dates
Tulsa:
1995
Standiford: 1995
Will Rogers: 2008
120,000
100,000
80,000
60,000
40,000
20,000
0
69,271
39,287
8,211
7,797 3,244
3,012 1,814 689
140
92 6,126 2,857 349
Note: Dates
reflect month
began issuing
Jet A after start
of demo
Over 312M gallons issued from AF locations/relocations
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(Nov 09 – Apr 12)
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Jet A Purchases
Commercial Airports (2 ½ yrs)
Sum of SUM(QUANTITY)
100000000
90000000
80000000
70000000
60000000
50000000
40000000
30000000
20000000
10000000
0
94,747,880
87,944,266
56,660,721
48,482,331
235,230
AIR FORCE
ARMY
MARINE
NAVY
OTHER FED
SERVICE
288M Gallons of Jet A Purchased by 359 Aircraft Types
Integrity - Service - Excellence
(Oct 09 – Mar 12)
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Jet A Conversion Road Map
 Current :
 Continue Jet A use at current locations (14)
 Expand to 10 additional bases in 2012
 AF implementation plan approval in 2012
 Plan for 60 additional bases in 2013
 Continue to partner with DLA Energy and Services
 Mid-Term: (CY13-17) - Convert remaining locations in CONUS
 Long-Term: Expand conversion to commercial specification product
worldwide
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Remaining Items in Work…

Army
 National Security Exemption to use Jet A in vehicles

Navy
 Freeze point (V-22, P-3, EA-6)

Air Force
 B-52
 Flight profile modeling for freeze point
 Mercaptan Sulfur
 Global Hawk
 Update flight manual listing Jet A as a restricted fuel to
account for when aircraft are diverted
 CV-22 – Freeze point study—Navy has the lead
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DLA Energy Jet A Fuel
Procurement Projections
 Two Annual DLA Energy Fuel Procurement Cycles
 Rocky Mountain West Coast (RMWC)
 Requirements: Apr
 Fuel Flows: Jan following year
 Inland East Gulf Coast (IEGC)
 Requirements: Jul
 Fuel Flows: Apr following year
CY12 IEGC
Conversions
CY12 RMWC
Conversions
Fairchild
Portland ANG
Kingsley Field ANG
Cusick Training Site
Estimated Jun/Jul 12
Ellsworth
Dyess
Sheppard
Laughlin
Lackland
Harrisburg ANG
Baltimore ANG
Estimated Aug/Sep 12
Requirements for CY 13
Conversions
Edwards
Isolated Supply Chains
Complete Supply Chains
Limit Impact on other
Services
Planning Underway
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Jet A with Military Additive
Package Product Markings
M
M M
Consensus amongst Service Control Points
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Take Away
 The Jet A conversion effort is about:
 Operational Flexibility
 Increasing Supply
= Energy Security
 Procurement and Supply Chain Efficiencies
Changing the Culture: JP-8 to Jet A – Smart for the 21st Century
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Air Force Petroleum Agency
Integrity - Service - Excellence
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