Guidelines For Real Time
Effluent Quality Monitoring
System(RTEQMS)
R.M.Bhardwaj
Scientist D
CENTRAL POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD
Background


Central Pollution Control Board issued directions
to SPCBs/PCCs for setting up of Real Time
Monitoring Systems in February 2014.
Regulation on method of monitoring and analysis
for Real Time Monitoring Systems does not exist
and required to be mandated by SPCBs/PCCs as
a self regulation mechanism.
Regulatory Regime
Consent orders of SPCBs/PCCs specify standards to
be complied by industries
Industries submit analysis reports to SPCBs/PCCs
and invariably copies are marked to CPCB
Reports
submitted by industries largely comply
with the consent standard limits in contrast to the
samples collected by SPCBs/PCCs/CPCB that by and
large remains non complying.
Actions
(based
on
manual
monitoring
methodology) against industries are not leading to
improvement in treatment processes by the units
besides the willingness of persistent defaulters
remains non committal.

Regulatory Regime (contd.)
Monitoring mechanism is weak due to lack of
logistics, manpower and resources among the
SPCBs/PCCs/CPCB obviously due to vastness of the
jurisdiction area for regional offices and Zonal
offices.
Remedy is to put in place alternate monitoring
mechanism on self monitoring methodology by
industries and provide online data to regulatory
regime.
Limitations of the remedy is to modify the consent
mechanism wherein online monitoring and reporting
has to be made mandatory

Guidelines for RTEQMS



Industrial units shall inform SPCBs/PCCs/CPCB
about setting up of RTEQMS by submitting
installation and commissioning reports with the
technical details of equipment's and their
worthiness.
RTEQMS should be equipped to analyse specified
parameters Parameters (pH, Total suspended
solids, ammonia, Bio-chemical Oxygen demand
(BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)
etc.) on a defined frequency.
RTEQMS shall consist of standalone unmanned
water monitoring stations/system equipped with
GSM/GPRS modem and other communication
modes for transmission of real time data to a
central receiving station(CRS)
Guidelines for RTEQMS




(contd.)
CRS/Server
to
be
located
at
industrial
unit/service provider/SPCBs/PCCs and CPCB.
Central receiving station should have capability
to receive, analyze and archive the data received
from RTEQMS with alarm system.
Physical verification of installation of equipment's
shall be carried out by SPCBs/PCCs and compile
reports with photographic evidence.
Verification of data generated through RTEQMS
shall be cross checked by manual monitoring and
analysis of effluent samples by SPCBs/PCCs to
assess the efficacy, accuracy, precision
and
reliability of equipment's.
Site Selection



Fixing of site for installation of RTEQMS should
be representative and in compliance to
provisions of Consent Management (notified
effluent
outfall
with
coordinates-Global
Positioning System) to assess temporal changes
in the quality of effluent discharged from the
premises of industrial unit.
Monitoring site should be accurately displayed
with written station location.
Photographic evidence should be obtained in the
documentation.
Instrumentation of RTEQMS





Various equipment manufacturers in India and
Abroad are capable to supply, install, commission
and operate the RTEQMS.
Technology providers have analyser as well as
sensor based equipment's to cater to the needs of
RTEQMS.
General guidelines shall not specify the equipments
and technology to be used for setting up of
RTEQMS
Market based system shall be governed for setting
up of RTEQMS
Industrial
units/associations
shall
use
the
equipment and service providers based on the
economics and ruggedness for RTEQMS to last
longer (say at least 5 to 8 years)
Advantages and Disadvantages of
Flow Through System
Advantages and Disadvantages of
Insitu Monitoring System
Data Management and Quality Checks
•
•
RTEQMS generated data should be validated
according to Water Quality Criteria/Effluent
Discharge Standards using the methodologies
included in the publication of American Public
Health Association on Water and Waste Water
Examination(20th Edition)
Sensors/analyzers shall have current US EPA
reference or equipment method designation and
shall be of the latest design.
Data Management and Quality Checks
(contd.)
•
Standard Operating procedure should be
provided and must contain
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
Operating procedures for all analyzers
and sensors
Calibration procedures
Calibration schedules
Maintenance procedures
Maintenance schedules
Data Transmission procedures
Data validation procedures
Network Architecture





Network architecture should be modular
RTEQMS should be operational in a real time
mode and central station should be able to
access
RTEQMS should be field operational and
tolerant to extreme environmental conditions
, in high or low temperatures, high humidity
coastal conditions and high temperature.
RTEQMS should be rugged and should not
require manual intervention except routine
calibration
Communication
between
RTEQMS
and
Central Receiving station must be two-way
communication system utilizing GPRS/any
other telemetry system.
Network Architecture (contd.)



RTEQMS should have built in GPS receiver
for automatic position determination and
web camera to visualise the surroundings
of effluent channel and virtual flow.
Central Receiving station must have the
capability to remotely configure, receive,
process, archive and visualize data
collected and transmitted from RTEQMS to
serve through WEB dissemination
System should have WEB software to
distribute the data to authorized users
with highly secured mode through a
Quality Control Process.
WEB Software Platform


Web Software Platform must be able for web
posting of the data available on the central
server in such a way that all authorized
persons
with
an
internet
connection
(ADSL) would have the possibility to access to
the information of all the RTEQMS
Web Enabled Software must have following
features:
o Log of user accessing the web enabled data
with complete detail of data accessed and
downloaded should be maintained.
o Authorized
user should have access to
current data and historical data.
WEB Software Platform
o
o
o
(contd.)
RTEQMS must show the geographical
information and status of the stations, for
example Name of station, Station ID,
Latitude, Longitude, Height (msl) etc.
On selecting a station, the complete menu
of the data should be displayed.
Data should be accessible in Tabular and
graphical format provided by the authorised
user.
General Specifications -RTEQMS



Equipment's should be capable of operating in a
self-powering mode from an internal power
supply (using cell batteries/alternative system)
with a full payload at a defined sampling
interval.
Equipment's should have a non-volatile flash disk
memory capable of storing individual readings
for a period of at least one year.
Loss of power should not cause loss of memory
Technical Specification
of
Analysers/Sensors
pH (mV)
Parameter
Technical Specification
Measuring Range
0.0 to 14 units of pH
Accuracy
≤ 0.01 units of pH
Response Time
≤ 60 seconds
Operating Temperature
0 to 40o C
Operating Humidity
5 to 95% non-condensing
Power
12 VDC Nominal
Cleaning
Self-Cleaning ( Automatic )
COD (mg/l)
Parameter
Measuring Range
Accuracy
Technical Specification
0.0 to 500 mg/L
± 2% + 5 mg/L of certified
reference standard
Resolution
Response Time
Operating Temperature
Operating Humidity
Power
Cleaning
≤ 1 mg/L
≤ 60 seconds
0 to 40o C
5 to 95% non-condensing
12 VDC Nominal
Self-Cleaning ( Automatic )
BOD (mg/L)
Parameter
Technical Specification
Measuring Range
0.0-50 mg/L
Resolution
≤ 1 mg/L
Response Time
≤ 60 seconds
Operating Temperature
0 to 40o C
Operating Humidity
5 to 95% non-condensing
Power
12 VDC Nominal
Cleaning
Self-Cleaning ( Automatic )
Ammonia (mg/l)
Parameter
Measuring Range
Accuracy
Resolution
Response Time
Operating Temperature
Operating Humidity
Power
Cleaning
Technical Specification
0.0 to 100 mg/L
≤ 3% of full scale
≤ 0.1 mg / L
≤ 60 seconds
0 to 40o C
5 to 95% non-condensing
12 VDC Nominal
Self-Cleaning ( Automatic )
Total Suspended Solids (mg/l)
Parameter
Technical Specification
Measuring Range
0.0 to 200 mg/l
Accuracy
≤ 5 mg/l
Response Time
≤ 60 seconds
Operating Temperature
0 to 40o C
Operating Humidity
5 to 95% non-condensing
Power
12 VDC Nominal
Cleaning
Self-Cleaning ( Automatic )
Experience on Real Time Water
Quality Monitoring of River
Ganga and Yamuna
Automatic Water Quality Monitoring of
River Ganga
First attempt of Automatic Water Quality
Monitoring of River Ganga -1992-95
System performed for a couple of months
System did not have telecommunication system
Data downloading through floppy diskettes
Monitoring data have erratic values
System did not improved despite efforts
Contract with the supplier of floating boat and
equipments terminated
Led to arbitration and litigation
Bitter experience for two decade

Automatic Water Quality Monitoring of
River Ganga
Automatic Water Quality Monitoring of
River Yamuna
Second attempt of Automatic Water Quality Monitoring of
River Yamuna -1998
Monitoring system was analyser based
Container size for equipments was 15x20 feet
System performed for a couple of months
System did not have telecommunication system
Data downloading through floppy diskettes
Monitoring data have erratic values
System did not improved despite efforts

Real Time Water Quality Monitoring of
River Ganga and Yamuna
Third attempt of Real Time Water Quality Monitoring of
River Ganga and Yamuna -2012
Monitoring system is sensor based
System functioning for a period of 12 months
System have telecommunication system
Data transmission through telemetry in server installed in
CPCB Delhi Office
Monitoring data is under going verification through
manual monitoring
System has strengths and weaknesses
Possibilities of improvement is being explored

Monitoring Location
River Ganga








01.
02.
03.
04.
05.
06.
07.
08.
Haridwar- Upper Ganga Barrage-BhimGoda)
Kannauj (Nanamau Bridge), Downstream
Kanpur (Jajmau Bridge Kanpur)
Allahabad (Shastri Bridge), Upstream
Varanasi, Upstream
Varanasi, Downstream
Gandhi Ghat, Patna (floating platform)
Garden Reach, Kolkata
River Yamuna


09. Delhi Upstream, Wazirabad
10. Delhi Downstream Okhla
Monitoring Location
Real Time Water Quality Monitoring of
River Ganga and Yamuna
Salient Features of RTWQMS




RTWQMS Project consists of 10 standalone, unmanned
remote water quality monitoring
System stations can monitor ten parameters
pH
Turbidity
Conductivity
Temperature
Dissolved Oxygen
Ammonia
Bio-chemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)
Nitrate
Chloride
Monitoring frequency is set for 15 minutes.
Real time data transmitted through GPRS network to
server of central receiving station at CPCB office
Components of the System

Real Time Water Quality Monitoring System
(RTWQMS) comprises of









Monitoring Station-Data logger Data logger and
transmission system with build in display Compressor-Solar
panel-Battery-GPS-GPRSCamera
Sensor package
Enclosures
Wireless network-GSM/GPRS transmitters
Battery Charging System for remote stations
(battery, regulator, solar panel)
Single Point Grounding System for field stations
Floating Platform/Buoy
Data processing and publishing server
Alert system
Monitoring Station
Jajmau Bridge KanpurFixed
Varanasi DownstreamFloating
Monitoring Station-Floating
River Ganga-Varanasi
Downstream-Floating
River Gomti-Lucknow-CWC
Station
Data Logger and Battery
Data Logger
Battery Back Up
Sensor Cage with sensors
on Floating Station
Set
of
four
Sensor
Monitoring Station-Fixed
Shastri Bridge-Allahabad
Shastri Bridge-Allahabad
Monitoring Station-Fixed
Anchor of Cage to Bridge
Pillar
Anchor of Cage to Bridge
Pillar
Data Logger connected to Sensors
Central Receiving Station










Comprising of three Servers
Data collection and Data base server - Windows
Server Edition, Software with SQL Database
Real-time Quality Control Software for alarms by
SMS messages based on thresholds
Quality Assurance and Application Server
(Windows Server Edition), Time Series
Web Accessible Remote Station and Computer
Maintenance Log Software
WEB Server, Data Dissemination/visualization
software
UPS for Computer Systems
Computer Rack
Network Router with Hardware
Network Switch (HUB)
Data Management



Online data validation at each station with the
con::cube / moni::tool features
Software installed on Central Receiving Station
has provision for data acquisition, data
archival, data analysis, data display and report
generation with parameter value graphs
Possible to process and further analyze all the
measured and calculated parameters from
these ten remote stations.
Central Monitoring and Alert System



Hydro – Q a web based Central Monitoring
System
provides information about electrical
and general parameters online
System allows authenticated users to view
textual and graphical reports including trends of
all configured parameters
Integration with google maps provides a one
point view of all site information.
Limitations/Achievements of
Monitoring System
Site selection and Timely clearance/permission
for installation
• Taxation for an overseas vendor
•Frequent calibration is required
• Security in remote areas a cause of concern
• Wide variation in real time values in respect of
some parameters (BOD,COD and Nitrate)
however relatively reliable observations in
respect
of
other
parameters
(pH,
DO,
Temperature, Colour, Conductivity, Turbidity,
Chloride and Ammonia)
•
Limitations/Achievements of
Monitoring System (contd.)
System is workable however drop time observed
invariably due to communication failure or power
disruption
•Data used during Maha Kumbh Event and with
respect to issues with water quality intake point
of Delhi on Yamuna for instant reporting
•Direction issued to SPCB for corrective action on
water quality deterioration at water intake point
of Delhi and regularly used during Maha Kumbh
event.
•System will be helpful for Govt. organisations
struggling with manpower.
•Limitations shall be huge investment and skilled
manpower.
•
HYDROLOGY PROJECT – II
LOAN NO. 4749-IN
International Competitive Bidding (ICB)
for Procurement of supply, installation,
testing, training and commissioning of
Real Time Water Quality Monitoring
Stations (RTWQMS).
IFB No: ICB No: HP II/CPCB-1 /2011-12
Bid Evaluation Report- Vol. 1
ICB –Tender Quotations
Name of Bidder
Bid Amount
Wintech Engineers Pvt. Ltd.,
Rs.7,90,82,000/New Delhi,India
Tritech Engineering & Testing
Rs. 5,61,96,196/(Singapore) Pvt. Ltd., Singapore
Essel Shyam Technologies Ltd., Rs.1,51,30,267/NOIDA, India
Elcome Technologies Pvt. Ltd., Rs. 8,99,34,030/Gurgaon, India
SGS Weather & Environmental Rs. 9,36,48,545/System Pvt. Ltd.,
New Delhi, India
Details of Bid Quotation
Sl. No.
Name of Item
Specification or Part No.
Sl.No. Name of Item Detail
Qty.
Rate
Value
Qty
Rate
Value
1
Basic item Real
Time
Water 10
Quality
Monitoring
System as per the
details of TS
INR 1,429,670 INR
14,530,446
(including
inland
transportation and
other services)
2
Central
Central
Receiving 1
Receiving Station at CPCB as
Station
per the details of TS
INR 4,737,429 INR 4,737,429
Total
(1+2)
3.
Goods
Real Time Water
1 Lot
Manufactu Quality Monitoring
red in the System as per details
Purchaser’ of TS
s Country Central Receiving
1 Lot
Station at CPCB as
per the details of TS
Total (3)
INR 19,267,875
INR 2,083,646
INR 452,147
INR 2,535,792
Details of Bid Quotation
Sl.
No.
4.1
4.2
Name of Item
Related Services
Installation,
Testing,
Calibration,
and
Commissioning of RTWQMS including civil
works
Training of CPCB personnel in all activities
4.3
Operation of CPCB Data Center, including
Data Collection, Data Storage, Data
Validation, Data Dissemination and servicing
of all software/ hardware
4.4
Cost of GSM/GPRS Data Transmission during
installation, testing & calibration and
warranty period
Maintenance Manuals, maintenance
database and SOP( two numbers) at each
site
O&M of the system during the two years of
warranty following the final acceptance of
the system
Total Bid Price
4.5
4.6
Qty.
Rate
Value
LS (1 INR 3,095,352
Lot)
INR 3,095,352
LS (1 INR 631,800
Lot)
LS (1 INR 949,806
Lot)
INR 631,800
LS (1 INR 186,030
Lot)
INR 186,030
LS (1 INR 585,000
Lot)
INR 585,000
INR 949,806
LS (1 INR 10,049,375 INR 10,049,375
Lot)
INR 15,497,363
Details of Bid Quotation
Sl. No.
Name of Item /AMC
Rate
5.1
Hardware Maintenance (Post-Warranty Period)
5.1.1
Central Receiving Station
INR 1,610,329
5.1.1
RTWQMS
INR 3,732,414
5.1.3
Software Licenses & Updates
INR 0
5.2
5.2.1
Technical Services
Operating & maintenance staff [to be detailed]
INR 12,542,445
5.2.2
Telecommunication costs (GSM/GPRS)
INR 252,720
5.2.3
5.3
Licenses, Fees Web
Other Recurrent Costs
INR 0
5.3.1
Burglary Insurance for all the equipments
INR 73,519
5.3.2
Fire & Natural Disaster Insurance for all equipments
INR 157,238
5.3.3
Specialist Annual Consuttancy on WQ Data
INR 526,500
Total Price
INR 18,895,166
Post Warranty Related Services
Total
Years
No.
1
1.1
1.2
2
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
4
Component
Hardware Maintenance
(Post-Warranty Period)
Central Receiving Station
RTWQMS
Software Licenses &
Updates
Technical Services
Operating & maintenance
staff [to be detailed]
Telecommunication costs
(GSM/GPRS)
Licenses, Fees Web
Other Recurrent Costs
4.1 Burglary Insurance for all
the equipment's
4.2 Fire & Natural Disaster
Insurance for all
equipment's
4.3 Specialist Annual
Consultancy on WQ Data
Annual Subtotals:
Y3
Y4
Y5
INR 510,810
INR 1,119,338
INR 0
INR 536,351
INR 1,306,538
INR 0
INR 563,168
INR 1,306,538
INR 0
INR 1,610,329
INR 3,732,414
INR 0
INR 3,978,571
INR 4,177,500
INR 4,386,374
INR 12,542,445
INR 84,240
INR 84,240
INR 84,240
INR 252,720
INR 0
INR 0
INR 0
INR 0
INR 25,773
INR 24,485
INR 23,261
INR 73,519
INR 55,123
INR 52,367
INR 49,749
INR 157,238
INR 175,500
INR 175,500
INR 175,500
INR 526,500
5,949,356
6,356,980
6,588,830
TOTAL INR 18,895,166
Thank You