Carbon Cycle Interagency Working Group (CCIWG)
AGENCY UPDATES
U.S. Carbon Cycle Science Program
U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP)
1717 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, Washington, D.C. , USA
www.CarbonCycleScience.US
CCIWG Agency Update for NACP PI Meeting
January 2015
www.CarbonCycleScience.us
An Interagency Partnership: Providing a coordinated & focused
scientific strategy for conducting federal carbon cycle research
What does the CCIWG do?
• Promotes interagency cooperation and
coordination;
• Helps secure funding, prepare individual & joint
agency initiatives & solicitations; and
• Involves the scientific community in providing the
needed science to understand the carbon cycle.
Major CCIWG Programs & Activities:
(in addition to funding programs by individual agencies)
See Poster for details.
www.CarbonCycleScience.us
Other updates
• GCP SSC co-chair Rob Jackson, new member Galen McKinley
• RECCAP NA Paper – King et. al. published
• Workshop/report/special activities sponsorship request Guidelines
now available online on carboncyclescience.us.
• COP-19 Side event with USDA – ‘US and International collaboration
in C Cycle Science’
• Plans for SOCCR-2
• CCIWG co-chair transition—Current Co-Chairs Nancy Cavallaro and
Dan Stover
• See CarbonCycleScience.us for more.
CCIWG Member Agency UPDATES
USDA Forest Service Carbon Cycle
Research Program
The New US Forest Carbon Accounting Framework (US
FCAF Version 1.0)
• The FCAF system will be comprised of a forest dynamics
module and a land use dynamics module. This modeling
framework includes opportunities for user-defined
scenarios evaluating the impacts of land use change and
disturbance rates on future carbon stocks and stock
changes.
• Developed over next 9 months for the 2016 NGHGI
(released internally by October 2015)
USDA Forest Service Carbon Cycle
Research Program
• Reducing Uncertainty and Increasing Consistency: Recent Technical
Improvements to the 2015 United States Forest Carbon Inventory
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Annual progress on official US NGHGI & continue in situ observations
Refine stock estimation by pool
Extend inventory to all managed lands
Improve LUC, baselines, and attribution
Benefits current and future commitments but also climate change monitoring
• Carbon Cycle Science in forest, rangeland and urban ecosystems research:
• Pools and fluxes of carbon in ecosystems
• Impact of management on carbon
• Carbon GHG emissions due to fire
• Carbon Monitoring
• Research to better understand carbon pools
• Research to develop better assessment methods
• Develop tools for managers to assess carbon in forests, rangelands & urban
ecosystems
NIFA—programs and developments
• AFRI RFAs: delayed pending language to comply with latest Farm
Bill but– Climate, Food Security, BENRE RFAs (3) expected soon.
– Working on potential future RFAs: Bioenergy, Water-FoodEnergy, Carbon Cycle—single and multi-agency
• Funding for research combined with outreach/extension, decision
support, education
• Capacity funding for AES and Forestry schools—increasing
projects on carbon, GHG, climate
• Recent workshops: Soil Organic Matter—International conference
• Upcoming workshops: Climate Smart Agriculture-Feb. 2-3, 2015;
Soil CN MIP workshop-March 2-4, 2015
• Climate PD meeting April 7-9, 2015
Other USDA
• ARS:
• LTARs—10 sites
• Gracenet—Identify and further develop agricultural practices that will
sequester carbon and sustatinably reduce GHG, Standard protocols for
measurements
• USDA-NRCS Ongoing Projects
• Comet-Farm: Next generation of COMET2.0. Whole farm GHG analysis
including crops, livestock, agroforestry and fuel use
• SNOTEL (snow telemetry) and SCAN (Soil Climate Analysis Network:
Monitoring for water supply forecasts in west and soil moisture/soil
temperature trend data in 50 US states and Antarctic
• NRI data collection and satellite imagery of Alaskan sites
• OCE - USDA Regional Hubs for Risk Adaptation and Mitigation to
Climate Change—7 regional centers, Forest Service and ARS
collaborating with Universities and other centers
U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Science
Office of Biological & Environmental Research
Terrestrial Ecosystem Sciences
Daniel Stover, Ph.D. and Michael Kuperberg, Ph.D.
Program Managers
Daniel.Stover@science.doe.gov
Michael.Kuperberg@science.doe.gov
http://tes.science.energy.gov/
Office
of Science
Office of Biological
and Environmental Research
Terrestrial Ecosystem Science
TES Approach- model-inspired fundamental research:
•Observations (e.g., AmeriFlux network)
•Large-scale, long-term field studies and manipulations (e.g.,
SPRUCE, NGEE, prior FACE studies)
•Synthesis (e.g., NACP and FACE)
•Research questions in the context of needs, process and
structure of Earth system models
Funding to both universities and DOE National Labs--Annual
university Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA)
released in the summer/fall for funding in next fiscal year
Coupled Model-Experimental Linkages
(MODEX)
• “Predictive understanding” is code for MODEX.
• Our goal is to coordinate process and modeling science to
maximize scientific outcomes.
• This is not a one-way street, it is an iterative dialog (a “new” way
to do business).
• We recognize the importance of and role for “discovery science”.
Major DOE Initiatives in Carbon Cycle
Science
Next Generation Ecosystem Experiments (NGEE)
– NGEE focuses on systems that are:
• Globally important;
• Climatically sensitive;
• Insufficiently understood or represented in coupled models
– Ongoing efforts in Arctic (ORNL led, year 3) and tropical (LBNL
led, year 1) ecosystems
AmeriFlux
• DOE BER supports AmeriFlux network infrastructure and provides
ongoing support to the network and for maintenance of long-term data
records
SPRUCE
• Ecosystem experiment to test responses of high-carbon, high-latitude
peat ecosystems (northern Minnesota) to elevated [CO2] and warming
(collaboration with USFS)
NASA Update
• Carbon Cycle Science selection in 2014 – USDA, DOE, NOAA, and NASA - 235 compliant
Step-2 proposals with 41 selected for funding - approximately $37 million over three years
• OB&B program has the EXport Processes in the Ocean from Remote Sensing (EXPORTS) –
draft science plan under review, plus two others – Scoping for Interdisciplinary Coordinated
Experiment of the Southern Ocean Carbon Cycle (ICESOCC) and Arctic COastal Land
Ocean InteRactions Scoping Study (Arctic-COLORS)
• Pre-Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) mission is moving forward (some focus on
carbon in the atmosphere, ocean, and at the land/ocean interface)
• Diane Wickland has retired, Eric Kaschiske and Kathy Hibbard now lead the TE program
• ROSES Task A.4 – Terrestrial Ecology soliciting for the Arctic-Boreal Vulnerability
Experiment (ABoVE) Field Campaign. Will phase up to $7 to 8 million per year by 2017/18
• NACP Office: Coordinator, meeting planning, web presence, database of projects, personnel,
publications - about 2.2 FTE spread across 12 people
• - NASA has sponsored 220 investigations since NACP's inception
• - Carbon Monitoring System: 53 projects from CMS are part of NACP
• - Coastal Carbon Synthesis: underway with final report 2015
• ROSES LCLUC 2012 and 2013 highlighted three projects in support of NACP (G. Gutman)
• OCO-2 launched July 2, 2014, the spacecraft and instrument are working quite well. L1B
data are now available at the GSFC DAAC.
• The 3rd selection of CMS investigations occurred this past year, concentrating on regional
and state biomass and flux activities. The next solicitation is expected in ROSES 2016.
NOAA Greenhouse Gas
Reference Network
• In 2015 NOAA is working to
restore several of the sites lost
owing to cutbacks since 2006.
• Re-establish East Pacific Cruise
Track and several other surface
flask sites.
• Re-establish and increase
frequency of flights at aircraft
sites.
• Upgrade observing systems at
tall towers.
• Shore up infrastructure at
Atmospheric Baseline
Observatories.
• Increase frequency of 14CO2
measurements at some sites.
* Yellow symbols represent sites that were
discontinued in the past, generally owing to
funding cuts. Some are being restored.
Quality Control Checks on
Earth Networks Data
• Earth Networks has started
measurements of CO2 and CH4 at 28
cell phone towers in the US.
• Instruments are from Picarro.
• Inlets and package design are from
Scripps Institution of Oceanography.
• Calibration gases are from NOAA (World
Calibration Scales).
• Data processing is by EN.
• Analysis is by NOAA.
• NOAA is deploying flask packages at
four EN sites.
• NOAA is comparing data from selected
EN towers with CarbonTracker
estimates.
• Bias so far seems minimal, if at all.
• Probability of added value of EN data to
CarbonTracker and other analyses is
good.
FY13-FY15 AC4 Research Portfolio and NOAA
Partners
Nitrogen Cycle
Urban and Oil & Gas Emissions
N2O, NH3, HNO3, Aerosols
CH4, CO
ESRL/CSD Field Campaigns
GFDL Modeling
N2O, NH3, HNO3, CO, Aerosols
NH3, O3, CO, Aerosols
CarbonTracker
CH4, CO2
ESRL/GMD Monitoring
CO2, CH4
FY16 Priority
BIOMASS BURNING
Science Questions:
• What are the emissions of gases, aerosols, aerosol precursors and
greenhouse gases from North American fires?
• What is the chemical transformation of those emissions?
• What is the local air quality and visibility impact of North American
fires?
• What are the regional and long-term impacts of North American
fires?
• What are the climate-relevant properties of BB aerosols?
AC4 current and future activities:
• Solicitation of Interest: polling the atmospheric chemistry and
carbon communities about their interest in biomass burning
research
• Future plans: collaboration with ESRL scientists; FY16 and
FY17 calls for proposals
Timeline
NOAA’s Ocean
Acidification Program
(OAP) Updates
-Marine Sensor Transition grant awarded to Jan Newton at UW jointly funded by
IOOS (integrated ocean observing system) and OAP
-OAP FFO entitled “OA and nutrient loading to coastal marine ecosystems”
proposals have been received and are under review
-OAP received a $2.5m increase in funding from Congress for FY15. Roughly 50%
of this increase will go to competitive grants.
-Please check our website www.oceanacidification.noaa.gov for more updates on
currently funded projects, funding opportunities and outreach and education
resources.
NOAA Climate Program Office
Climate Observation Division
Ocean Carbon Observations
Tropical Pacific Observing System 2020 Goals
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To monitor, observe, define the state of ENSO, and improve scientific
understanding;
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To support observation and prediction systems for ocean and weather and
climate services, including underpinning research;
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Advance/refine knowledge of tropical Pacific predictability (physical and
biogeochemical) and its climate impacts; and
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To relate ocean/climate variability and change to marine biogeochemistry and
biology and carbon budgets, food security and biodiversity
NSF Updates for NACP
• Ecosystem Studies Program in DEB is searching for 1-2 new permanent
program officers (search closes Feb. 9), in addition to 1-2 rotators to start
next Fall – contact Henry Gholz
• Critical time: big data, more observation-based science (NEON and OOI moving into
operations), maturing microbial and other technologies, carbon cycle-related science more
centrally and societally important. Need is for collaborative, connected mid-career POs, for
leading development of “NG ecosystem science.”
• MacroSystems Biology, with a focus on scaling knowledge, has been put on
a hiatus for a year to sort out its relationship with NEON and core programs
at NSF.
• Some SEES (Sustainability) solicitations are still active, so monitor websites
and solicitations.
• RCN (Research Coordination Network) proposals are encouraged, along with
workshops. In BIO, watch for more NEON-related opportunities in the
future.
USGS update to NACP
• USGS is completing two regional carbon balance assessments: Alaska and
Hawaii. Each of the assessments will produce a USGS report and several
synthesis journal papers in 2015 or 16. A synthesis workshop is planned for
Alaska.
• USGS continues to implement a priority of providing carbon monitoring support
to land management agencies in the Department of the Interior. The goal is to
link science to land management and restoration practices and policies.
• USGS is collaborating with NASA’s ABoVE program to support research, data
collection, and application in boreal and arctic ecosystems
• USGS is leading research and providing data for carbon/CO2 fluxes in the aquatic
environment throughout the nation
NIST
Greenhouse Gas and Climate
Science Measurements Program
Objectives:
• Develop advanced measurement tools
and standards to improve accuracy
capabilities of:
• Greenhouse gas emissions inventory data
• Improving emissions measurement & reporting accuracy
• Independent methodologies to diagnose and verify
emissions data both nationally and internationally
• Applications focused on cities and metropolitan areas
U.S Emissions in 2012 - 6,526M
Metric Tons CO2 equivalent
• Remote observing capabilities – satellite and surface-based
• Extend measurement science and tools underpinning advances in understanding and
description of Earth’s climate and its change drivers
NIST Greenhouse Gas and Climate Science Measurements
Program Components
• Stationary/Point Source Metrology
– Increase accuracy of Continuous Emission
Monitoring technology
• Flow Measurement Test Beds – stack simulators
• Geospatially Distributed GHG Source
Metrology
– Measurement Tools and Test Beds
Characterizing Emission in Urban GHG
Concentration Domes
• Compare methods to determine GHG Emission
Inventory Accuracy –
Bottom-up vs. Top-Down
• Urban GHG dome test beds
 Indianapolis Flux Experiment (INFLUX)
 Los Angeles Megacity Carbon Project
 Northeast Corridor Project
• Propose an International GHG Metrology
Framework Supporting Inventory Diagnosis and
MRV Based on Megacities
• Measurement Tools, Standards, and
Reference Data
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GHG Concentration Standards
Spectroscopic Reference Data
Surface Air Temperature Assessment
Atmospheric Flux Measurement Tools
• Advancing Satellite Calibration Standards
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Microwave Observing Instruments
Optical Radiometric Methods
TOA and Surface Solar Irradiance
Surface Albedo Standards
• Measurement Science of Carbonaceous
Aerosols
• Advance Optical Property Measurements
• Development of Reference Materials
This afternoon at 4:00
THANK YOU!
CONTACT: gshrestha@usgcrp.gov
U.S. Carbon Cycle Science Program Office
U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) National
Coordination Office (NCO)
1717 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Suite 250, Washington, D.C. 20006,
U.S.A.
FOLLOW US @USCarbonProgram
CarbonCycleScience.US