Renewable Energy Development in
India
Government of India
Ministry of New and Renewable Energy
New Delhi
16 October 2012
India’s Energy Challenge
In next 12 years India’s
electricity requirement
to grow 2.5 times
Electricity shortage
estimated at 25-35 GW
Demand
Climate Change is
also an important
issue
Shortage
Climate
Change
Access
Security
India is dependent on oil
imports for 80% of its
demand
Around 400 Million
people still without
access to electricity
Renewable Power Capacity
Total Installed Capacity = 25,857 MW
3,412
1,044
3,434
17,967
Wind
Small Hydro
Bio
Solar
Renewable Capacity in GW
Plan-wise Renewable Energy Capacity (GW) Addition
55
60
50
40
24.9
30
20
10
10.2
3.5
0
2002
2007
2012
2017
XII Plan Targets (30 GW)
XI Plan Achievements (14.7 GW)
X Plan Achievements (6.7 GW)
Achievements Up to IX Plan (3.5 GW)
Renewable Energy Projections for 2027
Cumulative Capacity in GW
200
150
Small Hydro
Biomass
100
Solar
Wind
50
0
2012
2017
2022
2027
Renewable Energy Projections for 2027
Share of Renewable in Total Electricity Mix in %
20.0%
15.0%
10.0%
5.0%
0.0%
2012
2017
2022
2027
Renewable Resources in India
I. Wind Power
So far, main driver of RE in India; contributes over 70% of total RE capacity
Assessed Potential
49 GW (at 50 meter hub height)
Actual potential is much higher
Potential confined in 6
Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka,,
States
Maharashtra, Gujarat and Rajasthan
Tapped Potential
18 + GW; Current rate of deployment is > 3 GW
per year; India fifth in the World
Projected capacity: 30 GW by 2017 and 50 GW
by 2022
 Over 700 wind monitoring stations in 31
Wind Resource
States/UTs
Assessment :
 Eight handbooks on Wind Energy Resource
published
 Wind Atlas for the country has been
prepared
State-wise Capacity
Sl.
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
States
Andhra Pradesh
Gujarat
Karnataka
Kerala
Madhya Pradesh
Maharashtra
Rajasthan
Tamil Nadu
Others
Total
Capacity (MW)
(Upto June, 2012)
336
3065
2082
35
377
2801
2157
7150
4
18007
4.2 MW Wind Farm Project set up in Chitradurga District, Karnataka
Wind Power Technology in India
 Well established technology up to 2.5 MW single turbine
 250-2000 kW unit size being manufactured and
installed in the country
 40 turbine models, 18 manufacturers
 70 % indigenization achieved up to 500 kW. Import
contents high in higher capacity machines.
 Critical components such as gear box, rotor blades,
generators, controllers indigenized in last few years
 Exports to USA, Australia, China, South Korea, Japan, Sri
Lanka
11
Renewable Resources in India
II. Biomass Power
Assessed Potential
Tapped Potential
17 GW
(As per present estimate-from surplus
agro biomass)
2.3 GW
Projected capacity: 5 GW by 2017 and 8
GW by 2022
Biomass through dedicated energy plantation
2500 MW require 0.5 million hectare land with fast growing species
and some agro practices. Green Mission aims at 5-10 million hectare
land




These will be small 1-2 MW tail end plants
Save transmission losses by 7% better power factor
Facilitate electricity supply to rural areas
Bamboo forests regularly harvested would capture carbon efficiently (12
tonne/ha/yr against 0.5 to 1.5 tonne/ha/yr for other species)
Renewable Resources in India
III. Small Hydro Power
MNRE responsible for SHP upto 25 MW capacity.
Type
Use
Capacity
Water Mills
For local use
Up to 5 KW
Micro
Village electrification
Up to 100 kW
Mini
Village Electrification &
Grid
101 kW to 2000 kW
Small
Grid
2001 kW to 25000 kW
Small Hydro Power: Status
Assessed Potential
15 GW
Potential mainly in
Hilly states
J&K, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh,
NE States
Tapped Potential
3.4 GW
Projected Capacity: 5.5 GW by 2017,
8.5 GW by 2022
Strategy:
 Private sector participation
 Performance based incentivisation
 Low head SHP Projects on canals
SHP Technology
•
SHP technology fully mature in the country
•
Equipment efficiency > 85%.
•
Capacity Utilization Factor can be as high as 95%
•
Over 20 equipment manufacturers
•
Manufacturing capacity over 1000 MW
15
HYDRO PROJECTS
Renewable Energy Resources in India
IV. Solar Power
Estimated Potential
High Potential States
Tapped Potential (Grid
Power)
Solar Radiation
Resource Assessment:
30-50 MW/ sq. km
5,000 trillion KWh/year
Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Karnataka,
Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, and Rajasthan
1040 MW
Projected Capacity: 10 GW by 2017, 20
GW by 2022.
• IMD has 45 stations
• 51 Solar radiation monitoring stations
set up in high potential states through
CWET
• 60 additional stations are planned in
rest of the country.
Network of
Solar
Radiation
Monitoring
Stations in
India
National Solar Mission
• Launched by Hon’ble Prime
Minister on 11 January
2010 as JNNSM
• Mission aims to achieve
grid tariff parity by 2022
through
 Large scale utilization, rapid diffusion and deployment
at a scale which leads to cost reduction
 R&D, Pilot Projects and Technology Demonstration
 Local manufacturing and support infrastructure
19
Mission Road Map
Application
Segment
Target for
Phase I
(2010-13)
Cumulative
Target for
Phase 2
(2013-17)
Cumulative
Target for
Phase 3
(2017-22)
Grid solar power
(large plants, roof top
& distribution grid
plants)
1,100 MW
4,000 10,000 MW
20,000 MW
Off-grid solar
applications
Solar Thermal
Collectors (SWHs,
solar cooking/cooling,
Industrial process
heat applications etc.)
200 MW
1,000 MW
2,000 MW
7 million
sq meters
15 million
sq meters
20 million sq
meters
5 million
10 million
20 million
Solar Lighting
System
20
JNNSM : Phase-I, Batch-I
Scheme
Large PV projects
through NVVN
Projects
allotted
No. MW
Projects
Commissioned
No.
MW
Weighted
%
Average Reduction
bid tariff
in tariff
30
150
26
12.16
Rs. / Unit
32 %
Scheduled for
11.48
commissioning by Rs. / Unit
May 2013
106
268.3
25 %
130
SPV
13
54
2 Projects
Cancelled
11
48
ST
3
30
1
2.5
RPSSGP Scheme
(PV)
Solar Thermal
projects through
NVVN
Total
78
98
68
87.8
7
470
131
802
Migration
Scheme
-
JNNSM : Phase-I, Batch-II
Scheme
Large PV
projects
(connecte
d to 33 kV
or above
grid )
Projects
allotted
No.
MW
28
350
Projects
Commissioned
No.
MW
Bid tariff
Min.
Max.
Scheduled for
7.49
9.44
commissioning Rs. / Unit Rs. / Unit
by Feb. 2013
%
Reduct
ion in
Weighted tariff
average
8.77
Rs. / Unit
43 %
State-wise Installations
State/UT
MW
Andhra Pradesh
21.8
Chhattisgarh
4.0
Gujarat
690.0
Haryana
7.8
Jharkhand
16.0
Karnataka
14.0
Madhya Pradesh
7.4
Maharashtra
20.0
Orissa
13.0
TOTAL
State/UT
MW
Punjab
9.3
Rajasthan
198.7
Tamil Nadu
15.1
Uttar Pradesh
12.4
Uttarakhand
5.1
West Bengal
2.1
Andaman & Nicobar
0.1
Delhi
2.5
Lakshadweep
0.8
1040.66
Growth in Solar Power Installations
Cumulative Installed Solar Generation Capacity
(MW)
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
Capacity by June 2012 = 1030 MW
3
2008-09
11
36
2009-10
2010-11
930
2011-12
5 MWp Power Plant at Khimsar, Rajasthan
25
5 MW Projects
under JNNSM
Near Jodhpur,
Rajasthan
Pilot Solar Thermal Power Projects
 Four pilot projects on solar thermal technologies are proposed
viz.
Selected sites and Broad
Specifications
With hybrid cooling
Bhadla (Rajasthan)
Available Land Area: 150 ha
Reduced (<= 30%)
consumption of water
Capacity: 40 MW est. CUF: 29% est.
High operating temperature Charanka (Gujarat)
Available Land Area: 140 ha
(>=500ºC)
Higher efficiency
Capacity: 35 MW est. CUF : 30% est.
Large thermal storage
Nennala (Andhra Pradesh)
(about 8 hours)
Available Land Area: 160 ha
Capacity: 20 MW est. CUF : 65% est.
Large thermal storage
Terkuveerapandiyapuram
(Tamil
Base load
Nadu)
Available Land Area: 160 ha
Capacity: 25 MW est. CUF : 45% est.
Project
Off-grid Applications
• JNNSM has focus on promoting off-grid systems, which still require
interventions to bring down costs.
• Scheme is designed to provide an enabling framework and support
for entrepreneurs to develop markets.
• The scheme covers
– Off-grid and decentralized systems, including hybrid systems to meet/
supplement lighting, electricity/power, heating and cooling energy
requirements
– Solar PV systems / applications (maximum capacity 100 kWp per site)
– Mini-grids for rural electrification (maximum capacity 250 kW per site)
– All applications of solar energy to produce heat including steam
generation.
• Subsidy @30% of the cost (subject to benchmarks) is provided;
higher subsidy is provided in special category states including
north eastern states.
Solar PV for Rural Applications
 Village street lighting
 Home & community
lighting
 Water pumping systems
 Village power plants
 Vaccine refrigeration
 TV sets
 Radio receivers
 Solar lanterns
Solar PV for Industrial Applications
 Unmanned Off-shore Oil
Wellhead Platforms
 Battery Charging
Stations
 VLPTs For
Doordarshan
 Power Plants
 Defence Applications
 Railways
 Telecommunication
POWER PACK FOR TELECOM
TOWERS
SOLAR ROAD STUDS
SOLAR WATER PUMP AT
MUKERIAN, HOSHIARPUR,
PUNJAB
SOLAR STREETLIGHTS
SOLAR BLINKERS
RASHTRAPATI BHAWAN
50 KWP SPV POWER PLANT & 100 STREET LIGHTS
IN
50,000 LPD solar
water heating
system at a Textile
Factory at
Manesar
Solar steam system at
ITC Hotel, New Delhi
Solar steam cooking system at
Tirupati for 15000 people
Achievements
• Off-grid PV Applications
Year
Till March 2010
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
Target
Project
(MW) Sanctioned
(MW)
32
58
100
40.65
77.40
22.00
Projects
Installed
(MW)
59.00
10.79
20.20
6.50
• Solar Thermal Applications
• 5.95 million square meter of solar thermal collector
area installed so far cumulatively
New Schemes
 Mini / micro grid for energy access
 Solar parks
 Small capacity grid connected solar PV
plants for left over States
 Making available low cost solar lantern
 Roof top systems – grid tied
 Focus on industrial process heat systems
Manufacturing
 Manufacturing capacity of solar cells and solar modules
increased from 200 MW and 700 MW in 2009 to 500 MW
and 1250 MW respectively.
 Manufacturing of various raw materials, components,
devices and systems is coming up/expanding in the country
(Poly silicon, wafers, glass, EVA, back sheet, grid inverters
etc.)
 There is no customs & Excise duty on cells and modules;
recently, custom duty is also waived off on raw materials
required to manufacture cells and modules.
37
Research Infrastructure
(Universities/ R&D institutions)
• R&D Policy is in place to support projects in
Universities/ academic institutions, research labs and
in industries
• Overall goal is
– to develop solar energy applications having improved
performance, operability, reliability, and cost competitiveness.
– Achieving grid parity in the generation of solar electricity.
• Type of projects supported under the policy include
– Centres of excellence in thematic areas of research
– Applied research
– Technology validation and field evaluation
• Currently, 18 projects in photovoltaics and 17 in solar
thermal areas are under implementation
Institutional Arrangements
• Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI) has been set up
as a Company Not for Profit under Section 25 of Company
Act for implementation of activities under the Mission
• Solar Energy Research Advisory Council, Chaired by Dr.
Anil Kakodkar has been set up to advise on research policy
with a view to achieve Mission targets.
• Solar Energy Industry Advisory Council, Chaired by Shri
Anand Mahindra set up.
39
JNNSM – Phase 2 : Goals
 3,000 MW capacity to be supported by the Government of India
 Additional 6,000 MW is envisaged through Solar RPO
requirement
 Requirement of solar power capacity by 2017 is estimated to be
about 10000 MW.
 A demand of about 10,000 MW of solar power is expected to be
generated by 2017 assuming an yearly increase of solar RPO by
0.25 % and increase in conventional power capacity by 3%
 1000 MW off grid solar applications by 2017
 15 million square meters solar thermal collector area by 2017
Proposed Areas of Cooperation
• Manufacturing of entire value chain of solar PV and solar
thermal power systems
• Joint technology development for off-grid, thermal and grid
applications including
– High/ medium temperature thermal storage
– Cost effective solar desalination and solar cooling systems
– Balance of system for solar thermal applications viz. water
heating in high rise buildings, integration with conventional
steam generation systems in industries
– Low speed cut –off wind machines
– Low waste heat recovery technologies
• Joint validation of the new and emerging technologies
under Indian conditions
• Testing and standardization for solar concentrators
Incentives Available
• Reduced customs duty on all items of machinery required for
the initial setting up of a solar power generation project or
facility
• Exemption from excise duty on all items of machinery required
for the initial setting up of a solar power generation project or
facility
• Nil / concessional excise duty on manufacture of most
renewable energy systems / devices
• Income tax exemption for renewable power projects under
section 80 IA for 10 years
• Exemption from environment clearance for solar power projects
• 80% Accelerated depreciation
• Provision of RPOs and RECs