County Road Safety Plans
Experiences with Development and
Implementation
Richard (Rick) West, PE
Otter Tail County Public Works Director/County Engineer
2013 LTAP/TTAP National Conference
Boise, ID
July 22-25, 2013
Otter Tail County, MN
 Large rural county in West
Central MN
 Land Area – 2232 square miles
 Population – 58,000
 1048 Lakes
 Summer Population – 150,000
 62 Townships
 22 Cities
Otter Tail County Highway System
 1052 miles of County Highways
(all paved)
 2427 miles of Township Roads
 142 Bridges
 One third of County system has 11
foot lanes and 2 foot gravel
shoulders.
 707 Horizontal Curves
MN Counties Safety Background
2004 – 2011
 Traffic Safety Showcase – Mendocino Co, CA
 MN County Engineers Highway Safety Committee
 Local road safety research/implementation projects by MN
Local Road Research Board
 Development of the MN Crash Mapping Analysis Tool
 Safe Communities Coalitions
 Strong relationships with Mn LTAP, Mn/DOT, FHWA, NACE,
and ATSSA
 Counties involved in Mn/DOT TZD efforts from beginning
(MN North Star Conference)
Summary of the findings of the
Otter Tail County Fatal Review Committee
January 1 – December 31, 2010
Item
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
Specific Area Reported
Number
Total drivers & passengers killed
14
Total motor vehicle crashes resulting in fatalities
12
Multi-vehicle crashes
2
Single vehicle crashes
10
Drivers killed (14 total drivers involved)
8
Passengers killed
3
Pedestrians killed
3
Victims ejected and not wearing seatbelts when belts were
3
available (3 of 4 not belted)
Fatal crashes involving motorcycles/ATVs
3
Motorcycle/ATV fatalities w/no helmet use (3 of 3)
3
Crashes with impaired drivers
7
Crashes occurring on curves
2
Crashes where speed was a likely contributing factor
5
Crashes weather/road conditions were factor
2
Crashes with driver medical conditions a factor
2
Drivers charged in criminal court
3
Deceased victims who were local OTC residents
11
Crashes caused by failure to yield right of way
2
Deaths caused by run off the road crashes
9
Deaths resulting with speed as a contributing factor
6
Crashes occurring on township roads
4
Crashes occurring on County Highways
3
Crashes occurring on State Highways
3
Crashes occurring on interstate highways
1
Crashes occurring on private roadways
1
Sex of deceased victims: 12 male (86%); 2 female (14%)
Sex of vehicle drivers: 12 male (86%); 2 female (14%)
Age of ATM/Motorcycle crash victims: 15 – 62 (actual ages: 15, 55, 62)
Age range of impaired drivers: 17-62 (actual ages: 17, 21, 33, 48, 55, 59, 62)
Age of All Drivers
(total drivers involved=14)
Age 15 – 24
Age 25 – 55
Age 56- 79
Age 80 +
Number
Percentage
4
5
5
0
28%
36%
36%
0%
Time of Crashes
6 PM – Midnight
Midnight – 6AM
6AM – 6 PM
Number
7
1
4
Percentage
58%
8%
33%
Impairments contributing to deaths of crash victims:
Alcohol: 6 (43%)
Huffing: 1 (7%)
Prescription meds: 2 (14%)
THC: 2 (14%)
Percentage
100%
100%
17%
83%
58%
21%
21%
75%
21%
100%
58%
17%
42%
17%
17%
21%
79%
17%
64%
43%
33%
25%
25%
8%
8%
MN LRRB Safety-Related Projects
Advanced Dynamic LED Warning Signs for Rural Intersections Powered by Renewable Energy (2007
and 2011)
Development of a digital highway framework to facilitate crash avoidance systems: Serving county
roads (2012)
Analysis of Highway Design and Geometric Effects on Crashes (2010)
MN Crash Mapping Tool (2008)
Rural Road Safety Solutions Workshops (2008)
Maintain a Safer Roadway Workshops (2010)
Estimating the Crash Reduction and Vehicle Dynamic Effects of Flashing LED Stop Signs (2009)
Best Practices and Policy Guidance County Roadway Safety(2011)
Best Practices for Sign Reduction on the Local System (2011)
Lighting Levels for Isolated Intersections Leading to Safety Improvements (2012)
Traffic Sign Life Expectancy (2012)
Minnesota Crash Mapping Analysis
Tool (MnCMAT)

In order to assist cities and counties in gaining a better
understanding of crash characteristics on their systems,
Minnesota Local Road Research Board and Minnesota
County Engineers Association (MCEA) have made the
MnCMAT tool available

Map–based computer application that provides 10 years of
crash data for every roadway in Minnesota

Individual crashes are spatially located by reference point
along all roadways

Up to 67 pieces of information are provided for each crash,
including route, location (reference point), date/day/time,
severity, vehicle actions, crash causation, weather, road
characteristics, and driver condition

Analysts can select specific intersections or roadway
segments for study. An overview of the entire county, city,
MnDOT district or tribal government can also be
generated.
Minnesota Crash Mapping Analysis
Tool (MnCMAT)

The recommended analytical process for
conducting a safety/crash study is to
compare Actual conditions at a specific
location (intersection or segment of
highway) compared to Expected
conditions (based on documenting the
average characteristics for a large system
of similar facilities).

MnCMAT supports this analytical process
by providing both the data for individual
locations and for larger systems –
individual or multiple counties.

For more information about MnCMAT,
consult the website:
http://www.dot.state.mn.us/stateaid/sa_c
rashmapping.html
Greater Minnesota Crash Data Overview
Source: MnCMAT Crash Data, 2004-2008
Severe is fatal and serious injury crashes (K+A).
5 Year Crashes
165,739
5,770
Example
All – %
Severe – %
State System
76,992 – 46%
2,362 – 41%
-ATP’s 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, and 8 – NO Metro
CSAH/CR
39,073 – 24%
2,242 – 39%
City, Twnshp, Other
49,674 – 30%
1,166 – 20%
Rural
24,474 – 63%
1,860 – 83%
Urban
14,599 – 37%
382 – 17%
Not Inters-Related
5,271 – 36%
199 – 52%
Unknown/Other
1,880 – 13%
23 – 6%
Animal
4,407 – 18%
74 – 4%
Inters-Related
7,448 – 51%
160 – 42%
Inters-Related
5,938 – 30%
535 – 30%
Run Off Road – 1,283 (24%), 74 (37%)
Head On – 361 (7%), 27 (14%)
Rear End – 1,315 (25%), 21 (11%)
Right Angle – 529 (10%), 18 (9%)
Other/Unknown
2,755 – 47%
248 – 46%
Signalized
2,189 – 29%
36 – 22%
All Way Stop
438 – 6%
6 – 4%
Thru-Stop
2,810 – 38%
70 – 44%
Right Angle – 651 (30%), 20 (56%)
Rear End – 753 (34%), 5 (14%)
Left Turn – 361 (17%), 4 (11%)
Head On – 70 (3%), 2 (6%)
Other/Unknown
2,011 – 27%
48 – 30%
Unknown/Other
1,502 – 7%
66 – 4%
Signalized All Way Stop Thru-Stop
249 – 4%
199 – 3%
2,735 – 46%
5 – 1%
19 – 4%
263 – 49%
Run Off Road – 1,047 (38%), 93 (38%)
Right Angle – 297 (11%), 50 (20%)
Head On – 119 (4%), 26 (11%)
Left Turn – 186 (7%), 20 (8%)
Right Angle – 1,359 (48%), 41 (59%)
Head On – 70 (3%), 7 (10%)
Left Turn – 283 (10%), 4 (6%)
Rear End – 368 (13%), 4 (6%)
Not Animal
20,067 – 82%
1,786 – 96%
Not Inters-Related
12,627 – 63%
1,185 – 66%
Head On, SS Opp
821 – 7%
129 – 11%
Run Off Road
8,367 – 66%
790 – 67%
On Curve
284 – 35%
47 – 36%
On Curve
3,550 – 42%
399 – 51%
Right Angle – 968 (35%), 145 (55%)
Run Off Road – 360 (13%), 23 (9%)
Left Turn – 183 (7%), 11 (4%)
Rear End – 287 (11%), 8 (3%)
Severe Injury Crash Density
(Howard Preston, CH2M Hill)
Minnesota
State
(2-lane)
County
(All Rural Roads)
County
(Rural Paved)
County
(High Priority Rural Paved
- 4 and 5 Star)
Miles
8,760
34,700
21,760
2,820
No. of Severe Injuries
1320
2510
2247
569
Severe Injury Density
0.15
0.07
0.10
0.20
Project Approach
Month 1
Month 4
Month 5
Month 5
Crash
Analysis
Select Safety
Emphasis
Areas
Develop
Comprehensive
List of Safety
Strategies
Safety
Workshop
Kick-off Video
Conference
Review Mtg
w/ Counties
Project Programming
Project Development
Implementation
Evaluation
Refinement & Update
SHSP
Month 9
Safety Plan
Month 7
Identify
Safety
Projects
Identify
Short List
of Critical
Strategies
Month 6
Plan Contents

Description of Safety Emphasis Areas.

Identification of high priority, low cost Safety
Strategies.

Documentation of at-risk locations on roadway
segments, horizontal curves, and intersections
based on crash data.

Development of $7,200,000. of suggested safety
projects.

Cost of plan development - $40,000.
Risk Factors
Intersections (244)
 Geometry – Inter. Skew
 Geometry – Roadway (on or
near curve)
 Commercial Development in
Quadrants
 Distance to Previous STOP
 ADT Ratio
 R/R Crossing on Min. Appr.
 Crash History
Curves (707)





Curve Radius
Traffic Volumes
Intersection in Curve
Visual Trap
Crash Experience
Risk Factors
Segments





ADT Range
Access Density
Road Departure Density
Critical Radius Curve Density
Edge Risk
Summary of Results from Prioritized
Segments
Otter Tail County High Priority
Segment Map
Otter Tail County Segment Project
Summary
Sample
Segment
Project Form
2009-10 District 4 HSIP






Lane Marking and Curve Enhancements
12 counties
1670 miles of 6 inch edge lines
46 miles of Rumble StripEs
325 Horizontal Curves – 2267 chevrons
Contract - $1.6 million
D4 County Intersection Lighting
Project
 Scope
 Six Counties
 30 Intersections
 Install Overhead Lighting
at Intersections
 Cost
 $360,000.
Otter Tail County Intersection Signing
Upgrade Project
 Scope





County Wide
91 Intersections
TH Junction Signs
Stop Ahead Markings
Stop Bars
 Cost
 $158,000.
Otter Tail County CSAH Shoulder
Paving/Rumble Stripe Project
 Scope





CSAH 9
5.3 Miles
4’ Paved Shoulder
1’ Rumble
6” Stripe
 Cost
 $293,000.
Future HSIP Projects
Otter Tail County Projects - Summary
HSIP 2014 - 2016
Priority
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Focus Area
Lane Departure
Lane Departure
Intersection Improvements
Lane Departure
Lane Departure
Lane Departure
Intersection Improvements
Lane Departure
Lane Departure
Lane Departure
Lane Departure
Locations Cost
13
19
44
25
42
59
21
78
48
42
50
$348,580.00
$349,835.00
$104,750.00
$82,500.00
$283,052.00
$344,064.00
$203,000.00
$332,450.00
$322,065.00
$264,964.00
$314,661.00
Federal
$313,722.00
$314,851.50
$94,275.00
$74,250.00
$254,746.80
$309,657.60
$182,700.00
$299,205.00
$289,858.50
$238,467.60
$283,194.90
Local
Work Type
$34,858.00 Enhanced Edge Line Markings - Phase I
$34,983.50 Enhanced Edge Line Markings - Phase II
$10,475.00 Enhaned Signage and Marking
$8,250.00 Chevron Installation on Curves
$28,305.20 Shoulder Paving and Rumble Strips on Curves - Phase IA
$34,406.40 Shoulder Paving and Rumble Strips on Curves - Phase IB
$20,300.00 Lighting
$33,245.00 Shoulder Paving and Rumble Strips on Curves - Phase IIA
$32,206.50 Shoulder Paving and Rumble Strips on Curves - Phase IIB
$26,496.40 Shoulder Paving and Rumble Strips on Curves - Phase IIC
$31,466.10 Shoulder Paving and Rumble Strips on Curves - Phase IID
441 $2,949,921.00 $2,654,928.90 $294,992.10
Summary
 Provides information to educate the County Board
and the public.
 Provides data sheets for HSIP funding applications.
 Provides practitioners with a detailed, prioritized
county-wide, safety plan to guide and support future
safety investments.
 The benefits far out weigh the challenges.
Websites
 Otter Tail County Roadway Safety Plan: Mn/DOT
Office of State-Aid: www.dot.state.mn.us/stateaid or
rwest@co.ottertail.mn.us.
 MN Best Practices and Policies for Safety Strategies
on Highways and Local Roads: Same as above.
 Or my friend Google.
Thank you
Richard West
Otter Tail County Public Works
Director/County Engineer
Phone: 218-998-8473
Email: rwest@co.ottertail.mn.us
Address: 505 S. Court St., Suite 1
Fergus Falls, MN 56537