Jalta Conference
Eurasian Vector of Development: Problems and Perspective
Jalta – 16-20 October 2012
EURASIAN INTEGRATION AS A NEW CLUSTER
IN A CHANGING WORLD
Theoretical and Operational Aspects
Tiberio Graziani
IsAG – Istituto di Alti Studi in Geopolitica e Scienze Ausiliarie
Institute for Advanced Studies in Geopolitics and Auxiliary Sciences
Rome – Italy
tiberio.graziani@istituto-geopolitica.eu
Theoretical
New Geo-economic / Geopolitical Clusters
The emergence of new geo-economic and geopolitical
clusters at global level such as BRICS, Eurasian Union,
ASEAN, UNASUR oblige the observers to reconsider
their analytical apparatus of the XX Century (by now
obsolete), in order to deeply understand the whole world process
and better interpret the upcoming multipolar scenario. The
geopolitical transformations are influencing also the traditional
perspectives and the so far known geopolitical paradigms. A new
continentalist (and or macro-regionalist) approach
seems to be more and more appropriate for
understanding the world framework.
Theoretical
New Geo-economic / geopolitical clusters vs National interest
The “national approach” (in operational terms, the national interest
perspective) has to be reconsidered within the wider geopolitical
entity (macro-region, subcontinent, continent).
The National aspiration as a element for the cohesion of the wider
geopolitical entity.
Theoretical
New Geo-economic / geopolitical clusters
Toward a new geopolitical paradigm
Criticism of:
•a)
•b)
•c)
centre-periphery model
networking model
multi-centre model
Theoretical
GEOPOLITICAL SHIFT
UNI-MULTIPOLAR TRANSITION
New tensions
Fragmentation (conservative trend) vs Clustering/Integration
(emerging trend)
Theoretical
GEOPOLITICAL SHIFT
UNI-MULTIPOLAR TRANSITION
•New tensions
Fragmentation (conservative trend) geopolitical Approach
(FA)
Based on Praxis – on long Theoretical sedimentation (e.g.
arches of crisis; clash of Civilizations)
Clustering/Integration geopolitical Approach (IA) on macroregion or continent basis is in progress (lack of theory –
theory in construction)
Theoretical
GEOPOLITICAL SHIFT
UNI-MULTIPOLAR TRANSITION
•New tensions
Fragmentation (conservative trend) geopolitical Approach
(FA) - characters
Arches of crisis; Alash of Civilizations)
Clustering/Integration geopolitical Approach (IA)
characters
Hinge; Common cultural substrate – Dialogue of Civilizations
Theoretical
MULTIPOLAR SYSTEM
•The new macro-aggregates geopolitical define, in some respects
(mainly economic, demographic, geo-cultural), the feature of the
New Multipolar Order.
We must reflect on the type of Multipolarity We want.
Some aspects to be considered:
Security
Geo-culture
Geopolitic
Law
Theoretical
MULTIPOLAR SYSTEM
With regard to security:
priority is the study of the protection of geo-strategic interests of
large spaces (macro-regional, subcontinental, continental).
This implies a rethinking of the systems of military (and
diplomatic) alliances currently in force.
Theoretical
MULTIPOLAR SYSTEM
In relation to the geo-cultural aspects We must reflect on the
"spiritual unity of cultures" in order to define the criteria and the
appropriate practices to be adopted for the creation of an
authentic and harmonious coexistence between different
peoples;
criteria based on the preservation of different identities and,
above all - from the particular point of view of geopolitics - on
the membership of different people to a common destiny.
Theoretical
MULTIPOLAR SYSTEM
Geopolitics and management of Public Affairs
We must take into account that, in the framework of the new multipolar
order, geopolitics will extended its field of investigation, which, in
addition to the "construction" of possible geopolitical scenarios and the
definition of appropriate guidelines to implement them, will also
include the definition of proposals and "policies" in order to manage
the macro-regional or continental interests.
Theoretical
MULTIPOLAR SYSTEM
From International Law …Towards a…Multipolar Law
Each “geopolitica era" has always expressed its law designed to
regulate relations between the various geo-political entities.
In the era of multipolarity is therefore important to identify the
elements which could constitute the backbone of the new right
Operational
EURASIAN INTEGRATION
In order the Eurasian integration will be effective, we need to
identify priority actions to be put in place.
These include: trade; mobility infrastructures; finance; research
and technology; security; diplomacy; culture and education.
Operational
EURASIAN INTEGRATION
Facilitation of trade among the Euro-Asian components
Establishment of Eurasian Agency for the development
of the processes of standardization and certification of goods
and products.
European Union - Eurasian Union Joint Commission
for the processes of standardization and certification processes of
goods and products.
.
Operational
EURASIAN INTEGRATION
Infrastructures for mobility
Implementation and development of common infrastructure related
to the mobility of people and goods in the Euro-Asian space.
Definitions of "Eurasian" regulations in terms of mobility.
Construction and development of "points of contact and exchange"
(FTAreas) between the Eurasian Union and the European Union.
.
Operational
EURASIAN INTEGRATION
Financial infrastructure
Evolution of Eurasian Development Bank in financial
infrastructure for the different Euro-Asian components
(including the European Union).
Procedures for the construction of Eurasian Stock Excjange
WTO
Raise awareness among the European media on whether the
entry of countries such as Belarus and Kazakhstan to the WTO.
Operational
EURASIAN INTEGRATION
Search: creation of the Eurasian Space of Science and
Technology
Research and technology are one of the most incisive element for
the expansion of geopolitical spaces. Within the Eurasian Area
the creation of a common space of research and technology is
prioryti. The road map as follows:
- Strengthening of scientific/technology contacts between
Belarus, Russia and Kazakhstan;
- Implementation of relations in the field of research and
technology, between the Eurasian Union, Ukraine, India, China,
Japan and the European Union.
It is necessary to establish a digital platform dedicated to
Eurasian Space Science and Technology
Operational
EURASIAN INTEGRATION
Security Policy
Need to prepare a Securuty device to protect the entire Eurasian
landmass;
Raise awareness among the European media enlargement of the
UN Security Council to countries such as Kazhkstan, and
European countries such as Italy (Mediterranean Area – Central
Asia Area).
Repositioning of NATO in coherence with others Partnerships
such as Russia -NATO, CSTO, SCO, etc.
Operational
EURASIAN INTEGRATION
Eurasian Diplomacy
Need for consistency of the Eurasian "diplomacy" in order to
resolve the ongoing tensions for the strategical stability of the
Continent.
Operational
EURASIAN INTEGRATION
Culture and Education
Renonce of self-views (eg Euro-centric – Russian-centric – Sinocentric etc.).
Overcome national egoism; reconcile the legitimate national
aspirations in view of the Eurasian cohesion.
Establishment of a
Euro-Asian Agency for the development of culture and education.
The priorities of the Agency should be:
- Creation and development of Think Tanks aimed at Eurasian
integration;
- The establishment and development of Euro-Asian Polytechnics;
- Creation and development of appropriate Centers dedicated to
solidarist economy.
Operational
EURASIAN INTEGRATION
Regarding the steps for accompanying the above
outlined, it is necessary:
Developing dialogue between the different
Eurasian Nations;
- Deepen the relations between Eurasian Union
and BRICS Countries ;
- Engage a new dialogue between the Eurasian
countries and the European Union.
Thank you for your kind attention
Tiberio Graziani
IsAG – Istituto di Alti Studi in Geopolitica e Scienze
Ausiliarie
Institute for Advanced Studies in Geopolitics and
Auxiliary Sciences
Rome – Italy
tiberio.graziani@istituto-geopolitica.eu