Andrea White
28- year old female
 Experience strange “pins & needles” feeling in
hands and feet
 Very tired
 Feels weak when being active
 Feels depressed
 Vision getting worse
 Unsteadiness when walks
 Symptoms come and go
 Fatigue & balance problems
 Majority of time feels fine
 In high school was a gymnast
 Never had problems with balance before
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Multiple sclerosis is a condition that's called an autoimmune disease, a chronic
condition and a neurological disease.
Common symptoms Fatigue- Occurs in as many as 78% of patients, usually in the late afternoon
and often subsides in the early evening.
 Weakness
 Spasticity
 Balance problems- Balance problems without vertigo may be more constant,
causing the person to sway or stagger
 Bladder and bowel problems
 Numbness- 55% of patients have this symptom. Disturbances of feeling in the
extremities or the trunk such as tingling, crawling sensations, feelings of
swelling or numbness. Numbness also depends upon its cause. If severe
neurological damage to the myelin sheath takes place, then numbness may
remain.
 Vision loss
 Tremors
 Depression
 Tingling
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Relapsing-Remitting This is the most common form of
multiple sclerosis. About 85% of people with MS are
initially diagnosed. People with this have temporary
periods called relapses, flare-ups or exacerbations, when
new symptoms appear.
Secondary-Progressive symptoms worsen more steadily
over time, with or without the occurrence of relapses and
remissions. Most people who are diagnosed with RRMS will
transition to SPMS at some point
Primary-Progressive. This type if MS is not very common,
occurring in about 10% of people with MS. This is
characterized by slowly worsening symptoms from the
beginning, with no relapses or remissions
Progressive-Relapsing A rare form of MS (5%), PRMS is
characterized by a steadily worsening disease state from
the beginning, with acute relapses but no remissions, with
or without recovery
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Vision- Occipital Lobe of Cerebrum
Muscle Coordination- Cerebellum
Happiness- Amygdala & frontal lobe of cerebrum
Sleeping- Brain stem & Pineal gland
Balance when walking- Cerebrum
Bodily sensations, Pain- Parietal Lobe of Cerebrum
LESION LOCATION:
Cerebrum &
Cerebellum
Motor nerve
tracts
SIGNS/SYMPTOMS:
Balance problems, speech problems,
coordination, tremors
Muscle weakness, spasticity paralysis, vision
problems, bladder, bowel problems
Sensory nerve Altered sensation, numbness, prickling, burning
tract
sensation
 Most
likely MS occurs as a result of some
combination of genetic, environmental and
infectious factors, and possibly other factors
like vascular problems. Epidemiological
studies of MS have provided hints on possible
causes for the disease. Theories try to
combine the known data into plausible
explanations, but none has proved definitive.
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Life expectance 5-10 years
MS can also lead to some major life changes such as loss of mobility and
interference with work. Thus the person with MS faces significant
challenges in coping with a potentially stressful life.
STRESS!!
Have to participate in stress management.
Inappropriate behavior
Loss of interest
Emotional lack
Adjustment to disability
Fear of injury
Fear of change
Clarification of functional limitations
Factors affecting motivation and benefits of working
Employer and worker expectations
Resume and cover letter writing
Job interviewing
Job accommodations (American Disabilities Act)
A
few different treatments but no CURE
 Main treatment is Interferon Beta 1A:
 Is a drug in the used to treat (MS).It is
produced by mammalian cells, while
Interferon Beta 1b is produced in modified E
coil. Interferon's have been shown to
produce about a 18–38% reduction in the rate
of MS relapses. There is currently no cure for
MS. Starting a course of interferon's early
may slow its progress.
 Medicine for depression
 Multiple
sclerosis is an autoimmune and
neurologic condition. Usually, neurologists
are more familiar with multiple sclerosis and
they are the ones who diagnose it. This is
due to the fact that MS scars the brain, and
this can be easily seen on and MRI.
 Neurologist
Physician specialized in neurology and trained to
investigate and diagnose and treat neurological
disorders.
 Also,
after being treated with MS it is
recommended that you see an emotion
coach/ therapist