Earth Condominium
International Conference
17-19 May 2012
Advocating for
Social Sustainability
and Inclusive Growth:
Emerging Ideas
Changing Realities
Francisco Filho
Catholic University of Brasilia and
International Policy Centre for
Inclusive Growth (IPC-IG)
Gaia, Portugal – 18 May 2012
Outline
First Section - Social Sustainability:
Addressing the Poverty-Environment Nexus
Second Section - Inclusive Growth and Green
Economy: The Role of Productive Inclusion
Third Section - Communicating for Change
Delegates of the VietnamStudy
Tour on Social Inclusion of Ethnic
Minorities visit favelas in Rio de
Janeiro, Brazil
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Social Sustainability
Key issues:
 Recognition of the interdependence of 4 components: Growth,
Poverty, Environment and Gender.
 Acceptance that socially-blind policies are unlikely to be neither
sustained nor sustainable.
 Clear focus on sustaining green economy in society: Focus on
well-being and human development.
Learn more: IPC-IG Poverty in Focus Magazine on the
Dimensions of Inclusive Development discusses the emerging
concept of social sustainability and presents various
perspectives from the Global South.
2
Poverty and the Environment
Key issues:
 Understanding the complex dynamics
of resource use and depletion by the
poor and the poorest.
 Understanding the heterogeneity of the
poor and the complexity of their
interactions with the environment at
local level.
 Taking into account local consumption
patterns and the values attached to
them.
3
Inclusive Growth: Concepts and Definitions
Ali and Son (2007): (i) an increase in the average opportunities available to the population; and (ii)
improvement in the equitability of the distribution of opportunities among the population.
Ianchovichina and Lundstrom (2009): “In short, inclusive growth is about raising the pace of growth
and enlarging the size of the economy, while leveling the playing field for investment and increasing
productive employment opportunities.”
Rauniyar and Kanbur (2010): “growth […] accompanied by lower income inequality, so that the
increment of income accrues disproportionately to those with lower incomes.”
Habito (2010): “GDP growth that leads to significant poverty reduction.”
McKinley (2010): “(i) achieving sustainable growth that will create and expand economic opportunities,
and (ii) ensuring broader access to these opportunities so that members of society can participate in
and benefit from growth.”
Klasen (2010): “…in terms of outcome, inclusive growth could be termed ‘disadvantage-reducing’
growth.”
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The Global South Context
IPC-IG’s approach
IPC-IG’s work on inclusive growth starts from the
premise that societies based on equality tend to
perform better in development and that long-term
public investments on comprehensive social
protection and promotion is a necessary
condition to achieving sustainable and inclusive
growth.
Learn more about
IPC-IG’s work
on Inclusive Growth
A debate from the Global South
A policy debate that emerged in the South: India,
China, Brazil, South Africa, Indonesia, Turkey
Inclusive growth seen as both an outcome and
a process, requiring benefit-sharing and
participation.
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Inclusive Growth indicators in selected Emerging Economies
Annual GDP growth 2002-2009
(% per year)
Change in the Gini index of the
household per capita income in the
2000s (%)
Brazil
3.7
-9
Chile
4.2
-6
Colombia
4.4
-1
Mexico
2.8
-6
Peru
5.6
-13
Countries
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Inclusive Growth indicators in selected Emerging Economies
From
1996 to
Avg.
most
Gini Poverty GDP
recent: Change Change growth
Argentina
Brazil
China
Egypt
India
Indonesia
S. Africa
Thailand
Turkey
Vietnam
2008
2008
2005
2008
2005
2008
2005
2004
2008
2006
-4%
-9%
10%
-16%
-1%
3%
4%
-14%
-13%
13%
23%
-54%
-44%
-30%
-7%
-27%
-99%
-34%
-8%
-51%
5%
6%
9%
3%
6%
4%
3%
9%
4%
7%
7
Inclusive Growth indicators in selected Emerging Economies
28%
Poverty (<2US$/day) Performance
Argentina
8%
-12%
-32%
India
Turkey
Indonesia
Egypt
China
Thailand
-52%
Vietnam
Brazil
-72%
-92%
S. Africa
-112%
-19%
-14%
Bubble size: GDP growth
-9%
-4%
1%
6%
11%
16%
Gini Performance
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Inclusive Growth and Green Economy
Policy questions:

How can investments in green economy
help promote inclusive growth?

Is inclusive growth a necessary condition
for a transition towards a green economy?
Key elements for discussion:

Productive Inclusion: Learn more here.

Integration of the
economic/social/environment dimensions
into policymaking

The role of public communications and
adocacy for policy change
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Productive Inclusion
Key components:
 A framework of policy interventions aimed at promoting Social
Inclusion via the generation of new employment opportunities
for the poor and the vulnerable so as to ensure a sustained and
inclusive growth process.
Focus on rural growth; family agriculture; extreme poverty
eradication.
 Addressing the structural factors that create and perpetuate
inequality:
The role of the State in expanding access to quality
education; ensuring social transfers; affirmative actions; specific
policies for ethnic minorities and forest peoples.
10
Productive Inclusion
Innovative approaches in Brazil:
 Food Acquisition Programme (PAA) - Agro-ecology
component
 National Biofuels Programme (PNB)
11
Communications and Advocacy for Change
Key issues:
 Agenda-Setting: The complexity
of strategic engagement with
stakeholders – Media, CSOs,
Public Intellectuals
 Positive payoffs to be maximized
in the short term.
 The local to the global:
Supporting innovations and giving
voice to change catalyzers.
12
Case studies: Communications and Advocacy for Change
Ongoing research at UCB: The environmental and the social in the
Brazilian media.
 Analysis of media coverage: Can the social help raise
awareness of the environmental?
Media and collective action: Has the coverage been supportive
to individual or collective action?
Green Economy and Sustainable Development: Differences in
media perception and media friendliness
The case of green washing: Different patterns in Brazil and the US
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IPC-IG Knowledge Materials and References
 Green Equity: Environmental Justice for more Inclusive Growth – Kishan
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Koday and Leisa Perch
Understanding the Socio-Environmental Policy Space – Leisa Perch
Social Policies and the Fall in Inequality in Brazil: Achievements and
Challenges – Pedro Ferreira de Souza
Development from Below: Social Accountability in Natural Resource
Management – Kishan Koday and Leisa Perch
Dimensions of Inclusive Development – Leisa Perch and Gabriel Labbate
Public Support to Food Security in India, Brazil and South Africa: Elements
for a Policy Dialogue – Darana Souza and Danuta Chmielewska
The Consolidation of Social Assistance in Brazil and Its Challenges, 1988–
2008 - Luciana Jaccoud, Patricia Dario El-Moor Hadjab, Juliana Rochet
Chaibub
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Obrigado!
francisco.filho@ipc-undp.org
+ 55 61 2105 5000
www.ipc-undp.org
@UNDP_IPC
Photos: Humanizing Development
Global Photography Campaign,
IPC-IG
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