Chapter 1
Making Wellness a
Lifestyle
Objectives
1.
3.
4.
Explain the physical, mental and social aspects of
wellness.
2.
List factors that contribute to disease.
Predict how lifestyle choices you make will affect your
health.
Describe the relationship between nutrition and health.
Introduction
What are some factors
that influence teens’
health-related
choices?
What are some specific
ways teenagers can learn
to increase individual
responsibility for healthrelated choices?
Activity
Worksheet:
Lifestyle Assessment
(10 minutes)
Discussion
What Does Wellness Mean?
wellness: state of being in good health
quality of life: a person’s satisfaction with
his/her looks, lifestyle and responses to daily
events
When people are in good health:
•they have a desire to stay fit
and live a healthy lifestyle
When people are not in
good health:
•they are energetic and have an
enthusiastic outlook
•they are able to successfully
meet the challenges of each
day
•life’s events become
harder to manage
•there is a decrease in the
quality of life
The Wellness Continuum
You can use a continuum to define
your personal state of wellness.
premature death: death that occurs due to lifestyle
behaviors that lead to fatal accident or the formation
of an avoidable disease
optimum health: a state of wellness characterized by
peak physical, mental and social well-being
Your health status determines your
place along the wellness continuum.
The Wellness Continuum
Premature Death
Optimum Health
low energy level
moderate energy
level
high energy level
frequent illness
some illness
infrequent illness
and quick
recovery from
illness
inferior stress
management
skills
average stress
management
skills
superior stress
management
skills
poor social
relationships
fair social
relationships
excellent social
relationships
Objectives
1. Explain the physical, mental and
social aspects of wellness.
2. List factors that contribute to disease.
3. Predict how lifestyle choices you make
will affect your health.
4. Describe the relationship between
nutrition and health.
Review
What is the difference
between wellness and
quality of life?
What causes
premature
death?
What are some
characteristics of
optimum health?
Activity
Worksheet:
Lifestyle Choices for
Wellness
(10-15 minutes)
Three Major Components of
Wellness
Physical Health
•fitness of your body
What factors can harm your
physical health?
Social Health
•the way you get
along with others
•related to
understanding and
accepting roles
Mental Health
•related to the way you feel
about yourself, your life and
the world around you
How can you improve your
mental health?
Holistic Approach to Wellness
holistic medicine: an approach to health care that focuses on all
aspect of patient care—physical, mental and social
Physical
Health
W
E
L
L
N
E
S
S
Mental
Health
Social
Health
Factors that Affect Wellness
Why is it important to
recognize the impact of
health-related
issues in the teen years?
Your present actions
and attitudes are
shaping the person
you will become in
the future
Factors that Contribute to
Disease
risk factor: a characteristic or behavior that influences
a person’s chance of getting a disease
•unhealthy lifestyle choices
•poor environmental quality
•inadequate health care
•heredity
Factors that Contribute to
Disease—Unhealthy Lifestyle
Choices
Three major causes of death
among adults:
•heart disease
•cancer
•stroke
**the CDC estimates lifestyle
choices account for about half
the factors contributing to these
diseases
Unhealthy lifestyle
choices:
•nutrition
•stress management
•exercise
Factors that Contribute to
Disease—Poor Environmental
Quality
environmental quality: the state of the
physical world around you
Includes the safety of:
•the water you drink
•the air you breath
•the food you eat
Factors that Contribute to
Disease—Inadequate Health
Care
•accounts for about 10% of the risk factors that
contribute to leading causes of death
Causes of inadequate health care:
•failure to diagnose, or recognize, a disease early enough
•lack of specialists or equipment at health care facilities
•poorly managed facilities
•improperly given treatments
•failure to get check-ups
•lack of health insurance or money to pay for treatment
Factors that Contribute to
Disease—Heredity
•accounts for 25% of the factors
that contribute to the leading
causes of death
•beyond your control (genetics)
How can you combat
heredity?
Health-Promoting Choices
You have control over the factors that
influence your health.
Experts have identified certain behaviors
that make a difference in people’s quality
of life.
•choose a healthy lifestyle
•resist negative peer pressure
•improve your environment
•choose quality health care
Health-Promoting Choices:
Choose a Healthy Lifestyle
diet: all the foods and beverages you consume
Healthy lifestyle practices:
•provide your body with fuel throughout the day by eating 3 or
more regularly spaced meals, including breakfast
•sleep 8-9 hours each night
•maintain a healthy weight
•exercise most days of the week for at least 20 minutes
•do not smoke
•avoid drinking alcoholic beverages
•do not use street drugs
Health-Promoting Choices:
Resist Negative Peer
Pressure
peer pressure: the influence people in
your age and social group have on your
behavior
How to combat negative peer
pressure:
•self-confidence
•strong enough to say “no” to
what you consider to be a poor
choice
Health-Promoting Choices:
Improve Your Environment
•carpool or take
public transportation
to avoid polluting the
air with car exhaust
•use cleaning
products that will
not pollute water
supplies
•handle food carefully to
avoid contamination that
can cause illness
Health-Promoting Choices:
Choose Quality Health Care
•select a physician who
specializes in your particular
health care needs
•choose facilities that have a
reputation for offering quality
health care
•see your doctor for regular
checkups
•seek your doctor’s advice
when first noticing a health
problem
•when you visit your doctor,
describe your symptoms
accurately and completely
Making a Change
Changing one behavior can affect all
aspects of your health.
Worksheet:
My Plan for Wellness and
Behavior Change Contract
(15-20 minutes)
Objectives
1.Predict how lifestyle choices you
make will affect your health.
2.Describe the relationship between
nutrition and health.
Review
Name some healthy
lifestyle choices?
Define the following:
What are some
factors that
contribute to
disease?
•physical health
•mental health
•social health
Describe some
characteristics of quality
health care.
Nutrition and Wellness
One factor shown to have a
big impact on wellness is
nutrition.
nutrition: the sum of the processes by which a
person takes in food and uses food substances
nutrients: the basic components of food that
nourish the body
•eating specific foods cannot
cause or prevent certain
diseases
•following certain eating patterns
tends to increase or decrease a
person’s chance of illness
Evaluating Research Reports
•studies should be replicated
•examine what’s in a research article
•who speaks on nutrition must be reliable
(e.g., doctors, registered dieticians)
•when looking at nutrition claims, ask:
•is if from a peer review journal?
•does the report describe purpose,
method & limitations?
•what was the type of population
studied?
•has there been previous research?
•does it make common sense?
Evaluating Research
Reports
A single study is not a
sufficient basis for
recommending changes
in behavior.
Activity
In lab groups, complete worksheet:
Evaluating Health and
Nutrition Information
(20-25 minutes)
Objectives
1.Predict how lifestyle choices you
make will affect your health.
2.Describe the relationship
between nutrition and health.
Review
What are
some
things to
keep in
mind when
evaluating
research
reports?
What is the difference
between nutrition and
nutrients?
Healthy Eating in the U.S.
Do you think that people in
the U.S. are eating as well as
they should?
Nutrition problems affecting the nation’s state
of wellness:
•about one-third of the people in the U.S. eat an
inadequate diet
•1 out of 3 adults is overweight; 1 out of 4 is more than
20% overweight
•popular lifestyles include less and less exercise
•important nutrients are missing from the diets of some
groups of people, such as teens and older adults
•fat, cholesterol, sodium and sugar intake are higher than
recommended
Healthy Eating in the U.S.
Why do you think
some of these
problems arise?
Reasons for nutrition problems in the U.S.:
•not have enough money to acquire
adequate nutrition
•lack of information and skills needed to
select a nutritious diet
•some people may not know they need to
make changes
•some people ignore current nutrition
recommendations
The Benefits of Healthy
Eating
life expectancy: the average length of life
of people living in the same environment
Life expectancy in the U.S.
is over 70 years.
Activity
Use the remainder of the
class period to complete the
review.