MICROORGANISMS
By Ms. Kinder
www.ovpr.uga.edu/.../ sum02art/bp_1bacteria.jpg
peer.tamu.edu/
Utah State
Standards
• Standard V: Students will understand
that microorganisms range from
simple to complex, are found almost
everywhere, and are both helpful and
harmful.
• Objective 2: Demonstrate the skills
needed to plan and conduct an experiment
to determine a microorganism’s
Intended Learning Outcomes:
• Use Science Process and Thinking Skills
• Plan and conduct simple experiments.
• Formulate simple research questions.
• Predict results of investigations based on prior
data.
• Use data to construct a reasonable conclusion.
www.the-ba.net
All bacteria have similar characteristics.
www.ou.edu/class/pheidole/
General%20Bacteria.jpg
•
They are made up of a single cell with a
cell wall and do not have a nucleus.
•
Some bacteria can make their own
food, but a large majority feed on other
organisms.
•
In addition, most bacteria need oxygen to
survive.
Bacteria are so small that about 1,000 could fit on
the head of a pin.
www.agen.ufl.edu
BACTERIA INFORMATION
• Bacteria are classified into three
groups according to their shape:
round (cocci), spiral (spirilla), and
rod (bacilli) shape.
– Some round shape bacteria can
cause infections in people.
– Some spiral shape bacteria are
used to make cheese.
– Some rod shaped bacteria have
been known to cause food
poisoning.
aquat1.ifas.ufl.edu/ guide/bacecoli.jpg
www.redcolony.com/ pics/content/bacteria.jpg
io.uwinnipeg.ca/.../ 27-03c-HelicalProkaryote.jpg
There are more than 10,000
kinds of bacteria and an
unknown number still waiting
to be discovered.
www.elements-of-design.net/
The human body has
more bacteria than it has
cells. An unborn baby is
completely free of bacteria,
but the instant they are born
they acquire billions of
bacteria. Bacteria are
essential for a healthy body.
www.pregnancy-leads-to-new-babies.com/ images/
• When people become sick, they go
to the doctor's office expecting a
miracle cure.
•
Most often, the best advice often
times is to go home, drink lots of
fluids and rest.
web.princeton.edu
• There is no medication available to
combat a viral infection.
• As a result, antibiotics are
becoming overprescribed and
misused. Over time, the microbes
will become resistant and the
antibiotics will become totally
ineffective.
www.medem.com/MEDEM/ images/
www.irishhealth.com
1. What is the function of
the cilia in the illustration?
A. To move the paramecium
B. To take in water
and
remove waste
C. To control cell division
D. To make food from
sunshine and air
ic.ucsc.edu/~wxcheng/ envs161/Lecture8/ciliate.jpg
Answer to: What is the function of the cilia
in the illustration?
A. To move the paramecium
B.
To take in water and remove
waste
C. To control cell division
D. To make food from sunshine
ic.ucsc.edu/~wxcheng/ envs161/Lecture8/ciliate.jpg
and air
2. Which of the following correctly
describes the size of fungi compared to
the size of bacteria?
A. Fungi are larger.
B. Bacteria are larger.
C. They are about the
same size.
D. They are the same
size but different
shapes.
BACTERIA
www.dph.state.ct.us/ BRS/food/bacteria.JPG
FUNGI
www.lakelandphotohols.com/ images
Answer to: Which of the following describes the size of
fungi compared to the size of
bacteria?
BACTERIA
 A.
Fungi are larger.
www.dph.state.ct.us/ BRS/food/bacteria.JPG
FUNGI
www.lakelandphotohols.com/ images
3. Use the diagram to answer the question.
What composes the paramecium’s body?
A.
B.
C.
D.
thousands of cells
four cells
one cell and its parts
several body organs
pantransit.reptiles.org
science.kennesaw.edu/.../ pictures/paramecium.gif
Answer to: Use the diagram to answer the questions.
What composes the
paramecium’s body?
C.
parts
One cell and its
pantransit.reptiles.org
science.kennesaw.edu/.../ pictures/paramecium.gif
4. Which of the following describes the
most ideal location for microorganisms
to live?
A. underwater
B. In warm, humid places
C. Nearly everywhere
D. Sunny, dry areas
earthafr.jpg
Answer to: Which of the following
describes the most ideal location
for microorganisms to live?
B. in warm,
humid places
earthafr.jpg
5. These foods were left in plastic bags in a warm
container for 5 days. A student recorded observations
and data. Which of these hypotheses was tested?
A. Foods left in the dark will
rot differently than foods in
light.
B. Will foods react differently
in plastic bags?
C. If different foods are used,
then different bacteria will
grow.
D. Which kind of bacteria is
best for making cheese?
FOOD
OBSERVATIONS
Bread
Covered with
black, fuzzy
stuff
Banana
Turned slimy,
black and soft
Hamburg
er
Turned borwn with
green spots
Cheese
Has white and
green areas
Answer to: These foods were left in plastic bags in
a warm container for 5 days. A student recorded
observations and data. Which of these hypotheses
was tested?
C.
If different
foods are used,
then different
bacteria will grow.
FOOD
OBSERVATIONS
Bread
Covered with
black, fuzzy stuff
Banana
Turned slimy, black
and soft
Hamburger
Turned borwn with
green spots
Cheese
Has white and
green areas
6. What variable was tested in this
experiment?
A. the length of time it
takes for food to rot
B. what kind of bags allows
rotting to occur
C. the temperature
microorganisms like best
D. how different kinds of
food rot
www.flickr.com
FOOD
OBSERVATIONS
Bread
Covered with black,
fuzzy stuff
Banana
Turned slimy, black and
soft
Hamburger
Turned borwn with
green spots
Cheese
Has white and green
areas
Answer to: What variable was
tested in this experiment?

D. How
different
kinds of food
rot
www.flickr.com
FOOD
OBSERVATIONS
Bread
Covered with black,
fuzzy stuff
Banana
Turned slimy, black
and soft
Hamburger
Turned borwn with
green spots
Cheese
Has white and green
areas
7. Which of the following is a conclusion you
could make concerning this data?
A. Bread is more likely to
rot than cheese or meat.
B. Bread is better for you
than cheese.
C. Different
microorganisms grow on
different foods.
D. Meat is less safe to eat
than other foods because it
turns brown.
whatcom.wsu.edu
FOOD
OBSERVATIONS
Bread
Covered with black,
fuzzy stuff
Banana
Turned slimy, black
and soft
Hamburger
Turned borwn with
green spots
Cheese
Has white and green
areas
Answer to: Which of the following is a
conclusion you could make concerning
this data?
C. Different
microorganisms
grow on
different foods.
whatcom.wsu.edu
FOOD
OBSERVATIONS
Bread
Covered with
black, fuzzy stuff
Banana
Turned slimy,
black and soft
Hamburger
Turned brown with
green spots
Cheese
Has white and
green areas
8. How might a student improve this
experiment?
A.
Count the number of
microorganisms on each food
with a toothpick.
B. Use a microscope to begin to
identify the kinds of
microorganisms.
C. Add some strong chemicals and
see what they do to the foods.
D. Kill the microorganisms and make
the food safe.
vegetablemdonline.ppath.cornell.edu
FOOD
OBSERVATIONS
Bread
Covered with
black, fuzzy stuff
Banana
Turned slimy,
black and soft
Turned brown with
Hamburger green spots
Cheese
Has white and
green areas
Answer to: How might a student
improve this experiment?
B. Use a
microscope to
begin to identify
the kinds of
microorganisms
.
vegetablemdonline.ppath.cornell.edu
FOOD
OBSERVATIONS
Bread
Covered with black,
fuzzy stuff
Banana
Turned slimy, black
and soft
Hamburger
Turned brown with
green spots
Cheese
Has white and green
areas
9. A scientist wonders if a certain bacteria
can survive being frozen. Which of the
following is a correctly written hypothesis?
A. If bacteria are frozen,
then they will die.
B. Bacteria are small,
microscopic life forms.
C. The bacteria died when it
was frozen.
D. Bacteria survive best
when they are moist.
ag.arizona.edu
Answer to: A scientist wonders if a certain
bacteria can survive being frozen. Which of
the following is a correctly written
hypothesis?

A. If
bacteria are
frozen, then
they will die.
ag.arizona.edu
10. What have experiments shown scientists
about the cause of disease?
A. Diseases are caused by
sudden changes in the
weather.
B. Diseases are caused by
too much exercise.
C. Microorganisms cause
many diseases.
D. Little can be done to
prevent disease.
www.visualworship.com
Answer to: What have experiments
shown scientists about the cause of
disease?
C.
Microorganism
s cause many
diseases.
www.visualworship.com
11. Which of the following practices is based on
an understanding of microorganisms?
A. walking downhill instead
of running
B. looking both ways before
crossing a street
C. wearing lightweight
clothes in the summer
D. washing your hands
before eating
www.agen.ufl.edu
Answer to: Which of the following
practices is based on an understanding
of microorganisms?
 D. How
different
kinds of food
rot
www.agen.ufl.edu
12. What important function do
microorganisms have in an ecosystem?
A. They produce food
from sunlight.
B. They reduce the
number of large animals.
C. They decompose dead
organisms.
D. They help clean the air.
www.wormdigest.org
Answer to: What important function
do microorganisms have in an
ecosystem?
C. They
decompose
dead
organisms.
www.wormdigest.org
13. How does adding yeast change
bread dough?
A. Bubbles of gas form in the
dough.
B. Yeast changes the bread’s
color.
C. More dough is produced as
the yeast multiply.
D. Yeast makes it less lumpy.
www.breadcomestolife.com
/
Answer to: How does adding yeast
change bread dough?
A.
Bubbles of
gas form in the
dough.
www.breadcomestolife.com
/
14. How do bacteria help our bodies
function?
A. They make our muscles
and lungs stronger.
B. They help to digest food in
the intestines.
C. They circulate in our blood
and help carry oxygen.
D. They make our skin flexible
and clean.
eahec.ecu.edu
Answer to: How do bacteria help
our bodies function?
B. They help
to digest food
in the
intestines.
eahec.ecu.edu
15. Which of the following correctly pairs a
microorganism with the disease it causes?
A. Protozoa= Flu
C. Bacteria=Strep Throat
botit.botany.wisc.edu
www.genrecookshop.com
B. Virus= Athlete’s Foot
D. Fungi = a cold
/
www.lib.uiowa.edu
www.jasonanelson.com
/
Answer to: Which of the following
correctly pairs a microorganism with
the disease it causes?
C. Bacteria
and Strep
Throat
www.lib.uiowa.edu
Duplicate this chart on your paper and write the
information about each microorganism.
BACTERIA
RELATIVE SIZE
FOOD SOURCE
ENVIRONMENT
IN WHICH
THEY LIVE
FUNGUS
PROTOZOAN
ALGAE
Fill in the chart with information about each
microorganism.
BACTERIA
RELATIVE
SIZE
FOOD SOURCE
ENVIRONMENT
IN WHICH
THEY LIVE
Small,
invisible
to eye
FUNGUS
Some
large
and
Some
are
small
PROTOZOAN
ALGAE
Small,
Single
celled
Some
large
and
some
small
Fill in the chart with information about each
microorganism.
BACTERIA
FUNGUS
PROTOZOA
N
Eat Other
Rotting
Organisms
Eat Other
Organisms.
Photosynthetic
ALGAE
RELATIVE
SIZE
FOOD
SOURCE
ENVIRONMENT
IN WHICH
THEY LIVE
Eat Other
organisms,
photosynthetic
Photosynthetic
Duplicate this chart on your paper and write the
information about each microorganism.
BACTERIA
FUNGUS
PROTOZOAN
ALGAE
Warm,
moist,
near other
Organisms
Moist,
on
land
Water
Water
RELATIVE SIZE
FOOD SOURCE
ENVIRONMENT
IN WHICH THEY
LIVE