What is a Sentence?
Mrs. Marino
Houghton Mifflin, Reading, grade 3
Extra Support Handbook
Pages 20-21
Bare Bones
• Capital letter at the beginning
• Subject: noun or subject pronoun
• Predicate: verb
No, but
don’t race
• Punctuation
ahead of
me!
That’s
all?
Let Me Explain
• Noun: Names a person, place, thing, or idea
• Person: common noun or proper noun
– Common: girl, boy
– Proper: Emma, Donald
• Place: common noun or proper noun
– Common: school
– Proper: John L. Golden Elementary
• Thing: common noun or proper noun
– Common: dog
– Proper: Tea Cup Chihuahua
• Idea: common noun
– friendship, love, courage, bravery
Here’s More
• Pronoun: This word takes the place of a noun or
nouns. They can be singular or plural.
• Example:
– The teacher greeted the students.
– She greeted the students.
• There are three types of pronouns:
– Subject pronoun: This does the action.
• I, you, he, she, they, we, it
– Object pronoun: This receives the action.
• me, you, him, her, us, them
– Possessive Pronouns: These show ownership.
• my, your, his, her, its, our, their
Let’s Have Some Action
• Verb: Shows action or links ideas
• There are 3 types of verbs:
– Action verbs tell what the subject is doing.
• watches, jumps, reading, listening (some examples)
– Linking verbs link the subject to a word in the
predicate part of the sentence.
• am, are, be, been, is, was, were
– Helping verbs come before the main verb, and
help state an action or show time.
• can, could, did, do, had, has, have, may, should, will, would
Let’s Practice
• Thumbs up = a complete sentence
• Thumbs down = not a sentence
• Wendell and Floyd were in the office.
• entered the office
• lost a hat
• Her feet were visible.
• A moment later
Literature Focus
• “The Lunch Room” (Reader’s Library)
• Walk through the story with me
• Illustrations
• Predict the sequence of events, based
on the illustrations
• Use signal words: first, next, and at last
Sentence Expanders
• Add details
• Subject expanders
• Predicate expanders
• Prepositions
• Conjunctions
• Interjections
Sentence Expanders
Subject expanders:
– Adjectives describe a noun or pronoun.
• Sensory adjectives tell what kind.
• Number adjectives tell how many.
• Articles are adjectives.
• Describes one noun (positive form)
• Compares two nouns (comparative form)
• Compares three or more nouns (superlative form)
Adjectives
Positive
Comparative
Superlative
wrinkled
more wrinkled
most wrinkled
small
smaller
smallest
graceful
more graceful
most graceful
Special Form
Special Form
Special Form
good
better
best
bad
worse
worst
many
more
most
Comparative: add “than” after the word, -er, or “more” before the word
Superlative: add –est at the end of the word or “most” before the word
Special Form: The words change spelling.
Adverbs
• Adverbs describe a verb, or tells how an
action is done.
– Time: how often or when action is done
• often, yesterday
– Place: where something happens
• nearby, outside
– How: how something is done
• brightly, silently
– Why: why something is done
• “to get some sleep”, “because he was hungry”
Prepositions
• A preposition is a word that introduces a
prepositional phrase.
about
around
by
like
outside
under
above
at
during
near
over
underneath
across
before
for
of
past
until
after
behind
from
off
since
up
against
below
in
on
through
with
along
beneath
inside
onto
to
within
among
between
into
out of
toward
without
The fly is over my
head as I rest on
the desk!
I am asleep
under the
desk.
Two More
• Conjunctions connect words or groups of words.
– after, before, until, where, because, since, when, while
• Coordinate Conjunctions:
–
–
–
–
and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet
“Or” connects two words.
“And” connects two phrases.
“But” connects two simple sentences.
sentence.)
(Place a comma after the first
• Interjections are words or phrases used to express strong
emotions or surprise. It is followed by an exclamation point or a
comma.
– Hey! Hold on!
– Wow, look at him go!
Assessment
• Teacher observation
• Daily work
• Daily writing
• Informal discussions
• Literature selections
• Theme Skills tests
• Daily language activities