computing ESSENTIALS 2 The Internet, the Web, and Electronic Commerce (因特网、环球网和电子商务) 1 computing ESSENTIALS Competencies (能力) Internet and Web resources(因特网与环球网资源) Internet communication (因特网通讯) Search tools (搜索工具) Electronic commerce (电子商务) Web utilities (Web实用程序) 2 computing ESSENTIALS Internet Beginnings(因特网的起始) The origins of the Internet : ARPANET (1969) (因特网的起源:阿帕网) National computer network (美国国内网) All text interface(全文本界面) ARPANET:Advanced Research Projects Agency Network,(美国国防部高级研究计划局建立的计算机网) 3 computing ESSENTIALS Web Beginnings(环球网的起始) World Wide Web (环球网,简称为WWW或Web) The origins of the Web : CERN(1992) (环球网的起源:CERN) Multimedia interface (多媒体界面) CERN : Center for European Nuclear Research (欧洲粒子物理研究中心) 4 computing ESSENTIALS Internet vs. Web(因特网与环球网的区别) It is easy to get the Internet and Web confused, but they are not the same thing. The Internet is the actual physical network. It is made up of wires, cable, and satellites. The Internet connects over 65 millions computers and resources throughout the world. The Web is a multimedia interface to resources available on the Internet.(因特网与Web经常被混为一谈,其实它们并 不是一回事,因特网实际上是一个物理网络,它由导线、电缆、 卫星等连接全球6500万台以上的计算机和全球的资源;Web则 是一个因特网上一种访问资源的多媒体界面。) 5 computing ESSENTIALS Internet Applications(因特网应用) Communication (通讯) Searching (检索) Shopping (购物) Entertainment (娱乐) Education (教育) 6 computing ESSENTIALS Access Providers(访问提供商) Common way to attach to the Internet(访问因特网的 一般方法) Use a browser program to access Web resources(通过 浏览器程序访问Web资源) Internet service providers (ISP) (因特网服务提供商) National(国家级因特网服务提供商) Regional(地区级因特网服务提供商) Wireless(无线因特网服务提供商) 7 computing ESSENTIALS Browsers(浏览器) Software that connects to Internet(访问因特网的软件) Allow navigation of the Web(访问Web) Uniform Resource Locator (URLs) (统一资源定位器) Protocol(协议) http://www.eatright.org Display Web pages (显示Web页面) Hypertext domain name(域名) Markup Language (HTML) (超文本链接标示语言) Text (文本) Graphics (图形) Hyperlinks (超链接) 8 computing ESSENTIALS E-mail(电子邮件) Global connection(全球连接) Family, friends, business Basic elements(基本元素) Header(标题) Address, Subject, Attachments(地址、主题、附 Additional information about sender(发送者的补 件) Message(信息) Body of letter(信件主体) Signature(签名) 充信息) 9 computing ESSENTIALS E-mail Addresses(电子邮件地址) Consists of (组成) User name (用户名) Domain name (服务器域名) Domain code (域代码) 10 computing ESSENTIALS Discussion Groups(兴趣组) Online groups that discuss various topics (各种在 线兴趣小组) Different forms (形式) Mailing lists (邮件表) Newsgroups (新闻组) Chat groups (聊天组) Instant Messaging (实时通讯) 11 computing ESSENTIALS Search Tools(搜索工具) Search services (检索服务) Huge database of information (庞大的数据库信息) Web site addresses(Web站点地址) Content descriptions (内容描述) Keywords(Specific word or phrase) (关键字) Databases updated continuously (不断的数据更新) Agents, spiders, bots (服务代理、网络蜘蛛、网络 蝇蛆) 12 computing ESSENTIALS Search Engines(搜索引擎) Information lookup assistance (查找信息助手) Search approaches(查找方法) Keyword search (关键字查找) Directory search (直接查找) 13 computing ESSENTIALS Special Search Engines(专用搜索引擎) Meta search engine(元搜索引擎) Automatically submits search to several search engines simultaneously(自动同时使用多个搜索引擎查找) Organizes and eliminates duplicate hits(组织和消除相同信息) Specialized search engine(专用搜索引擎) Focuses on subject specific Web sites (主要应用在特殊站点 的主题检索) Saves time (节约时间) 14 computing ESSENTIALS Electronic Commerce(电子商务) Buying and selling goods over the Internet(通过 因特网买卖商器) Rapidly growing(迅速增长) Types(类型) Business-to-consumer (B2C) Consumer-to-consumer (C2C) Business-to-business (B2B) 15 computing ESSENTIALS Web Storefronts(网上商店) Virtual stores(虚拟商店) B2C e-commerce(B2C电子商务) Commerce servers (商务服务) Help businesses create virtual store Web sites Handle payment options, taxes, shipping costs (建立虚拟商务网站) (处理支付、税务、价格) Ensure reliable and secure communication (保障安全可靠的通讯) 16 computing ESSENTIALS Web Auctions(网上拍卖) Growing popularity(正在普及) C2C E-commerce(C2C电子商务) Buyers submit bids electronically(买主用电子方式竞价) Auction house sites(拍卖网站) Run like traditional auction houses(像传统的拍卖行) Generally safe(一般比较安全) Person-to-person (个人对个人) Like flea markets(像跳蚤市场) Sellers and buyers should be cautious(双方应当谨慎) 17 computing ESSENTIALS Electronic Payment(电子支付) Desired characteristics are fast, secure and reliable payment (人们期望电子支付的快速、安全、 可靠) Payment options (支付的形式) Checks (支票) Credit Card (信用卡) Electronic cash (电子货币) 18 computing ESSENTIALS Web Utilities(环球网应用) Special programs to make the Web and Internet easier and safer (一些特殊软件使得网络变得简单和安全) Telnet (远程登录) FTP (文件传输) Plug-Ins (插件) Filters (过滤器) 19 computing ESSENTIALS Organization Internets(网络组织) Intranets(企业内部互联网) Extranets(外延网) Private within organization Private that connect more than one org Firewalls(防火墙) Security system for organization networks 20 computing ESSENTIALS A Look to the Future(前景) Internet 2 (第二代因特网) Limited access (存取限制—更安全) More costly (造价更高) High speed (速度更快) Primary beneficiaries (主要受益者) Federal Major Government (联邦政府) corporations(大型社团) Universities (大学) 21 KEY TERMS(关键词) address 地址 Advanced Research Project Agency Network (ARPANET)美国国防部高级项目研究局网络 agent 代理 applet Java小程序 attachment 附件 auction house site 拍卖网站 browser 浏览器 business-to-business(B2B) 企业对企业的电子商务 business-to-consumer(B2C) 企业对消费者的电子商务 cable 电缆 Center for European Nuclear Research (CERN) ,欧洲核 物理研究中心 22 KEY TERMS(关键词) channel 频道 chat group 聊天组 client 客户 client-server network 客户-服务器网络 commerce servers 商务服务软件 computer virus 计算机病毒 contact (buddy)联系人、伙伴 consumer-to-consumer(C2C) 消费者对消费者的电子 商务 cybercash (digital cash,e-cash,electronic cash) 电子货币 cybermall 电子商场 directory search(index search)直接搜索 domain code 域代码 23 KEY TERMS(关键词) domain name 域名 downloading 下载 DSL 数字用户环线 ADSL 非对称数字用户环线 e-commerce (electronic commerce)电子商务 electronic mail (e-mail)电子邮件 file transfer protocol(FTP)文件传输协议 host computer 主机 hyperlink 超级链接 Hypertext Markup Language(HTML)超文本链接标示 语言 Internet Relay Chatting(IRC) Internet 在线聊天系统 Internet Service Provider(ISP)Internet服务提供者 24 KEY TERMS(关键词) keyword search 关键字检索 person-to-person auction site 个人拍卖网站 plug-in 插件程序 search engine 搜索引擎 uniform resource locator(URL)全球统一资 源定位 25