Taking part 11
Task
1.Make a list of the things that got you
interested in sport and the benefits
that you have experienced from
taking part in sport.
2.Compare your lists with two other
people and note down any
differences.
Taking part 12
Exam questions
1. Which of the following best describes
why people take part in sport?
A. Gives enjoyment, encourages friendship,
helps pay bills, encourages cooperation
B. Changes diet, gives enjoyment, provides
excitement, encourages cooperation
C. Encourages friendship, gives enjoyment,
provides excitement, encourages cooperation
D. Provides excitement, encourages friendship,
is a training principle, encourages cooperation
Taking part 13
2. Which of the following best describes
the physical effects of taking part in
physical activity?
A. Strengthens bones, relieves stress,
improves muscle tone, improves flexibility
B. Burns stored fat, strengthens bones,
improves muscle tone, improves flexibility
C. Improves muscle tone, burns stored fat,
encourages cooperation, improves flexibility
D. Improves flexibility, burns stored fat,
strengthens bones, provides excitement
Taking part 14
3. Which of the following best describes
the social effects of taking part in
physical activity?
A. Gives chance to meet others, encourages
cooperation, burns fat, meet challenges with others
B. Become part of a team, meet challenges with
others, encourages cooperation, relieves stress
C. Meet challenges with others, gives personal
enjoyment, gives chance to meet others, become
part of a team
D. Encourages cooperation, gives chance to meet
others, become part of a team, meet challenges
with others
Taking part 15
4. Which of the following best describes
the mental effects of taking part in
physical activity?
A. Provides excitement, promotes feel-good factor,
provides personal satisfaction, relieves tension
B. Relieves stress, provides excitement, opportunity to
mix with others, provides personal satisfaction
C. Promotes feel-good factor, burns calories, work as
part of a team, relieves tension
D. Provides personal satisfaction, promotes feel-good
factor, relieves tension, strengthens bones
Taking part 16
What you have learnt
in this topic:
1. The reasons for taking part in
physical activity
2. The benefits of taking part in
physical activity
3. The reasons for non-participation
Taking part 17
Learning objectives
You should now be able to:
• Understand the different reasons
people take part in physical activity
• Describe why people take part in
sport
• Explain the effects of barriers on
people taking part in sport
3
Influences 48
Exam question
1. Read the following statements and
decide which option is correct.
Statement 1: A key influence associated with people
impacting on participation is socio-economic.
Statement 2: A key influence associated with people
impacting on participation is family.
A. Both statements are true
B. Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is false
C. Statement 1 is false, Statement 2 is true
D. Both statements are false
Influences 49
What you have learnt
in this topic:
1. Cultural influences
2. Health and well-being influences
3. Image influences
4. Influential people
5. Resource influences
6. Socio-economic influences
Influences 50
Learning objectives
You should now be able to:
•Understand various influences
that affect sports participation
•Describe each of the influences
•Explain the effect of each
influence
Media 25
Exam question
1. What type of television
broadcast is the BBC’s Question
of Sport show?
A. An educational programme
B. An informative programme
C. An instructional programme
D. An entertainment programme
Media 26
What you have learnt
in this topic:
1. Types of media
2. Types of television broadcast
3. Types of television programme
4. Competition between satellite and
terrestrial television
5. The positives of satellite and
terrestrial television
Media 27
Learning objectives
You should now be able to:
• Understand the role of media in
sport
• Describe the different types of
media and their influence on sport
• Explain the differences between
satellite and terrestrial television
Opportunities in sport 25
Exam questions
1. Sport England has set up the
Grow Sustain Excel initiative.
What does it aim to do?
Opportunities in sport 26
2. What does PESSCL stand for?
A. Physical Exercise and School Sport
Club Links
B. Physical Education School Sport and
Confidence Links
C. Physical Education Social Sport and
Club Links
D. Physical Education School Sport and
Club Links
Opportunities in sport 27
What you have learnt
in this topic:
1. The opportunities available in
sport
2. The performance pyramid
3. The PESSCL strategy
4. Other initiatives to increase
participation
Health, fitness and exercise 7
To maintain a level of general
fitness, you should try to:
• Exercise three to five times a
week
• Increase your heart rate to above
60 per cent of your maximum
• Keep your heart rate raised for no
less than 20 minutes in each
session
Health, fitness and exercise 14
Exam questions
1. Health is:
A. The ability to meet the demands of
the environment
B. Working towards improving all
areas of the body
C. A state of complete physical fitness
and calmness
D. A state of physical, mental and
social well-being
Health-related exercise 21
Exam questions
1. Cardiovascular fitness relies
on the efficiency of the:
A. Heart and lungs
B. Lungs and muscles
C. Bones and blood vessels
D. Heart and blood vessels
Health-related exercise 22
2. Sporting activities which most
rely on muscular endurance are:
A. Football, basketball, tennis, hockey
B. 10,000m, marathon, long-distance
canoeing, Tour de France
C. Marathon running, diving, longdistance canoeing, 10,000m
D. Steeplechase, long jump, triathlon,
6k run
Health-related exercise 23
What you have learnt
in this topic:
1. Components of health-related
exercise
2. How each component can affect
your performance in sport
The principles of training 25
Exam questions
1. Progressive overload is:
A. Matching the exercises to the activity
B. The degeneration of the muscles after
exercise has stopped
C. Working the body harder than normal and
then increasing the intensity gradually
D. Allowing the body to recover to maintain a
high level of performance
The principles of training 26
2. Specificity is:
A. Allowing the body to recover to
maintain a high level of performance
B. Matching the exercises to the activity
C. The degeneration of the muscles after
exercise has stopped
D. Working the body harder than normal
and then increasing the intensity
gradually
The principles of training 25
Exam questions
1. Progressive overload is:
A. Matching the exercises to the activity
B. The degeneration of the muscles after
exercise has stopped
C. Working the body harder than normal and
then increasing the intensity gradually
D. Allowing the body to recover to maintain a
high level of performance
The principles of training 26
2. Specificity is:
A. Allowing the body to recover to
maintain a high level of performance
B. Matching the exercises to the activity
C. The degeneration of the muscles after
exercise has stopped
D. Working the body harder than normal
and then increasing the intensity
gradually
The FITT principle 19
Exam questions
1. What is reversibility? Give an
example of how this can affect a
sportsperson.
2. When training for a sport,
explain how one element of the
FITT principle can help an
athlete improve their
performance.
Methods of training 40
Exam questions
1. What type of training would
be most useful for a team sports
athlete to increase their
stamina? Explain your answer.
Methods of training 41
2. Which of the following are
types of training?
A. Fartlek, continuous, contemptuous,
cross, aptitude
B. Continuous, Fartlek, weight, cross,
aptitude
C. Potential, circuit, weight, cross,
Fartlek, interval
D. Circuit, continuous, weight, cross,
interval
Recovery rates 19
Exam questions
1. What are the benefits of
having a recovery time built into
an exercise session?
The exercise session 21
Exam questions
1. What are the three
components of an exercise
session?
2. Describe a warm-up exercise
for your chosen sport.
Diet 33
2. The seven parts of a balanced diet are:
A. Water, fibre, milk, protein, fats,
carbohydrates, minerals
B. Water, protein, minerals, fats,
vitamins, fibre, carbohydrates
C. Water, fat, protein, dairy products,
vitamins, fibre, carbohydrates
D. Fats, carbohydrates, vitamins,
minerals, protein, sugars, milk
Diet 32
Exam questions
1. Give an example of a diet that
could benefit a sports performer
and explain how it works.
Diet timing 18
Exam questions
1. Why do athletes use carbohydrate
loading diets?
A. To make them really strong
B. To help repair damaged body tissue
after injury
C. To help them keep on performing for
longer in an event
D. Because it is the latest fad diet
Somatotypes 13
Exam questions
1. What somatotype do sumo
wrestlers tend towards? Explain
your answer.
2. Using a sporting example,
describe what an extreme
mesomorphic person would look
like.
Alcohol and smoking 22
Exam questions
1. What problems could an
athlete develop from drinking
too much alcohol?
2. How does smoking affect an
athlete’s performance in the
short term?
Drugs 34
Exam questions
1. What effects would a
sportsperson experience in their
performance if they used
stimulants?
2. Which sportspeople are more
likely to use beta-blockers?
Provide examples.
The heart 34
Exam questions
1. Which of the following best describes
the pulmonary circuit?
A. Heart – pulmonary arteries – lungs –
pulmonary vein – heart
B. Heart – aorta – lungs – pulmonary vein –
heart
C. Heart – pulmonary arteries – capillaries –
lungs – pulmonary vein – heart
D. Heart – pulmonary arteries – lungs – vena
cava – heart
Blood vessels 26
Exam questions
1. Which of the following best describes a
vein?
A. Works at lower pressure than other blood
vessels, has semi-permeable walls
B. Has valves, works under high pressure,
transports oxygenated blood
C. Walls are thin, has valves, works at a low
pressure, transports deoxygenated blood
D. Transports deoxygenated blood, divides into
arterioles, walls are one cell thick
Blood 36
Exam questions
1. What is the main job of the
red blood cells?
2. What do white blood cells do?
3.What is the name for red and
white blood cells?
Muscles and exercise 18
Exam questions
1. Exercising over a long period
of time affects the muscles in
different ways. Describe three of
these effects.
2. Describe the cause and effect
of a muscle strain.
Mechanisms of breathing 39
Exam questions
1. Explain the process of
inspiration.
2. Explain the process of
expiration.
Muscles and exercise 18
Exam questions
1. Exercising over a long period
of time affects the muscles in
different ways. Describe three of
these effects.
2. Describe the cause and effect
of a muscle strain.
Respiration 21
Exam questions
1. What are the two energy
production systems used by the
body when taking part in sport?
2. What sports does aerobic
respiration help most
effectively? Give two examples.
Muscle types 20
Exam questions
1. Which antagonistic pair of
muscles work to bend the arm
at the elbow?
2. Describe the cardiac muscle.
Muscular functions 21
Exam questions
1. Describe slow twitch muscle
fibres.
2. Describe fast twitch muscle
fibres.
Bones 14
The vertebrae are irregular bones.
33 of these bones make up the vertebral
column.
They are placed in five groups according
to where they are along the vertebral
column.
What are the 5 groups????
Joints 25
Exam questions
1. Which of the following best describes a
joint?
A. A place where bones are close
B. Where several bones and muscles meet
allowing movement
C. Where the production of movement occurs
D. Where two or more bones meet but where
there is not necessarily movement
Joints 26
2. Which joint is mainly involved
in the action of kicking a
football?
A. Pivot joint
B. Hinge joint at the elbow
C. Ball and socket joint at the hip
D.Hinge joint at the knee
Movement terminology 4
Range of movements
Explain each term giving a sporting
example:
•
•
•
•
Adduction
Abduction
Flexion
Plantar flexion
• Dorsi flexion
• Extension
• Rotation
Joints 21
Inflammatory cascade
Inflammation of joints can occur
after injury or short-term overuse.
After an injury there is a series of
events called the inflammatory
cascade…
Joints 22
Injury
Pro-inflammatory hormones triggered
Call out for white blood cells to clean up
the damage and clear infection
Causing the area to go red
Leading to swelling
Pain occurs
Injuries 26
Exam questions
1. An athlete training for a
marathon suffers pain in the
lower leg as the foot impacts the
ground. Explain what type of
fracture this is, how it occurred
and what treatment should be
given.
.