Transportation Emergencies
Modes of Transportation
Modes of Transportation
• There are many different modes of public
transportation. Which modes of public
transportation operate within our area?
• It is important that you be prepared to
respond to any of these types of incidents.
Airport Familiarization
– In this module, we will learn the established
procedures for movement within airports.
This module will include:
– Color code system for airport lighting
– Established procedures and verbal
communication as used by Air Traffic Control.
– Runway and Taxiway designation systems.
Airport Familiarization
• By being thoroughly
familiar with the
airport facility,
emergency personnel
can respond to the
accident/incident
quickly, thereby
increasing the
effectiveness of the
rescue and fire
fighting effort.
Runway Designation Systems
• Runway numbers are
taken from the nearest
compass bearing
rounded
off to the nearest 10
degrees. A runway with a
compass heading of 340
degrees is numbered 34
for
aircraft approaching from
the south. (Shown Here)
Runway Designation Systems
• Taxiways are usually designated by
letters, a combination of numbers and
letters, or names.
Lighting and Marking Systems
Lighting and Marking Systems
• In addition to runway numbers and taxiway
identification systems, colored lights and
other markings are used to identify various
areas, buildings, and obstructions at
airports. Rescue personnel should
understand the lights and marking system
used on their particular airport.
Lights
• While taxiway
designations vary
from airport to airport,
runway and taxiway
lighting is standard at
all airports.
Lights
• Blue Lights are used to outline taxiways and are usually located
along the edges, about 100 feet apart.
• White Lights are used to outline the edges of runways, with lights
spaced 200 feet apart, and to identify runway centerlines, with lights
spased 50 feet apart.
• Green Lights are used to identify the approach end of runways and
taxiway centerlines
• Red Lights are used to mark obstructions and runway ends.
• Amber Lights are used to identify locations of hold bars, which are
areas that require permission from the control tower to cross.
Taxiway Lights
Runway Lights
Markings
• White is used for runway identifier
numbers/letters, landing zone bars, and
centerline stripes.
• Yellow is used for hold bars and taxiways.
A hold bar is like a stop sign for all
vehicles or aircraft using the taxiways.
Hold Bars
• One side of the hold bar is a solid line, and
the opposite side is a dashed or broken
line. When approaching a hold bar from
the solid-line side, the vehicle or aircraft is
required to stop until either visual
clearance is confirmed or the tower has
approved further movement. When
approaching from the dashed-line side, the
hold bar is not applicable.
Airport Ground Vehicle Control
Airport Control
• Uncontrolled airports are those that do not have a staffed
and operating control tower., and controlled airports are
those that do.
• At controlled airports, control tower personnel issue
clearances, instructions, and information to vehicles in
aircraft operating areas, so vehicle driver/operators must
be in radio or visual contact with tower ground control.
• Although two-way radio is much more reliable and
efficient, the tower may also control movement areas
through light signals.
Airport Light Signals
• Flashing Green Light. Clear to proceed across or down
the runway.
• Steady read light. Stop! Do not proceed.
• Flashing red light, Flashing runway lights. Clear active
runway IMMEDIATELY!
• Flashing white light. Return to fire station
• Alternating green/red flashing light. General warning,
use caution.
Verbal Communication
• The following sample vocabulary is not all
inclusive but is representative of the
words and phrases in most common
usage in the airport environment. To be
effective in radio communication,
personnel must be thoroughly familiar with
these terms and their meanings.
Vocabulary
• Acknowledge - Confirm that you have received
and have understood the message.
• Advise intentions - Explain what you plan to do.
• Affirmative - Yes, permission granted, or that is
correct
• Base leg - Aircraft on a 90-degree approach to
the landing runway
• Broadcast - Transmission of information for
which an acknowledgement is not expected.
Vocabulary
• Confirm - Verify or recheck
• ETA - Estimated time of arrival
• Expedite - Prompt compliance is required
• Missed approach - A maneuver executed by a pilot
whenever a final approach cannot be completed into a
landing.
• Wilco - Indicates that an order or request will be
complied with.
This concludes Airport
Familiarization