第3讲
Past Participles used as
object complement
（过去分词做宾语补足语）
Unit 2 Grammar
课本例句
1). Now when people refer to England you find
Wales included as well.
2).Finally … by getting Ireland connected in the
same peaceful way.
3).You find most of the population settled in the
south,…
1. repair
2. injure
3. cut
4. watch
5. paint
6. break
7. damage
8. steal
9. beat
10.bite
11.rob
12.knock
13.find













repaired
injured
cut
watched
painted
broke
damaged
stole
beat
bit
robbed
knocked
found













repaired
injured
cut
watched
painted
broken
damaged
stolen
beaten
bitten
robbed
knocked
found
作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系
1. 及物动词（短语）的过去分词用作宾语补足语时，宾语即是过去分词的
逻辑宾语，宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。
例如：I want the letter posted. 我想把这封信寄出去。
2. 少数不及物动词如 go, change, fall 等的过去分词作宾语补足语时，仅表
示动作完成。因此，宾语与过去分词之间不存在逻辑上的被动关系。
例如： She found her necklace gone on her way home. 在回家的路上，她
发现项链不见了。
3. 动词 seat, hide, dress 等的过去分词作宾语补足语一般表示状语而不表
示被动的意义，因此，虽然宾语与它们存在逻辑上的主动关系，但也只能
用它们的过去分词作宾语补足语。
例如：When I came in, I found a strange girl seated in the corner. 我进来
时，发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。
需用过去分词作宾语补足语的情况
1.使役动词get ,have ,make, keep，leave
等后，可用过去分词做宾语补足语，表：
“致使某人或某事被…”
We should keep them informed of what is
going on here.
Jane got her bad tooth pulled out at the
dentist’s.
I had my recorder repaired.
(I asked somebody else to repair it.)
I had the room cleaned.
(I organized it.)
He had his foot injured.
(something bad happened.)
He had his hair cut.
hair
He had his clothes washed.
clothes
He had his room cleaned.
room
He had his walls painted.
walls
He had his car repaired.
car
He got his leg injured.
He got his glasses broken.
He got his camera damaged.
He got his wallet stolen.
2 .感官动词feel, find, hear,notice,see,watch等
表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后，
表：“感受到某人或某事被做”。
I was sleeping when I heard my name
called.
He was disappointed to find his
suggestions turned down.
She found Peter’s hair cut.
hair
She found his room cleaned.
room
She found his car repaired.
car
She found his clothes washed. clothes
She found the walls painted.
walls
beat
I saw him ____________________
beaten by his mother.
bite
I saw _______________________
him bitten by a dog.
knock down
I saw______________________
him knocked down by a car.
rob
I saw __________________
him robbed by a man.
I saw him __________________
taken to the hospital.
I saw him beaten by his mother.
I saw him bitten by a dog.
I saw him robbed by a man.
I saw him knocked down by a car.
I saw him taken to the hospital.
Fill in the blanks.
I heard someone _________me.
calling
I heard my name________.
called
I found Tom _______
break the window.
I found the window _______
broken.
I had my watch repaired.
She found his hair cut.
I had my room cleaned.
She found his clothes washed.
I had my foot injured.
She found his room cleaned.
have sth./sb. done
He got his leg injured.
find sth./sb done
I saw him beaten by his mother.
He got his camera damaged. I saw him bitten by a dog.
He got his glasses broken.
get sth./sb done
I made him punished.
I watched him killed.
I saw him robbed by a man.
see sth./sb. done
make sth./sb. done
watch sth./sb done
3. 表示“意欲；命令”的动词如 ：
like,order,want,wish,相当于过去分词短语前省
略了to be ，表示“希望/要求某人或某事被做”
I wish these letters (to be) typed as soon as
possible.
The father wants his daughter taught the
piano.
He didn’t want such question discussed at
the meeting.
使役 keep, leave, get, have, make
看watch, notice, see, look at, observe catch
听hear, listen to,
感feel
闻smell
发现find
情感 want, wish, like
Sth./sb. done
Sth./sb. 被…
1. Being poor at English, I’m afraid
I can’t make myself ______.
A. understand
B. to understand
C. understanding
D. understood
2. I have had my bike ______, and
I’m going to have somebody
______ my radio tomorrow.
A. repair; to repair
B. repairing; to be repaired
C. repaired; repair
D. to repair; repairing
3. You must get the work ______
before Friday.
A. do
B. to do
C. doing
D. done
4. ______ the room, the nurse
found the tape-recorder ______ .
A. Entering; stealing
B. Entering; stolen
C. To have entered; being stolen
D. Having entered; to be stolen
5.We are pleased to see the
problem ______ so quickly.
A. settled
B. having been settled
C. be settled
D. settling
settle 解决
4.有时过去分词作宾补可以变
为被动语态，这时过去分词改
作主语补足语，说明主语所处
的状态
The door was found broken.
Her bag was found stolen when
she woke up.
5.“with ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词
用作介词 with 的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在
句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。 例如：
The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.
凶手被带进来了，他的双手被绑在背后。（表方式）
With water heated, we can see the steam.
水一被加热，我们就会看到水蒸气。（表条件）
With the matter settled, we all went home.事情得到解决，我们都
回家了。（表原因）
注意：
 在这一结构中，当宾语为某一身体部位，且
作宾补的动词是及物动词时，身体部位通常
是过去分词的逻辑宾语，因而过去分词不可
换用现在分词。
She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed
on his face. 她站在他面前，眼睛注视着他
（ fix one‘s eyes on 为固定短语，因此，不
可将句中 fixed 换为 fixing ）
He stood for an instant with his hand still
raised.他仍然举着手站了一会儿。
当用某些不及物动词的分词形式作身体部位的
宾补时，用现在分词的形式。
 She felt her heart beating fast.
她觉得心跳很快。（beat 意为“心跳”，是
不及物动词）
掌握“使役动词 have + 宾语＋过去分词”
的几种含义
在“ have ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词作宾语补
足语，have 也可用 get 。这一结构具有以下几种含义：
1. 意为“主语请别人做某事”。例如：
He wants to have his eyes examined tomorrow.他明天想去检查眼睛。（“检
查”的动作由医生来进行）
2. 意为“主语遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不测的事情”。例如：
Be careful, or you'll have your hands hurt. 当心，否则会弄伤手的。
3. 意为“使完成某事”，事情既可以是别人做完，也可以由主语参与完成。
例如：
He had the walls painted this morning. 他今早把墙漆了。（主语自己可能
参与）
6.过去分词与不定式,现在分词作宾补的
区别:三者与宾语逻辑上都是主谓关系，但
过去分词强调他们之间的被动关系，不定
式强调动作发生的全过程，现在分词强调
他们之间的主动关系，正在进行。
I saw her taken out of the classroom.
I saw her come into the classroom.
I saw her coming into the classroom.
省略to的情况：

1） 情态动词 ( 除ought 外，ought to)：

2） 使役动词 let, have, make：

3） 感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel,
find 等后作宾补，省略to。

注意：在被动语态中则to 不能省掉。

I saw him dance.

=He was seen to dance.

The boss made them work the whole night.

=They were made to work the whole night.
Exercise:
1. The managers discussed the plan that
they would like to see____the next year.
A.carry out
B.carrying out
C.carried out
D.to carry out
2.Mrs. Brown was much disappointed
to see the washing machine she had had
_______went wrong again.
A.it
B. it repaired
C.repaired
D. to be repaired
3.With a lot of difficult problems_____,
the newly—elected president is having
a hard time.
A.settled
B.settling
C.to settle
D.being settled
4.With trees,flowers and grass_____
everywhere, my native town had taken
anew look.
A.planting
B.planted
C.to plant
D.to be planted
5. She was glad to see her child well_____
care of.
A.take B. to be taken C. taken D. taking
6.The result of the entrance exams was
not made _____to the public until last
Thursday.
A.knowing
B. known
C.to know
D.to be known
7. I can make you _____what I say,but
you can’t make yourself____in English.
A.understand; understand
B.understand, understood
C.to understand, understand
D.understand; to be understood
8.He found them____at a table_____
A.sat; to play chess
B.sitting; to play chess
C.seated; playing chess
D.seat; play the chess
9. John rushed out in a hurry,___
the door_____.
A.leaving; unlocked B.leaving;unlocking
C.left, unlocked
D.to leave;unlockin
10.We are pleased to see the problem___
so quickly.
A .settled
B .settling
C.be settled
D .having been settled
11.I could feel the wind ___on my face
from an open window.
A .to blow
B.blowing
C.to be blowing
D .blown