Aim: What made Genghis Khan become
conqueror of Eurasia?
• List three reasons
why some countries
choose to conquer
other lands.
Homework: What effects
did the Mongol conquest
have on Western Europe?
1. Natural Resources
2. Eliminate
competition
3. Take over strategic
locations.
4. Money/Loot /Tribute
$$$
5. Power, Ego and
Prestige.
Instructional Objectives
• We will be able to:
– Describe the Mongols and how Genghis Khan
conquered an Empire
Agenda:
•
Don Now
•
Lecture Notes
•
Activity
•
Summary
Mongolia
• Today Mongolia is a landlocked country
wedged in the middle of China and Russia.
• The Mongol Steppe:
• The Mongolian steppe is harsh and cold. It is
made up of hilly grasslands devoid of trees.
Most Mongols were nomadic animal herders
who lived in tents called yurts.
Rise of the Mongols
•
•
•
•
•
The Mongols of the 12th century lived in clans that constantly
fought each other.
A young Mongol named Temujin wanted to unite the people of the
central steppe.
In 1206 he created the Mongol Empire
Temujin became known as Genghis Khan or ruler of the Mongols
Genghis Khan wanted access to the Silk Roads wealth which led
him to expand his empire.
Mongolian Conquests
First Period - 1206
Mongolian Conquests
Second Period 1206 - 1219
Mongolian Conquests
Third Period 1219 - 1223
Mongolian Conquests
Fourth Period 1223 – 1227
Death of Chinggis Khan
Mongolian Conquests
Fifth Period 1227 - 1237
Mongolian Conquests
Sixth Period 1237 - 1259
Mongolian Conquests
Seventh Period 1259 - 1279
Mongolian Conquests
Greatest Extent of Their Empire
What modern countries
did the Mongols control?
II. Genghis Khan
• Improved military organization into corps.
• Created a body of law (Most were equal under the law)
• Conquered parts of China, Russia, the Middle East,
India, Korea, and Eastern Europe
• Allowed conquered people kept their religions and
culture
• Mongols assimilated and borrowed ideas from other
conquered cultures
• After conquests a period of peace began in Asia called
the Pax Mongolia
• How did the nomadic
Mongols who only
numbered 200,000
fighting men conquer
the most modern
empires in the World?
• These are some of
GenGhis Khan’s secrets
My entire army is made up of
Calvary (horsemen) who use
a powerful composite bow
Lure your enemy out with a
small force and harass them
while you do a fake retreat.
Once your enemy is
exhausted from chasing you
find a suitable place to
surround and ambush them.
I adapted my army to use siege
weapons, such as the catapult.
Once I conquered a city we would
set loose many of the inhabitants
that were not useful
The inhabitants of the last
conquered city would seek refuge
in my next target. This would
spread terror, create food
shortages and overcrowding in
my next conquest.
Once a Russian prince refused to
surrender. I built a wall around his
city to show their was no escape.
After my Mongol warriors attacked
no one was left alive.
Those who challenged
my power or refused to
surrender would be
destroyed. After awhile
my name alone made
whole cities surrender. I
am Genghis Khan!
I created the world’s
largest land empire.
When my conquests
were over I brought
peace and trade to much
of Asia.
Activity – DBQ Exercise: What made Genghis Khan
become conqueror of Eurasia?
Summary Questions
• How did the Mongols live?
• What motivated Genghis Khan to
conquer?
• How did Genghis Khan conquer societies?
Aim: How did the Mongols affect the world?
Do Now: Where did the Black Death originate from?
Homework:
Instructional Objectives
• We will be able to:
• Describe the impact the Mongols had on
different societies.
Agenda:
•
Do Now
•
Lecture Notes
•
Activity
•
Summary
Spreading the Plague
– Marmots (rats), endemic on the steppe, carried it
– Besieging the city of Kaffa on the Crimea in 1346,
Mongols catapulted dead plague victims over the
walls, infecting the population, who then spread it
to Western Europe.
What effects did the Black
Death have on Europe?
The Pax Mongolia (Safe Trade)
– The Pax Mongolia (The Mongol Peace) made it
safe and easy for Europeans to trade with the
East. Silks and new technologies entered Europe
creating an increased demand. When the Mongol
Empire collapsed Europeans seek a new route to
the East leading to the explorations of
Christopher Columbus.
Why was this era called
the Pax Mongolia?
Influence on Russia
• Mongol rule in Russia isolated Russia from the rest of
Europe. Cultural diffusion and trade with the west would
virtually stop. When the Mongols left Russia remained
isolated from the rest of Europe and fell behind culturally and
technologically. Russia would remain a backwards nation for
centuries
Did the Mongols leave a
positive influence on
Russia?
Influence on other Societies
• In China, the Mongol ruler there, Kublai Khan, kept Chinese
society under strict control. With this strict control, trade
flourished. One important trader and explorer, Marco Polo,
brought back new goods to Europe. Other Muslim traders
introduced Chinese inventions, such as gunpowder and the
compass to the western world. Soon, Chinese techniques of
papermaking and the invention of books were spread
throughout Europe.
Who benefited from
Mongol rule in China?
Activity – How did the Mongols affect
other Societies?
Summary Questions
• What positive effects did the Mongol
conquests have?
• What negative?
Homework:
From the information on this chart,
which was the greatest Empire?
Explain.