General Pathology:
Introduction to the Course
Lorne Holland, M.D.
Lorne.Holland@ucdenver.edu
General Information
COURSE DIRECTOR:
Lorne Holland, M.D.
Leprino Office Building, Main Laboratory- Rm 280
Email: Lorne.Holland@ucdenver.edu
Office: (720) 848-7050
ADMINISTRATIVE COORDINATOR:
Jaime Kean
Building A01 Room L15-2203
Email: Jamie.Kean@ucdenver.edu
Phone (303) 724-3905
Map
Leprino
Office
Building
Parking
Garage
Exams
• Sample questions will periodically be posted
on Blackboard with answers following shortly
• Before each exam there will be a Q&A session
– This is an opportunity for you to ask questions
about the material
– This is not meant to be a formal review of all
lecture material
• For best responses, please send me your
question(s) a day or two in advance so I
know what to expect
Exams
•
•
•
•
Multiple-choice, single best answer
2-3 questions per lecture
Mid-October and December 17th
2nd exam is cumulative with approximately
80% new and 20% old
• Exams will be timed with 1.5 minutes
allotted for each question
Exams
• How much does a normal human head weigh?
– More than twice the average orange
– Between 4.4 and 5.3 kilograms
– Hair is typically 0.2% to 1.1% of head weight
– It would weigh only 1/6th as much on the moon
Exams
•
•
•
•
Review session immediately after
Answers will be projected
Your chance to ask questions
Only opportunity to review test answers
Exams
• Grading
– Tests are sent to the computer center for
grading where they calculate statistics for
each question
– A few questions will have “bad” numbers and
will be thrown out
• Too hard or too easy
• Random answer pattern
Other Tests
• Independent study questions
– Posted on Blackboard and due Sept 28th
– May collaborate, but each student must submit
their own answers
– Remember, this material is fair game for both
exams
• Periodic, unannounced quizzes
– Multiple-choice, single best answer and/or short
answer
– You can use class notes and textbook
– Students not present when the quizzes are
handed out will receive a zero
– Lowest quiz score will be dropped
Objectives
• Each lecture will have a set of objectives
– This is the bare minimum you should be
getting out of each lecture
– If you can not perform the objectives then it
is unlikely you will pass
– If you only know material specifically
addressed by the objectives, you will probably
pass, but only barely (70-80%)
Odds and Ends
• Lecture handouts should be available on
Blackboard 48 hrs before lecture
• Exam dates will be firm, but lectures may
occasionally move around a bit. You
should have at least 24 hrs warning.
• Please address questions directly to the
lecturer. If you do not receive a response
within 48 hrs then let me know
• Evaluations after each test. Please
complete them so I know what is working
and what is not
Scope of Pathology
Pathology
Experimental
Anatomic
Clinical
“laboratory medicine”
Scope of Pathology
Pathology
Experimental
Anatomic
Pathogenesis
Etiology
Epidemiology
Clinical
Scope of Pathology
Pathology
Experimental
Clinical
Anatomic
Surgical
Gross / Micro
Autopsy
Gross / Micro
Cytology
Microscopic
Hematopath
Microscopic
Scope of Pathology
Pathology
Experimental
Anatomic
Chemistry
Urinalysis
Hematology
Serology
Microbiology
Virology
Molecular
T.D.M.
Toxicology
Coagulation
Transf. Med
Point of Care
Flow Cytometry
Clinical
Quick Guide to Microscopy
• Unless otherwise stated, pictures in books
and lecture and hemotoxylin and eosin (H&E)
– Proteins and starch stain pink
– Nucleic acids (DNA, RNA) stain blue
– Air, water, sugar and lipids do not stain at all
– Naturally colored materials, black, brown, green
Quick Guide to Microscopy
Quick Guide to Microscopy
Other Colors
• Golden
(yellow/brown/green)
– Bile
• Brown
– Hemosiderin,
lipofuschin (iron)
• Black
– Carbon
– Melanin
Special Stains
• PAS  starch/sugar
• Prussian Blue  iron
• Oil Red O  lipids
Immunohistochemistry
• Produce antibodies to specific molecules,
usually proteins
• Attach a marker of some kind to the antibody
• Wash a tissue section with the labeled antibody
Estrogen receptorBreast cancer
KeratinCarcinoma, not lymphoma
AlphafetoproteinTesticular Cancer
CD15/30Hodgkin Lymphoma
Questions?