Why did Islam spread so
easily?
• Muslims surrendered to God
• During a turbulent time Islam
brought unity.
• Islam created social justice for all
people.
9.3 Qur’an and Sunnah
• What is the Qur’an?
• Qur’an is Islam’s sacred book and is
considered the words of God.
• What is the Sunnah?
• The examples set by Muhammad
• How are they different?
Five Pillars of Islam
9.4
9.5
9.6
9.7
9.8
Profession of Faith (shahadah)
Daily Worship (salat)
Almsgiving (zakat)
Fasting ( siyam)
Pilgrimage (hajj)
Five Pillars of Islam
9.4 Profession of Faith (shahadah)
“There is no god but God, and
Muhammad is the messenger of God.”
Profession of Faith
(shahadah)
3. How does Allah relate to the
God of Christians and Jews?
Christians, Jews and Muslims
worship the same God.
Five Pillars of Islam
Profession of Faith (shahadah)
4. Muslims believe that angels do Allah’s work
throughout the universe.
Judgment is that some people will go to
“paradise” while others will not.
9.5 #2 Daily Worship (salat)
1&2. Muslims pray towards Makkah (Mecca)
five times a day, wherever they are.
3. They must perform ritual washings of
their hands, face, arms and feet.
9.5 Daily Worship (salat)
What do beads, rugs, mosques, the qibla,
muezzins, and imams how to do with
worship?
• Prayer beads are used to recite God’s
characteristics
• Rugs are for kneeling on
• Mosques are the place to gather for prayer
• Qibla shows the direction of Makkah
• Muezzins call others to prayer
• Imams are prayer leaders
9.6 #3 Almsgiving (zakat)
• 1. Muslims are charitable because they believe
that wealth is purified by giving some of it
away.
• Sharing your “wealth” helps to control greed
• Giving to others reminds people of God’s gifts
to oneself.
9.6 Almsgiving (zakat)
• Muslims are asked to give 1/40 of their surplus
wealth and possessions.
• Zakat pays to orphanages, hospitals, soups kitchens,
and provides clothing and shelter for the poor.
• Also zakat pays debts for the poor and helps
stranded travelers.
• Jews, Christians and Muslims are all encouraged to
give a portion of their wealth to support others.
9.7 Fasting (siyam)
1.
Siyam is daily fasting during Ramadan (30 days),
the ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar.
2.
It is performed from sunrise to sunset. No eating or
drinking is allowed.
What rule about food is observed during Ramadan?
3. Muslims break the daily fast at sunset with dates and
other food and drink. At the end of Ramadan, there
are special foods, gifts exchanged and giving to the
poor.
4. Ramadan encourages generosity, equality, and
charity. It is a time to forgive people, give thanks
and avoid arguments.
9.8 Pilgrimage (hajj)
1.
2.
3.
4.
The hajj promotes fellowship and equality.
Muslims wear simple white clothing on this special
journey.
The Ka’ba is a shrine built by Abraham to honor
God.
During the hajj, Muslims also travel along a special
passage between two small hills, as Hagar (wife of
Abraham) did when she searched for water for her
son. Muslims camp in tents at Mina, pray at the
plain of Arafat, and some climb Mount Arafat.
Before returning home Muslims will circle the Ka’ba
seven more times. (remember picture of people
circling the stone)
9.9 jihad (struggle)
1.
2.
3.
4.
Jihad gives Muslims a way to respond positively to
external and internal challenges.
The “lesser jihad” relates to the external struggle
against oppression, the outer battle.
The “greater jihad” is the fight against oneself.
During war, Muslims SHOULD honor agreements
made with enemies and SHOULD NOT mutilate the
dead, harm innocent people, or destroy property,
orchards, crops, sacred objects, or houses of
worship.
9.10 Shari’ah (Islamic
Law)
1.
2.
3.
4.
Shari’ah is the body of Islamic law based on the Qur’an
and the Sunnah. Islamic law guides Muslims in their
personal behavior. It was developed by caliphs and
scholars who used the Qur’an and the Sunnah to solve
problems that arose.
Shari’ah promotes obedience to the Qur’an and respect
for others.
Three examples of behaviors that shari’ah regulates are
to not eat pork, drink alcohol, or gamble. Muslims must
dress modestly.
Over the years shari’ah has been influenced by western
codes of law. These laws continue to change in
response to modern ways of life.