Why did Byzantine emperor Leo III forbid the use
of icons in 730? How did the pope react to Leo's
order?
Emperor Leo III forbid icons because he thought that the people
were worshiping the statues and not the gods themselves. If a
statue broke then the people would be hysterical. This resulted
in iconoclasm; where people smashed religious art. Popes
everywhere were furious with Leo III. Pope Gregory III
excommunicated Leo from his church. Excommunication is
when someone is deprived of their membership to the church
http://www.banagherparish.com/images/ReligiousIcon.jpg
What event in 800 increased tensions between
east and west?
At the time Empress Irene was the ruler of Byzantine. Just
because she was a woman pope Leo III thought she couldn't
protect him and the church. So he crowned Charlemagne as Holy
Roman Emperor. This made the Byzantines furious who thought
they were the rightful rulers of the Roman Empire.
http://jacksonbbrown.com/ss/wpcontent/uploads/2012/09/Charlemagne-Crownedby-Pope-Leo-III1.jpg
How did the relationship between the Eastern
Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church
change in 1054?
The Byzantine empire wanted to regain control of the church. The
patriarch of Constantinople, Cerularius, closed all the churches
that worshiped with western rites. When Leo IX heard about this
he was furious. He sent a cardinal to excommunicate Cerularius.
So the change between the two churches was that the
Byzantine empire wanted to regain control of the Church.
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Reading Notes 6.4
1. What was the relationship between religion and government in the
Byzantine Empire?
The government and religion where entwined with each other
because religion was the most important part of peoples daily
lives. The Byzantines viewed their empire not just as a head
government but as a living representative of God and Jesus. This
meant that the church and state were combined into one allpowerful body.
The red is
the area they
controlled
2. The Eastern Orthodox Church played a central role
in daily life. Most people attended church every day.
Religious sacraments gave people a shape of journey
from birth to death. The Byzantines considered the
church as the center of their daily life
The symbol is
the sign of the
church
Reading Notes 6.3 The Reign of
Justinian I
1)What event forced Justinian to start rebuilding parts of
Constantinople ?
The Nika Riots (Nika meaning win or conquer) started at a chariot
race when Justinian I arrested members of the blue and green teams.
After this the people revolted setting ablaze to the great city of
Constantinople. Justinian I advisors urged him to flea, but his wife
Theodora pleaded with him to stay and fight back. After the riots the
city lay in ruins. This is still one of the most deadly riots to date
2) What were some of the improvements as a
result of Justinian I public works project?
The city buildings were improved. Many new
bridges were contracted. Life was made a little
easier
3)How has Justinian I’s code affected the modern
world?
Justinian code updated the outdated confusing
laws of the Romans and he created more rights
for women. Some of his laws are still used today