Network Engineering Taster Day
Mark Clements
Welcome to Engineering Taster Day:
Morning Session
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Ambassadors
Fire alarms
Emergency exits
Gathering points
Toilets
Breaks
30 March 2012
Engineering Taster Day
Today :
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Network Design Methodology.
Preliminary processes.
Modular Design.
Modular options.
Wiring Closet choices.
Vertical Cabling issues.
When to use fibre optic cabling.
Power problems & solutions.
30 March 2012
Engineering Taster Day
Network Design Methodology
1.
Gather network requirements
2.
Document the logical and physical network implementation.
3.
Design layer 1, 2 and 3 structures.
4.
Carry out analysis of user requirements.
5.
Gather users’ requirements and expectations.
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Users, skills, attitudes towards IT.
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Mission-critical data & operations.
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Protocols allowed on network.
We shall concentrate on the first FOUR parts of this
methodology.
30 March 2012
Engineering Taster Day
Design process includes
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Designer - person doing the design.
Client - person paying for the design.
User(s) - person(s) who will be using the product .
Brainstorming – the generation of ideas
Specifications development - to meet client
objectives and satisfy certain standards.
Building and testing – measuring performance to
gauge how well the design works.
30 March 2012
Engineering Taster Day
Required Documentation
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Engineering journal.
Logical topology.
Physical topology.
Labelled outlets.
Labelled cable runs.
Summary of outlets and cable runs.
Cut sheets.
30 March 2012
Engineering Taster Day
The Network Choice
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The de facto current network implementation
of choice will be Ethernet.
100BASE-TX available – 100Mbps.
Always use at least 100BASE-TX or FX for
vertical cabling.
Begin with physical layer design.
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Layer 2 & 3 design comes later.
30 March 2012
Engineering Taster Day
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30 March 2012
Engineering Taster Day
Modular Design
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This approach divides a system into small
modules (parts).
Each module can be designed separately.
Makes design and testing easier.
Good for replicated items e.g., the network
on several floors of a building.
30 March 2012
Engineering Taster Day
Network Layers
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Layer 1 is the cables (or wireless links).
Layer 2 is responsible for the transfer of data
between adjacent network nodes (e.g., PC to
switch).
Layer 3 is responsible for data transfer
between a source host on one network to a
destination host on a different network.
30 March 2012
Engineering Taster Day
Design Groups
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At this point, you should begin thinking
about splitting into smaller groups to
carry out your design.
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Cabling of individual floors of buildings.
Cabling between floors of buildings.
Cabling between buildings.
Costing and time estimation.
You need to do this before the
afternoon sessions
30 March 2012
Engineering Taster Day
3
Cabling a floor of a building (logical design)
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30 March 2012
Engineering Taster Day
Cabling a floor of a building (physical design)
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Horizontal cabling uses
Category 6 cabling (Cat 6).
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An individual length of
copper cable can only run
for 100 metres in an
Ethernet environment.
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Good up to 1000 Mbps.
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See ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.210 specifications.
30 March 2012
Engineering Taster Day
Horizontal Cabling
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Horizontal Cross
Connect (HCC).
One floor only.
Patch panels.
Patch cords (jumpers).
Don’t exceed 100m.
Use Cat 6 cabling.
30 March 2012
Engineering Taster Day
Layer 1 alternative - wireless
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WiFi can be used to provide end users with
connectivity.
Good for listed buildings.
Quick to install.
Good for laptops, tablets, smartphones.
Can give poor coverage if poorly designed.
Electrical interference can limit the data rate.
Not used to link buildings or floors together.
30 March 2012
Engineering Taster Day
Cabling between floors of a building
Main Distribution Frame
(MDF) on centre floor.
Intermediate Distribution
Frames (IDFs) on other
floors.
Point of Presence (POP)
connected to MDF.
Vertical cabling used
here.
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30 March 2012
Engineering Taster Day
Cabling between floors - fibre
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30 March 2012
Engineering Taster Day
Wiring Closets (MDF and IDF)
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Careful choice required for MDF & IDFs.
For today, assume that a closet is available in the
centre of each building.
Large enough for all equipment.
Lighting, power, door size.
Horizontal cabling not to exceed 90m.
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If it exceeds 90m, install an IDF.
Heating/ventilation/air conditioning (HVAC) issues .
Floor strength is important.
30 March 2012
Engineering Taster Day
Wiring Closets 2
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At least 2 fire rated plywood covered walls
Raised floor desirable or tiled, painted concrete etc –
no carpet
Near POP – connection to Internet
21° C and 30% – 50% humidity
Good lighting & power supply
0.9m door must swing outwards
Lock to be outside, but allow anyone inside to get
out
30 March 2012
Engineering Taster Day
Cabling between Buildings - Fibre Optic
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Solves
grounding
problems.
Avoids lightning
problems.
High data rate.
Expensive!
30 March 2012
Engineering Taster Day
Extended Star Topology
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Engineering Taster Day
Backbone (Vertical) Cabling Runs
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Maximum distances for vertical cabling are
shown in the table below.
30 March 2012
Engineering Taster Day
Costings
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Assume the following prices for network components:
PC £500.
24-port switch £400.
2811 router with 4 serial ports £1200.
Linksys WRT300N Wireless-N Router £200.
Cat 6 cabling per metre £0.20.
Cat 6 installation & termination £0.20 per metre.
Double the above cabling costs for fibre optic cabling.
Cable outlets (2-way) £2.00
2m Ethernet patch/outlet cable £2.00
30 March 2012
Engineering Taster Day
Conclusion
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Gather user requirements & analyse
Brainstorm ideas & use design process
Document all work
Follow cabling regulations, no more than
100m for metallic Cat 6 cable
Choose wiring closets carefully
Use fibre for backbones, vertical cabling and
between buildings to avoid power problems
30 March 2012
Engineering Taster Day
References
1.
2.
3.
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http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_fYpiec4PxIc/TJrIk3OW37I/AAAAAAAAABI/K0ujZU1QJac/s1600/star.jpg
http://www.techonlineindia.com/Libraries/tol/Joe3.sflb.ashx
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_8rA8izP54U4/SFadBFotFNI/AAAAAAAAAM0/089fMDFIsFk/s400/alan_sugar
_pitcrew_01.jpg
30 March 2012
Engineering Taster Day