PAD190
PRINCIPLES OF PUBLIC
ADMINISTRATION
LESSON 5
GOVERNMENT
AGENCIES
INTRODUCTION
GOVERNMENT AGENCIES PLAY VERY IMPORTANT
ROLES IN ENSURING THE EFFECTIVE
IMPLEMENTATION OF EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS
AND TO IMPROVE EFFICIENCY IN PUBLIC
SERVICES. GOVERNMENT AGENCIES ARE
RESPONSIBLE TO CARRY OUT THE POLICIES
DECIDED UPON GOVERNMENT. THE SUCCESFUL
OF GOVERNMENT VERY MUCH DEPEND ON THE
FUNCTIONS OF GOVERNMENT AGENCIES.
THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS LESSON
After attended this lecture student should be
able to:1. Identify the Malaysian government
agency.
2. Differentiate between central and
operational agency.
3. Explain the functions of government
agency.
4. Explain the example of government
agency.
WHAT IS GOVERNMENT AGENCY?
• A government agency is a permanent or semi-permanent
organization in the machinery of government that is
responsible for the oversight and administration of specific
functions, such as planning agency.
• The functions of an agency are normally executive in
character.
• A government agency may be established by either a national
government or a state government within a federal system.
• Agencies can be established by legislation or by executive
powers. The autonomy, independence and accountability of
government agencies also vary widely.
• Government agencies are administrative units of government
responsible for policy implementation and administration of
governmental activities.
GOVERNMENT AGENCY IN MALAYSIA
• Government agencies in Malaysia are either executive
agencies answerable to cabinet known as
departmental agencies or non-departmental agencies
answerable directly to the parliament or state
legislative assembly.
• Departmental agencies are created by the executive
power and most non-departmental agencies can be
created by enabling legislation by the Parliament or
State legislative assembly.
• The federal government agencies in Malaysia answer to
the federal government. The state agencies usually
answer to the state government.
TYPES OF GOVERNMENT AGENCY
CENTRAL
AGENCIES
• TO ASSIST, COORDINATE
AND CONTROL THE
RUNNING OF OPERATING
AGENCIES
OPERATIONAL
AGENCIES
• EXECUTING AND
IMPLEMENTING THE
POLICIES DECIDED UPON
BY THE GOVERNMENT
CENTRAL AGENCIES IN MALAYSIA
• MAMPU – MALAYSIAN ADMINISTRATIVE
MODERNIZATION AND MANAGEMENT PLANNING
UNIT
• INTAN – NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC
ADMINISTRATION MALAYSIA
• ICU – IMPLEMENTATION COORDINATION UNIT
• EPU – ECONOMIC PLANNING UNIT
• TREASURY
• JPA – Public Service Department
ECONOMIC PLANNING UNIT (EPU)
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•
•
•
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Formulate policies and strategies for socio-economic development;
Prepare medium and long-term plans;
Prepare development programmes and project budget;
Monitor and evaluate the achievement of development programmes and
projects;
Advise Government on economic issues;
Initiate and undertake necessary economic research;
Plan and coordinate the privatization programme and evaluate its
achievement;
Coordinate Malaysia's involvement in the development of the Growth Triangle
Initiatives;
Initiate and coordinate bilateral and multilateral assistance; and
Monitor and evaluate investment activities to ensure they are in line with the
corporate equity restructuring objective.
OPERATIONAL AGENCIES
IMPLEMENTING GOVERNMENT
PROJECTS AND PROGRAMMES
• GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENT – CREATED BY
EXECUTIVE POWER TO IMPLEMENT THE DAY TO
DAY GOVERNMENT OPERATION
• STATUTORY BODIES/CORPORATION/ENTERPRISES –
CREATED BY PARLIAMENT THROUGH AN
ENACTMENT OF LAW
• NON-STATUTORY BODIES/CORPORATION (GLCs) –
CREATED BY THE GOVERNMENT TO UNDERTAKE
CERTAIN BUSINESS ACTIVITIES WHICH RELATED TO
NATIONAL INTEREST.
GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS
• DIRECTLY UNDER THE MINISTER’S CONTROL
• DO NOT HAVE AUTHORITY
• FULLY GOVERNMENT FUNDED (GOVERNMENT
BUDGET)
• Eg: Department of Education, Transport
Department, Police Department, Higher
Education Department, Imigresen
Department, Royal Custom Department
STATUTORY BODIES
• STATUTORY BODY IS ONE CREATED BY AN ACT OR
STATUTE OF PARLIAMENT OR STATE LAGISLATIVE
ASSEMBLY
• SEMI AUTONOMOUS BODY TO PERFORMAN A SPECIFIC
TASK STATED IN THE ACT
• HAS AN AUTHORITY TO REGULATE AND CONTROL
• Such bodies do not have shareholders, but are typically
boards appointed by a sponsor minister
• PARTLY GOVERNMENT FUNDED AND HAS OWN FUND
• EG: FELDA, FAMA, FINAS, LLM, LHDN, PUBLIC
UNIVERSITY
NON-STATUTORY BODIES
• GOVERNMENT-LINKED COMPANIES (GLCs)
• REGISTERED UNDER THE MALAYSIAN COMPANY
ACT 1965
• CORPORATE ENTITY
• GOVERNMENT OWN 51% SHARE CAPITAL
• ESTABLISHED TO OPERATE COMMERCIAL AFFAIRS
• HAS FULL AUTONOMY
• BUSINESS ORIENTED AND PROFIT MAKING
• EG: PETRONAS, MAS, TNB, PROTON, KHAZANAH
MALAYSIA, MISC
TUTORIAL
• Explain the two types of government
agencies.
• What are the functions of Central and
Operational agencies?
• Describe the example of Central and
Operational agencies in Malaysia.
• Distinguish between statutory and nonstatutory bodies.
THAT ALL FOR TODAY
SEE YOU AGAIN NEXT LECTURE
LESSON 6
“PUBLIC POLICY”
THANK YOU