Lesson 3
도치구문/분사구문
Lesson 3 도치구문
어구를 강조하기 위해서 또는 문법상의 이유로 주어와 동사의 어순이 「동사 +
주어」 어순으로 바뀌는 구문이다.
부사(구) 강조
•「부사(구) + 동사 + 주어」
The balloon went up.
→ Up went the balloon.
A dog was under the tree.
→ Under the tree was a dog.
A great castle stood just in front of me.
→ Just in front of me stood a great castle.
부정어 강조
•「부정어 + 조동사 + 주어 + 본동사」
He did not say a single word.
→ Not a single word did he say.
I have never seen such a handsome boy.
→ Never have I seen such a handsome boy.
She did not come to school until 10 o’clock.
→ Not until 10 o’clock did she come to school.
So / Neither / Nor + (조)동사 + 주어
• so는 긍정, neither/nor는 부정을 나타내며, 조동사는 앞에 나온 문장의
동사에 따라 달리 쓰인다.
She likes cats, and so do I.
– I didn’t go to Mary’s birthday party.
– Neither did I.
✽ Here을 포함한 장소의 부사구가 문두에 왔을 때, 주어가 대명사인 경우
도치가 일어나지 않는다.
Here comes the sun.
Here I come.
In the tree sang the birds.
In the tree they sang.
Lesson 3 분사구문
「접속사 + 주어 + 동사」의 부사절에서 접속사와 주어를 생략하여 부사구로
간결하게 나타낸 구문이다.
분사구문을 만드는 법
① 부사절의 접속사를 생략한다.
② 부사절의 주어가 주절의 주어와 일치하는 경우 부사절의 주어를 생략한다.
✽주어가 다른 경우
When Sandra got home, all of her family members welcomed her.
→ Sandra getting home, all of her family members welcomed her.
③ 부사절의 동사를
원형으로 바꾼
후 -ing를 붙인다.
Lesson
1 관계대명사와
관계 부사
As I skipped breakfast, I was hungry.
→ Skipping breakfast, I was hungry.
✽ -ing가 being 또는 having been인 경우 생략 가능하다.
Although he was called, he didn’t move.
→ (Being) Called, he didn’t move.
✽ 분사구문의 부정: not / never + 분사구문
Not feeling well, she didn’t have dinner.
분사구문의 의미
1. 동시동작: as
Listening to music, she read a book.
(= As she listened)
2. 시간: when, as, after, before
Running to the classroom, she shouted with joy.
(= When she ran)
3. 이유: because, since, as
Having a lot to do, I can’t play with you.
(= Because I have)
4. 양보: although, though
Being tired, he worked very hard.
(=Though he was tired)
5. 조건: if
Walking slowly, you won’t catch up with him.
(=If you walk slowly)