EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE
ELEMENTS
BAROQUE REVIEW QUESTIONS
OVERVIEW CHECK
GENRE CHECK
EXAM 1 FORMAT & PROCEDURE
Note that this study guide might be revised
up until one week before the exam.
ELEMENTS REVIEW
Term banks appear in
Part I: Ch 1, 2
Part I: Ch 5, 6, 7
Part III: Ch 3, 10
Know definitions and sounds that terms create (e.g., “pizzicato”,
a plucked string, creates a sound quite unlike that of a bowed
string. Terms are on next slide.
Know sounds of all producers listed on the next slide.
CHAPTER 2: PERFORMING MEDIA
KNOW ALL OF THE FOLLOWING BY SIGHT AND SOUND.
Voices
soprano
alto
tenor
bass
Keyboard
piano
harpsichord
organ
Electronic
synthesizer
Strings
violin
viola
cello
bass
harp
Woodwinds
recorder
flute
oboe
clarinet
saxophone
bassoon
Brass
Terms
trumpet
mute
horn
pizzicato
trombone
reed
tuba
mouthpiece
Percussion
vibrato
timpani
xylophone
snare drum
Very important helps:
Connect Kamien
McGraw-Hill web site
YouTube Gems
ELEMENTS REVIEW
1. Name the dynamic levels we will use this semester.
2. What is a melodic contour?
3. What is a theme?
4. Harmony: Generally, ________ resolves to ________.
5. Explain the most basic differences between monophony,
polyphony, and homophony.
6. ________ imparts music’s characteristic rhythmic “feel.”
7. The position of a note head in, above, or below the staff
communicates the sound’s ________.
8. Forms in music balance _________ and _________.
9. The feeling for key or tonality requires that a central tone,
“DO,” be supported by appropriate ________ and ________.
BAROQUE REVIEW
1.
What is a basso continuo?
What instruments might perform in a basso continuo?
chording: _______, _______, _______
bass: _______, _______, _______
Name a genre that uses it.
What is its function? (One word will do!)
2.
In OPERA describe the role of:
recitative
aria
Can you hear the difference between the opening recitative
and the aria that follows in “Dido’s Lament”?
REVIEW
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
In opera, why is homophony favored over polyphony?
What role did Monteverdi give the opera orchestra? How
did he accomplish his goals for the orchestra?
Explain how opera manifests the Baroque culture’s love
of combining elements.
Give some examples that illustrate the Baroque culture’s
penchant for decorating “things.”
What does “baroque” mean?
Describe the following forms and explain how unity and
contrast are projected in each:
ritornello
fugue
AABB (often called binary form; common to dances)
BAROQUE REVIEW
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Describe the orchestra in the Baroque era. Which
instrument family was most highly developed?
Who is Antonio Stradivari, and what was his life’s work?
What is an “absolute monarch”?
Who is Louis XIV? Cite some aspects of his “summer
home” that reflect baroque interests, tastes, needs, etc.
Describe a typical court musician’s life.
What is the Camerata? What genre did its members bring
about?
What is the difference between text (word) painting and
text expression?
BAROQUE REVIEW
16. Renaissance (16thC) complex polyphony gives way to early
Baroque (17thC) ___________. What genre caused that
change, and why did it do so?
17. Cite three important differences between the lives and music
of Bach and Handel.
18. How do cantatas fit into the Lutheran worship service?
19. In what ways are opera and oratorio similar? Cite three VIMP
differences between the genres.
BAROQUE REVIEW
21. Describe each of the popular Baroque Era genres:
opera
cantata
oratorio
concerto
chorale
suite (dance suite)
22. Some terms from Baroque unit:
ritornello
recitative
concerto grosso
solo concerto
cadenza
French Overture
tutti
strophic
aria
ensemble
overture
basso continuo
libretto
BAROQUE LISTENING
Bach, Brandenburg Concerto No. 5, mvt. 1
Vivaldi, Concerto for Violin and Orchestra (Spring)
from the Four Seasons, mvt. 1
Bach, Organ Fugue in G Minor
Monteverdi, Tu se morta from L’Orfeo
Purcell, Dido’s Lament from Dido and Aeneas
Bach, Bourée from Suite No. 3 in D Major
Bach, Cantata No. 140 (Wachet Auf), Mvts. 4, 7
Handel, Ev’ry Valley Shall Be Exalted from Messiah
Handel, Hallelujah Chorus from Messiah
Entries in red are assigned as Self-Guided Studies.
LISTENING SUMMARY
•Bach
•Brandenburg Concerto No. 5 in D Maj, Mvt. 1
•Concerto Grosso
•I=
– ritornello form
– soloists=flute, violin, harpsichord
– long harpsichord cadenza
• a technical “tour de force”
• much drive toward final ritornello
Connect Kamien
LISTENING SUMMARY
•Vivaldi
•Concerto for Violin & Orchestra, Op. 8, No. 1, (Spring
from the Four Seasons ), Mvt. 1
•Concerto
•I=
– Ritornello form
– Program music
Connect Kamien
LISTENING SUMMARY
•Monteverdi
•Tu sé morta from L’Orfeo
•operatic recitative
•I=
– basso continuo accomp
What two instruments do you hear?
– text expression of mournful mood:
• word painting
• dark tone color
• slow tempo
LISTENING SUMMARY
Purcell
Dido’s Lament from Dido and
Aeneas
operatic aria (w/ recitative opening)
I=
• orchestra accomp
• ground bass unifies
• text expression of mournful mood:
•
•
•
•
slow tempo
minor key
descending chromatic bass line
“sighing” gesture
Connect Kamien
LISTENING SUMMARY
Bach
Orchestral Suite No. 3 in D Major, Bourrée
Dance Suite Movement
I=
• Driving, exuberant rhythm
• AABB form
• Careful control of timbre
Connect Kamien
LISTENING SUMMARY
Bach
Cantata #140, (Wachet auf )
Sacred cantata
I=
• Mvt 4: 2 highly contrasting ideas
combined in Ritornello-like organization
• Mvt 7: simple homophonic chorale
Connect Kamien
LISTENING SUMMARY
Handel
Ev’ry Valley shall be Exalted from Messiah
Aria from Oratorio
I=
• Word painting
• Ritornello form
Connect Kamien
LISTENING SUMMARY
Handel
Hallelujah Chorus from Messiah
Oratorio
I= Frequent and sudden texture changes
• Monophony, polyphony, homophony
• Word painting
Connect Kamien
MATCH GENRES WITH THEIR DESCRIPTIONS
Collection of dance-inspired movements
Cantata
Chorale
Concerto
Opera
Oratorio
Suite
Multi-movement work for chorus, vocal soloists, orchestra, organ,
most sacred ones are based on a familiar chorale
Large-scale work combines visual, vocal & instrumental music, and
literature
Large-scale work for chorus, orchestra, narrator, usually based on
Old Testament story
A hymn, important in Lutheran worship service
Multi-movement instrumental music that features two performing
groups—soloist(s) and accompanying orchestra
EXAM 1 TOPICS
1. General questions:
Elements: terms, concepts
Baroque Era: history, culture, music’s function
Part III: Ch 1 & 2
1.
2.
3.
4.
Architecture, décor, Baroque tastes & interests
Technology and influence on music
Visual arts
Developments in music
2. Listening:
Elements: instrument, voice recognition, performance
technique terms
Baroque listening—Pieces we have studied
3. Genre check
EXAM 1
Op-Scan graded–bring pencil and eraser
multiple-choice (a few true/false)
70 questions or less:
15-20 on vocabulary, history, culture, genres, etc.
approximately 50 on listening
elements, instruments, voices
Baroque pieces
Test session organization:
1.
begin exam
2.
listening–starts about 15 minutes into test session
3.
quiet time to work on and/or finish non-listening part of exam
4.
listening
You may hear all of the music excerpts as often as you wish.
You may take as much as or as little of the 50 minute class time as you wish.