Frequency and predictors of consistent
condom use in HIV/AIDS patients receiving
antiretroviral therapy in Western Ethiopia
Zewdneh Shewamene Sabe (B.Pharm, MSc)
College of Medicine and Health Sciences
University of Gondar, Ethiopia
November 26, 2014
Outline
 Introduction
 Objectives
 Materials and methods
 Results and Discussion
 Conclusion
2
Introduction
o HIV/AIDS is one of the greatest public health
problems of sub-Saharan Africa countries
o Consistent condom use among others remains
the most effective barrier method against HIV
transmission
3
Introduction…
 Rationale of the study
o So far, facilitators and barriers to consistent
condom use among the public has been
addressed
o However, frequency and predictors of consistent
condom use in HIV/AIDS patients was not
studied adequately
o This scenario deserved to be investigated
4
Objectives
o To investigate the frequency and predictors of
consistent condom use in HIV/AIDS patients
5
Materials and Methods
 Study setting and design
o The study was conducted at university of
Gondar referral Hospital anti-retroviral treatment
(ART) clinic
o A total of 330 randomly selected patients were
interviewed using structured interview guide
o Cross sectional study design was adapted from
April to May, 2013
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Materials and Methods…
 Statistical analysis and ethical issues
o The data were coded, entered, cleaned, and analyzed
using SPSS Statistics, version 20 for Windows
o Descriptive statistics were conducted using frequencies
and proportions
o Bivariate and multivariate analyses were carried out
using logistic regression to examine associations
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Result and Discussion
Table 1: Socio-demographic Characteristics
Variables
Sex
Male
Female
Age(years)
18-30
31-45
46-65
>65
Religion
Orthodox
Muslim
Protestant
Marital status
Married
Single
Divorced
Widowed
Urban
Residence
Rural
Educational status Primary school
Secondary school
Higher education
Illiterate
Frequency (No = 317)
158
159
105
148
50
14
212
82
23
140
67
57
53
234
83
105
118
40
54
Percent (%)
49.8
50.2
33.1
46.7
15.8
4.4
66.9
25.9
7.2
44.2
21.1
18.0
16.7
73.8
26.2
33.1
37.3
12.6
8
17.0
Result...
Table 2: General awareness regarding condom use
Variables
Have u ever heard of condom?
Yes
No
Have you ever attend any condom session?
Yes
No
Correct use of condom will prevent HIV/AIDS Yes
transmission?
No
Correct use of condom will prevent STIs?
Yes
Correct use of condom will prevent pregnancy?
The HIV virus cannot pass` through the condom
I always use condom during sex in the last six
months
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
yes
No
Frequency
(n=317)
305
12
182
135
275
Percentage
(%)
96.2
3.8
57.4
42.6
86.8
42
267
13.2
84.2
50
295
22
238
79
250
67
15.8
93.1
6.9
75.1
24.9
78.9
21.1
9
Result...
Table 3: Facilitators of consistent condom use
Consistent condom use Bivariate
Analysis COR
Yes
No
(95% CI)
Variables
Sex
Male
Female
Residenti Urban
al area Rural
Multivariate
analysis AOR
(95% CI)
Pvalue
140(88.6%) 18(11.4%) 8.38 (4.83-13.99) 6.87 (3.84-11.22) 0.001
1.00
110(69.1%) 49(30.9%) 1.00
188(80.3%) 46(19.7%) 6.40 (3.44-11.80) 4.65 (3.09-9.11)
62(74.6%) 21(25.4%) 1.00
1.00
84(80%)
Educatio Primary
nal
status
Secondary 99(83.9%)
21(20%)
0.001
1.98 (1.43-2.48)
1.45 (1.03-2.23)
0.023
19(16.1%) 2.00 (1.43-3.87)
1.74 (1.23-2.98)
0.011
Higher
37(92.5%)
3(7.5%)
12.38 (7.70-20.84) 8.98 (5.06-14.45) 0.001
Illiterate
30(55.6%)
24(44.4%) 1.00
1.00
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Result...
 Consistent condom use was reported by 250
(78.9%) participants; 140 (88.6%) males and 110
(69.1%) of females (OR 6.87; 95% CI 3.84-11.22)
o Men were more exposed for dialogues with friends and
colleagues (Yalew et al, 2012)
o Females unable to negotiate condom use during sexual
intercourse (Kennedy et al 2007)
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Result...
 Participants aged between 31-45 years (OR
1.98; 95%CI 1.51-2.29) were more likely to
practice consistent condom use compared to
other age groups
o Participants at sexually active age were more likely to
have better information concerning condom (Dia et
al, 2010, Hurtado et al, 2011)
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Result...
 Consistent use of condom was significantly different
between urban (OR 4.65; 95% CI 3.09-9.11) and
rural participants
o Information gap would exist between these areas
(Dessie et al, 2011)
13
Result...
 Respondents with an advanced level of
education were more likely to report regular use
of condoms (OR 8.98; 95% CI 5.06-14.45)
compared to those without the education
o This result is quite similar with a study in Addis
Ababa public hospitals (Dessie et al, 2011) which
could possibly be due to behavioral changes
acquainted through education
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Result...
 Duration since ART initiated was significant
predictor of consistent condom use (OR 3.91,
95%CI 2.07-6.25)
 This could be due to the more robust counseling among
ART experienced patients compared to those who were
new for ART
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Conclusion
 Significant portion of the following HIV/AIDS
patients were not using condom consistently
 Females
 Rural dwellers
 Uneducated groups and
 New ART users
 In light of this, increasing awareness about the importance
of consistent condom use among HIV/AIDS patients will be
critical to reduce the transmission as well as infection by
multiple viral strains
16
Acknowledgement
o University of Gondar
o Amref Health Africa
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