13.1 Regional Economics
Industrial North
MAIN IDEA
The North and
South develop
different economic
systems that lead to
political differences
between the
regions.
WHY IT MATTERS
TODAY
These differences
led to the Civil War,
and regional
differences can still
be found today.
Standards
• 8.6.1 Discuss the influence of industrialization and
technological development on the region including human
modification of the landscape and how physical geography
shaped human actions (e.g., growth of cities deforestation,
farming, and mineral extraction).
• 8.6.2 Outline the physical obstacles to and the economic and
political factors involved in building a network of roads, canals,
and railroads (e.g., Henry Clay’s American System).
• 8.6.3 List the reasons for the wave of immigration from
Northern Europe to the United States and describe the growth
in the number, size, and spatial arrangement of cities (e.g., Irish
immigrants and the Great Irish Famine).
• 8.6.4 Study the lives of black American who gained freedom in
the North and founded schools and churches to advance their
rights and communities.
• 8.7.4 Compare the lives and opportunities for free blacks in the
North with those of free blacks in the South.
Essential Questions
1. How did the new technology of the
Industrial Revolution change the way
Americans lived?
2. How did urbanization, technology, and
social change affect the North?
3. How did cotton affect the social and
economic life of the South?
4. How did Americans move west, and how did
this intensify the debate over slavery?
Daily Guided Questions
1. Why did Americans take different paths in
the early 1800’s?
2. How did the new technology of the Industrial
Revolution change the way Americans lived?
3. How did urbanization, technology, and social
change affect the North?
4. What obstacles did blacks face in the North?
Pop Quiz/Matching
1. Roads, canals, and
bridges
2. Warned European
powers.
3. The right to vote.
4. Trail of Tears
5. Vetoed Bank of the
United States
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
Nullification
Martin Van Buren
Andrew Jackson
Cherokee
Spoils System
Infrastructure
Suffrage
Monroe Doctrine
Quick Write
• Response to a quick write
question:
• “How does technology influence
your life? How would it be
different if you didn’t have that
technology today?”
Industrial Revolution
• Social and economic reorganization,
where machines took the place of hand
tools.
• Power-driven, workers with different
tasks.
• Factory system -Brings machinery and
people in the same work space.
• Capitalists-people who invest capital
(money) in a business to earn a profit.
Revolution Takes Hold
• In 18th century,
power produced
from steam, coal.
• Power-driven
machines for mass
production, build
factories.
• Changed the way
people worked.
• Mass production- identical goods
produced in large quantities.
• Interchangeable parts- identical
parts used to assemble products
by unskilled workers.
In the U.S.
• U.S. income primarily from
international trade.
• Embargo Act of 1807, War of 1812
blockade shut down trade and
shipping.
• Americans begin to invest in
domestic industries.
New England
• Textiles.
-Lowell, Mass.
becomes booming
manufacturing
center.
-Thousands, mostly
young women leave
family farms to work
in Lowell.
Lowell Mills
• Francis Cabot Lowell created a mill where
spinning and weaving created in one building.
• Factories employed young girls from local
farms, “Lowell Girls”.
-Most moved into boardinghouse.
-strict supervision, but were educated.
Factory Life
• Child Labor
-Worked in mills, coal
mines, steel foundries.
-Started at the age of
seven, uneducated.
• Unsafe conditions
-Poor lighting, accidents,
12-14 hour work days.
Urbanization
• The growth of cities due to the
movement of people from rural
(farm, country) areas to cities.
• Due to new types of work and
immigration.
Problems
• Overcrowding
• Disease
-Filthy streets, bad sewage system, and lack of
clean water.
• Fire
-Most structures made of wood.
-No organized fire companies.
Baron Axel Klinckostrom of Sweden
“One finds the streets [of
New York] dead cats and
dogs, which makes the
air very bad; dust and
ashes are thrown out
into the streets, which
are swept once every
[two weeks].”
New Communications
• Samuel F.B. Morse’s
telegraph
-Device that used electrical
signals to send messages
quickly over long distances.
-Can communicate in hours
instead of weeks.
Other Inventions
• Mechanical Reaper and Threshers.
• Sewing Machine.
• Steam ships and Clipper ships.
• Railroad.
-All weather, connected all industry.
-By 1840, 3,000 of track was built.
New Immigrants/ The Irish Famine
• 1845 a fungus attacked potato crop,
leading to a famine, “The Great
Hunger.”
• Famine-widespread starvation.
• Over a million died, one million left
Ireland, mostly the poor.
• Men- Construction and railroads.
• Women- Household servants.
Germans
• Escaping revolutions, they
came from all social
backgrounds.
• Most moved to the Ohio River
Valley and the Great lakes
region.
Nativists
• People who wanted to preserve the country for
white, American-born Protestants.
• Opposed Irish (Catholics).
• Created Know-Nothing Political Party.
African Americans in the North
• Discrimination- Denial of equal rights
or equal treatment based on race,
religion, cultures, or nationality.
• Slavery ended by the early 1800’s.
-couldn’t vote.
-segregated.
-portrayed as inferior.
Reading and Writing Assignment
• Read “Mill Worker”, pg.262-263.
• Answer these Questions:
1. Identify two ways that Lucy interacts with the
setting.
2. How did she feel about work in the first three
paragraphs?
3. How did she feel about work in the remaining
paragraphs?
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Describe details of daily life in a mill.
When would they go to work?
How long was the workday?
Did they get breaks?
What did she think about the machinery?
Why did she leave school after three
months?
10.What were the last impressions about the
mill?
• Write a rough draft using the information
you have gathered about working at a mill.
Study Guide
•Copy and complete the
study guide on pg. 117,
use can use textbook pg.
264-269 to complete it.
Homework
• Daily guided questions are due at
the end of the unit.
• On Wednesday
-Comic Strips
-Unit study guide
-Test Review