Protists I
Lab 3
BIOL 171
Remember!: Classification System
We’ll be
looking at all
of these!
Ancestral
Eukaryote
Protists are
everywhere in
Eukarya!
“the junk
drawer of the
eukaryotes”
We’ll be
looking at all
of these!
Ancestral
Eukaryote
Protists are
everywhere in
Eukarya!
“the junk
drawer of the
eukaryotes”
6 Kingdoms
•
•
•
•
•
•
Plants (Plantae)
Animals (Animalia)
Fungi (Fungi)
Eubacteria
Archaeabacteria
Protista
A constantly changing system…
Linnaeus[5] Haeckel[6]
(1735)
(1866)
2 kingdoms 3 kingdoms
Animalia
Vegetabilia
Chatton[7]
(1925)
2 groups
Animalia
Plantae
Eukaryote
Copeland[8] Whittaker[2] Woese [9][10]
(1938)
(1969)
(1977,1990)
4 kingdoms 5 kingdoms 3 domains
Animalia
Animalia
Plantae
Plantae
Protoctista
(not
treated)
Protista
Prokaryote
Monera
Fungi
Eukarya
Protista
Monera
Archaea
Bacteria
Lab Study A: Euglenozoans
– Trypanosoma levisi (prepared slide)
– Euglena (make wet mount) – not in
manual (use depression slide)
– Termites (Trichonympha) - procedure
not in manual
Trypanosoma and red blood cells
Euglena
Trichonympha
• Lives in the intestine of the termite
• Bacterial endosymbionts inside Trichonympha
digest cellulose
- Termite > Trichonympha > Spirochetes
Procedure
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Place a couple of drops of Ringer’s solution on a clean slide.
Transfer a termite into the drop of solution.
Place slide under a dissecting microscope.
Place the tips of dissecting needles at either end of the termite and pull in
opposite directions.
Locate the long tube that is the termite’s intestine.
Place a cover slip over the specimen and lightly press down on coverslip to
release the Trichonympha from the intestines. Observe with a compound
microscope.
Lab Study B: Alveolates
Ciliate:
Paramecium caudatum – (wet
mount) in manual
Dinoflagellates: mixed
dinoflagellates (live & wet
mount), and Peridinium (wet
mount) not in manual
Paramecium structures
Dinoflaggelates
Lab Study C: Stramenopiles
Diatoms (Bacillariophyta) –
make wet mount
Also observe diatomaceous earth (the cell
wall deposits from diatoms) – make wet
mount and look at prepared slides
Diatom diversity
Diatom cell wall made of silica
Stramenopile flagella
Brown Algae (Phaeophyta)
Living: Ectocarpus and Sphacelaria
Preserved: Fucus and Laminaria
Lab Study D: Rhizaria (different title from manual)
• Foraminiferans - prepared slides
Radiolarians - prepared slides
Think about…
•
•
•
•
•
•
Morphological characteristics
Ecology of the organism
How does the organism get around?
What role do they play in the ecosystem?
Do they have any economic value?
Where do they live?
• Don’t know the answer?? It’s probably a great
research question! Ask me about it.