Chapter 11 Section 1
From Bull Run to Antietam
Civil War
• War between the Union
states of the North and
the Confederate states
of the South
• 1861-1865
First Battle of Bull Run
• 1st major battle of the
Civil War
• 35,000 soldiers involved
• 2,900 union casualties
• Confederates suffered
fewer than 2,000
casualties
• Confederate victory
Casualty
• Military term for those
killed, wounded,
missing or captured in
battle
War of Attrition
• In this this type of war,
one side inflicts
continuous losses on
the enemy in order to
wear down its strength
Shell
• Devices that exploded
in the air or when they
hit something
Canister
• A special type of shell
filled with bullets.
• Turned cannons into
giant shotguns
Battle of Shiloh
• 1862
• Union troops under
Ulysses S. Grant were
pushed back after the
first day
• Urged to surrender but
refused
• Attacked Confederates
on the 2nd day
• Union Victory
Battle of Shiloh
• Union- 13,000
casualties
• Confederates- 11,000
casualties
• Bloodiest battle ever on
the North American
continent up to that
time
• Ended union hopes of a
quick war
Battle of Antietam
• Lee decides to invade
the North
• Union discovers Lee’s
orders
• 12,000 die in first 3
hours of battle
• At day’s end
– 12,000 union casualties
– 14,000 Confederate
casualties
Battle of Antietam
- Confederates
retreat
- Lincoln orders
Union General
McClellan to
destroy the
Confederates
–McClellan
does not
Battle of Antietam
• Becomes the bloodiest
single day of the Civil
War
Which side won the First Battle of Bull
Run? Why?
• The Confederacy
• Stonewall Jackson’s
leadership and the
arrival of fresh
confederate troops just
as the Union army was
beginning to fall back
guaranteed Confederate
victory
What were the effects of the invention of
new kinds of rifles, bullets, shells, and
canister?
• They turned the tactic
of attacking a position
with massed troops into
an act of slaughter
Briefly describe the war strategies of
the North.
• Implement “Anaconda
plan by blockading the
South and gaining
control over the
Mississippi River
• Seize Richmond
Briefly describe the war strategies of
the South.
• Fight a war of attrition
• Apply pressure on Great
Britain and France to
help by stopping cotton
exports
– South produced 75% of
the world’s cotton