Modifications and enhancements
made by the teachers of
“Foundations of Technology”
Washington County Public Schools
Chapter 7
Tools of Technology
Most PowerPoint's include in the
following order:
• Suggestions - suggestive
engagement activities / project for
the chapter
• Voluntary State Curriculum
objectives met within this chapter
and pages of the book that
correlate to these objectives.
• The long term objective for the
course. The short term objective
“Big Idea” for this chapter.
Qualifier for learning the stated
objectives.
• Lesson Procedures
• Warm Up
– Timed Daily Reading
– Timed Objectives to be written
• Introduction of an Academy or
CTE Program
• Lesson (to include learner
engaging activities)
– Higher Order questioning
– Timed group activities
• Place where you can work in
Washington County with the skills
learned in this chapter
• Review of Career
• Closure (exit ticket)
– Review of Objectives
– Homework Assignment
– Study
foundationsoftechnology.com
Suggestions
• See document on teacher website
• Contact Lee Rurack
Voluntary State Curriculum Chapter 7
VSC
Term
Pages in Text Book
1.A.4
Explain that technology liberates us from demeaning and
demanding labor and, therefore, creates more leisure.
1.C
Develop an understanding of the relationship among
technologies and the connections between technology and
other fields of study.
148
2.D.2
Defend the proposition that the evolution of civilization has
been directly affected by, and has been in turn affected, the
development and use of tools and materials
127-139
2.D.4
Analyze the development and use of technology in the preagricultural, industrial, and information ages.
146
2.D.4
Analyze the development and use of technology in the preagricultural, industrial, and information ages.
134 140-148
2.E
Develop an understanding of the influence of technology on
history.
2.E.1
Analyze how different cultures develop their own
technologies to satisfy their individual and shared needs,
wants and values.
127-139
127-148
146
Voluntary State Curriculum Chapter 7
VSC
Term
Pages in Text Book
2.E.1
Analyze how different cultures develop their own
technologies to satisfy their individual and shared needs,
wants and values.
2.E.3
Explain that the evolution of civilization has been directly
affected by, and has in turn affected the development of
tools and materials.
2.E.7
Explain that the Middle Ages saw the development of many
technological devices that produced long-lasting effects on
technology and society.
146
2.E.9
Explain that the industrial Revolution saw the development
of continuous manufacturing, sophisticated transportation
and communication systems, advanced construction
practices, and improved education and leisure time.
134 140-148
3.B.6
Explain constraints on the engineering design process. At
Least: Safety, Reliability, Economic Considerations, Quality
Control, Environmental Concerns, Manufacturability,
Maintenance, Human Factors Engineering (Ergonomics)
151-153
3.D
Select and use tools and equipment correctly and safely
151-153
3.D.2
Select and use tools based on the properties of materials
127-139
134 140-148
127-139
Voluntary State Curriculum Chapter 7
VSC
Term
Pages in Text Book
3.F
Develop abilities to use and maintain technological products and
systems
3.F.3
Operate systems so that they function in a way they were designed
3.F.4
Troubleshoot, analyze and maintain systems to ensure safe and
proper function and precision
4.E.1
Identify and describe applications of electrical technology in the
designed world. Such as: Generators, Electric motors, Alarm
systems, Automobile electrical systems
144 145
4.E.4
Analyze the magnetic effects of current (i.e., electromagnet) and the
electric effects of magnets (i.e., motors).
144
4.F.1
Identify an describe applications of electronic technology in the
designed world. Such as: computers, Telephones, Radio and
television
145-151
5.D
Develop an understanding of energy and power technologies.
139-145
5.D.1
Explain that energy cannot be created nor destroyed; however, it can
be converted from one form to another.
139-145
All
151-155
All
Voluntary State Curriculum Chapter 7
VSC
Term
Pages in Text Book
5.E
Develop an understanding of information and communication
technologies
145-151
5.E.1
Explain that information and communication systems include inputs,
processes, and outputs associates with sending and receiving
information.
145-151
5.F
Develop an understanding of transportation technologies
465
5.G
Develop an understanding of manufacturing technologies
134
5.G.6
Classify manufacturing systems as being customized production,
batch production, or continuous production.
134
Objectives
• Over Arching (Long Term) Objective (s) …
– The students will develop a basic understanding of
the design world.
– How would an improved technical awareness improve
one’s life?
• This chapters “Essential Question, Big Idea”
– The use of tools has improved our society in what
ways?
• Students will be able to answer the daily
objectives within this PowerPoint to a 70%
degree of efficiency.
Technology Resources
Teacher Computer, Projector, White board, Student Computers, Name Randomizer, Timer,
www.foundationsoftechnology.com, .foundationsoftechnology.com/worldsbestfotteachersareinwcps

Materials
Handouts,
Project Materials
Lesson Plan
Instructional Procedures and Content Notes
Silent Reading (7 minutes) – Slide is automatically timed
Write Objectives (5 minutes) – Students write daily objectives in their notebooks. Leaving enough room to write the
answers to the objectives at the end of class / Slide is automatically timed (Song may play to tie into the objectives)
Chapter PowerPoint (35 minutes, approximately can go much longer or shorter)
Teacher conducts interactive lecture with a PowerPoint slideshow while students take fast notes and participate in higher
order questioning, and small group activities. PowerPoint also includes short video clips & web links.
Desk Activity (10 minutes, Approximately)
Vocabulary
Students write each word multiple times and define each word.
Test Your Knowledge
Students answer designated summary questions for the chapter.
Study with the FoundationsofTechnology.com website
Projects / Computer Activity (28 minutes Approximately)
Closure (Review of 5 minutes, Objectives Approximately)
Homework: (if applicable)
Finish Vocabulary / Objectives / Test Your Knowledge
Study with the FoundationsofTechnology.com website
Modifications to meet student needs (IEP, ILP, ELL and Special Needs)
Students with writing difficulties may write the objectives later. Slower students will be
accommodated by being given the complete set of notes and ask to underline the key
words other students are writing down. Slide shows are equipped to click on voice
over buttons (created by advanced students,) so the slide show can be read to those
who need it on an individual basis.
Modifications to meet student needs (Enrichment)
Advanced students improve the PowerPoint
lectures for various chapters.
They add voice over, modify pictures, find movie
clips, website links, etc, and can chose from a
list of independent project challenges.
Sources: Include electronic and printed materials as well as acknowledgement of any influence or guidance provided in the development of the lesson:
Wright, R. Thomas. (2008). Technology. Illinois: The Goodheart-Willcox Company, Inc.
PowerPoint
Presentations for
Technology
By R. Thomas Wright
The Goodheart-Willcox
Company, Inc.
Tinley Park, Illinois
www.g-w.com
Chapter 7
Day 1
Read Pages
126 - 139
Tools of
Technology
Copy the following Big Idea
“The use of tools has improved our
society in what ways?”
& Objectives
1. What are the categories of production
tools used in technology?
2. What are the common characteristics of
machine tools?
3. What are the six major types of machine
tools?
Learning Objectives
1. What are the categories of production
tools used in technology?
2. What are the common characteristics of
machine tools?
3. What are the six major types of machine
tools?
Section 3
Chapter 7
Tools of
Technology
Day 2
Read Pages
126 - 139
Learning Objectives
4. What are three types of processing
discussed in this chapter?
5. Name three types of informationprocessing tools or machines..
6. Name a few basic guidelines for safely
operating technological devices.
Learning Objectives
4. What are three types of processing
discussed in this chapter?
5. Name three types of informationprocessing tools or machines..
6. Name a few basic guidelines for safely
operating technological devices.
Day 1
Production
Tools
Used in
FOT
Processing


The human ability to design and use tools
provides the foundation for technology.
Three major types of processing:


Material processing.
For example, changing lumber into plywood.


Energy processing.
 Changing flowing water into hydroelectricity.
Information processing.
 Telecommunications, printing, and the computer.
Machine Tools



The world around us is full of artifacts made
through material-processing.
Fundamental to all material-processing is a
group of tools called machine tools.
Machine tools have some common
characteristics like a cutting tool, a method
of moving the tool or workpiece, and a
method of supporting the tool and the
workpiece.
The Cutting Tool




Share common
requirements shown in
image to right.
Two basic types: singlepoint tool or multiplepoint tool.
Single-point tools: hand
tools, lathe-turning tools.
Multiple-point tools:
abrasive papers, grinding
wheels.
Motion


All cutting operations
have two basic
motions: cutting
motion and feed
motion.
Three cutting motions:



Rotating motion.
Linear motion.
Reciprocating motion.
Support



The types of cutting and feed motions used
determine the support system needed.
Different parts such as chucks, arbors,
clamps, and machine tables can be used to
provide support.
Most parts support different movements and
can be combined in different ways,
depending on what support is needed.
Types of Machine Tools


Hundreds of different
machine tools exist.
All machine tools can
be grouped into six
categories, however.
Turning Machines




Turning machines use a process in which a
workpiece is held and rotated on an axis.
Lathes, a form of turning machines, are used
primarily to machine wood and metal.
All lathes contain four main parts: headstock,
tailstock, bed, and tool rest or holder.
Lathes are used to perform turning, tapering,
facing, grooving, chamfering, parting,
threading, and knurling.
Sawing Machines


Sawing machines are
designed to perform a
number of different
cutting actions, as
shown in the image.
The machines can be
grouped into three
basic types of saws:
circular saws, band
saws, and scroll
saws.
Circular Saws



Blade in the shape of a
disk with teeth around
the edge.
Used for crosscutting,
ripping, and
combination cutting.
Three basic types:
table saw, radial saw,
and chop saw.
Band and Scroll Saws




Band saws use a blade with teeth on one or
both sides.
The band may be either vertical or horizontal
and may be held by vises and clamps or
placed on a table.
Scroll saws have teeth on just one edge of
the blade and can also be either vertical or
horizontal.
They are supported primarily by a table.
Drilling Machines



Cylindrical holes are common in parts and
products.
They can be produced by various drilling
machines.
Drilling machines can perform various
operations through a few different machines
like: twist drills, spade bits, and forstner
bits.
Drilling Machine Operations
Drilling, counterboring, countersinking, and reaming
are common drilling operations.
Shaping and Planing Machines
 Both
shaping and planing machines:
Use single-point tools to produce flat
surfaces on metal parts and products.
 Can cut on the face or side of a part.
 Can machine grooves into the surface.
 Are closely related to a broach.

Shaping and Planing Machines
Shaping and planing machines move in
opposite motions to produce similar effects.
Grinding Machines
Grinding machines use
bonded abrasives to cut
material.
 The two most common
are the cylindrical and
surface grinders.
 The pedestal grinder is
also used and is a
manually run machine.

Class Work

Answer Objectives # 1-3

Test Your Knowledge - Page 154 - # 1 - 6

Work on projects

Three Students to Answer Objectives

Timer

Homework - Vocabulary & Unfinished Work
Review

What are the categories of production tools
used in technology?
 Material
processing
 Energy processing
 Information processing
Review
What are the common characteristics of
machine tools?
Method of cutting, series of
motions, and support of the
tool and workpiece.
Review
What are the six major types of machine tools?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Turning
Sawing
Drilling
Shaping
Planing
Grinding
Day 2
Energy-Processing Converters


Energy conversion takes place through
energy-processing converters.
There are hundreds of energy-processing
converters.


For example: changing mechanical energy into
electrical energy through an electric generator.
Three converters, the steam engine, the
electric motor, and the internal combustion
engine have had a big impact on technology.
The Early Steam Engine
The Watt Steam Engine
 Reciprocating
steam engine.
 Used for
industrial
machines and
transportation
vehicles.
Discussion
Why might steam engines not be as
commonly used today?
Internal Combustion Engine
Each stroke combined in a four-stroke engine completes a cycle.
The Electric Motor

Laws of magnetism and
electromagnetism:



Like magnets repel one
another, unlike poles
attract.
Current flowing in wire
creates electromagnetic
field.
The field magnet and
armature are major
parts of an electric
motor.
Information-Processing
Machines

Information
processing includes:



Printing.
Telecommunications.
 Telephone.
 Radio.
Computers.
The Telephone and Radio

The telephone converts sound into electrical
energy.


Use has been expanded from personal
communication device to a data-transmission
instrument.
The radio uses radio waves that travel
through the atmosphere and space.

Used to carry information and entertainment.
Computers
Using Technology Safely

In order to use technology safely:






Use the correct tools.
Remember proper operation.
Seek advice as needed.
Use only as directed.
Never use when personal ability is impaired.
Never work alone in case of an accident.
Safety with People

Personal safety:




Concentrate on your
work.
Dress properly to protect
yourself.
Think before acting.
Ask questions when you
are unsure.

Safety around others:



Avoid horseplay.
Do not talk with anyone
operating machinery.
Do not misplace tools.
Safety with Materials





Handle materials properly and with care.
Check all materials for sharp burred edges
and pointed ends.
Place materials in well-ventilated areas, when
necessary.
Lift material properly.
Clean up and dispose of spills and materials
properly.
Safety with Tools and
Machines




Use only sharp tools and well-maintained
machines.
Return all tools and machines to proper
places.
Use the correct tools and machines for the
correct job.
Do not use any tool or machine without
permission or proper instruction.
Career Corner

Machinists.


Interpret blueprints, set up machines, and
produce precision parts.
Most are trained through apprenticeship
programs, on-the-job training, vocational schools,
or community colleges.
International Association of Machinists
Class Work

Answer Objectives # 4-6

Test Your Knowledge - Page 154 - # 7-15

Work on projects

Three Students to Answer Objectives

Timer

Homework - Vocabulary & Unfinished Work
Review
What are three types of processing discussed
in this chapter?
1. Material
2. Energy
3. Information processing.
Review
Name three types of information-processing
tools or machines.
1.The telephone
2. Radio
3. Computer.
Review
Name a few basic guidelines for safely
operating technological devices.
Use the correct tools; remember proper operation;
seek advice as needed; use only as directed;
never use when personal ability is impaired; never
work alone in case of an accident.