SQL SERVER INTERNALS &
ARCHITECTURE
Kevin Kline, SQL Sentry
Director of Engineering Services, kekline@sqlsentry.net
Microsoft SQL Server MVP since 2003
Twitter , Facebook, LinkedIn @ KEKline
Website: http://KevinEKline.com/, http://ForITPros.com
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AGENDA
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Droppin’ Acid with RDBMSes
Our Host and Tour Guide
The Life of a Read Statement
Dancing for Cache
The Life of a Write Statement
Summary
Q&A
TOOLS FROM SQL SENTRY
DROPPING ACID - WHY DOES SQL SERVER
DO WHAT IT DOES?
• ACID properties of Transactions
o
o
o
o
Atomic
Consistent
Isolated
Durable
• Speed, scalability, and
•
performance
• Maximize hardware
• Competitive features
OUR TOUR GUIDE
Talk nerdy
to me, baby!
OK, WE’RE
DONE
Query
Tree
SELECT
Language
Event
Protocol
Layer
Relational Engine
Cmd Parser
Optimizer
Query
Plan
SNI
Query
Executor
TDS
TLog
OLE
DB
?
Storage Engine
Data
File
Transaction
Manager
Access
Methods
Buffer
Manager
?
SQL Server
Network
Interface
Buffer Pool
-----------Data Cache
-----------Plan Cache
SQLOS AND SCHEDULERS
• 1 Cash Register = 1 SchedulerUh oh!
The out
• Users are assigned
of soda!
to a thread
No problem. Step
aside… More
syrup for the
sodas!
Yeah!
I’m next
in line!
Goes to the waiting, i.e.
“suspended queue”
CACHES?
• How long does a page of data or
a block of code stay in cache?
• Uses a LRU algorithm
• Usually performed by the lazywriter, but can also be done by
any worker thread after
scheduling its own I/O
CACHE AGING & LRU-K BEHAVIOR
Memory
getord
16
14
12
16
13
15
finduser
7
What about
buffer cache?
sp_1
3
3
1
0
2
7
4
5
6
sp_4
2
2
1
0
BUT WAIT!
THERE’S MORE!
Query
Tree
Language
Event
Protocol
Layer
Relational Engine
Cmd Parser
Optimizer
Query
Plan
INSERT,
UPDATE,
or
DELETE
SNI
Query
Executor
TDS
TLog
CheckPoint
Data
File
OLE
DB
?
Storage Engine
Transaction
Manager:
Log & Lock
Mgr
Access
Methods
Data
Write
Buffer
Manager
?
Lazywriter
SQL Server
Network
Interface
Buffer Pool
-----------Data Cache
Oooh! So
dirty!
-----------Plan Cache
SUMMARY