The Undercover Economist Strikes Back – vocabulary
Chapter 4. Just Enough Inflation
noun
adjective
inflation
high, massive
low, moderate
zero
galloping (esp. BrE)
raging (esp. BrE)
rising
runaway
spiralling/spiraling (esp. BrE)
double-digit
consumer –price, price,
wage
domestic
grade
verb + n
cause
fuel
push up
bring down
bring under control
combat
control
curb
fight
get down
get under control
keep down
keep in check
keep under control
reduce
 eg. Policies to beat ~
It is vital that ~ is kept in check
keep pace with
inflatie
hoge, massale
lage, matig
nul
developing or increasing in a very fast
uncontrolled way
continuing strongly and showing no
signs of ending
opkomend
increasing more quickly than expected
to continuously become worse, more, or
less
relating to the numbers 10 to 99 (10%
or more)
an amount of money that you earn for
working, usually according to how many
hours or days you work each week or
month (loon)
binnenlands
the apparent increase in students'
grades over time due to the fact that
exams are becoming easier
veroorzaken
to make something increase or become
worse
opstuwen
omlaag brengen
onder controle brengen
bestrijden
to control or limit something that is
harmful
laaghouden
in toom houden
onder controle houden
verminderen
to develop or progress at the same rate
as
keep up with
 eg. Wages are not keeping pace with
~
outpace
voorbijstreven
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n + verb
be up
be down
omhoog
omlaag
 eg. ~ is down to its lowest level in
three years.
exceed sth
reach sth
to be greater than sth
bereiken
 eg. ~ reached a monthly rate of 5%.
average sth
be at sth
run at sth
stand at sth
 eg. ~ is running at 4%.
edge up (esp. BrE)
go up
increase
rise
fall
go down
slow
 eg. ~ has slowed to 7%.
erode sth
n + noun
phrases
figures
rate
 eg. ~rate of 2%.
expectations
forecast
target
the battle against ~
the fight against ~
a drop in ~
a fall in ~
 eg. A drop in ~ to 2.4%.
an increase in ~
a rise in ~
the rate of ~
competition (≠ concurrence!)
 competitive
 fierce/stiff/tough/severe competition
a glut
a shortage
 eg. There is a glut of agricultural products in
Western Europe.
domestic  e.g. the domestic economy, domestic
demand, the domestic market, etc.
gemiddeld
iets oplopen
omhoog gaan
toename
stijgen
naar beneden gaan
vertragen
to gradually reduce the value or level of
something
cijfer
number/amount
verwachtingen
voorspelling
doelstelling
de strijd/het gevecht tegen ~
een daling van ~
een stijging van ~
het inflatiepercentage
concurrentie (≠ samenloop, agreement
between people)
concurrerend
 felle/stijve/taaie/strenge concurrentie
een overvloed
een tekort
binnenlands
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a savings account / a bank account
civil servants
a slump
spaarrekening / bankrekening
ambtenaren
time in a country when many people are
unemployed and poor (een inzinking)
Chapter 8. The invention of unemployment
noun
adjective
unemployment
high
considerable
huge
large-scale
mass
massive
serious
severe
widespread
low
rising
falling
long-term
permanent
short-term
temporary
recurrent
seasonal
structural
graduate
school-leaver
youth
rural
urban
quant.
verb + n
level
rate
be faced with
face
cause
create
alleviate
bring down
cut
keep down
reduce
increase
combat
tackle
werkloosheid
hoge
aanzienlijke
enorme
grootschalige
massale
serieuze
ernstige
massale
lage
stijgende
dalende
langdurige
permanente
op korte termijn,
voorlopige
happening again, especially several
times
available only during a particular time of
year
afgestudeerde
someone who has just left school and is
looking for a job
jeugd~
typical of the countryside
relating to towns and cities, or
happening there
percentage
geconfronteerd worden met
to accept that a bad situation exists and
try to deal with it
veroorzaken
to make something less painful, severe,
or serious
omlaag brengen
laag houden
verminderen
toename
bestrijden
aanpakken
3
n + verb
hit sb
 eg. ~ has hit unskilled workers in
particular.
climb
double
increase
rise
soar
 eg. ~ climbed above two million.
decline
fall
average sth
stand at sth
 eg. ~ averaged 15% across the
country.
reach sth
touch sth
n + noun
 eg. ~ touched 30%.
benefit
money
pay
payments
relief
compensation
cover
insurance
data
figures
levels
numbers
percentage
rate
statistics
total
crisis
problem
blackspot
 eg. This former mining town is now
an ~ blackspot.
trap
prep.
 eg. The ~ trap exists when an
unemployed person on benefit
would be worse off in a low-paid
job.
~among
it becomes higher
verdubbeld
toename
stijgen
stijgen
daling
gemiddeld
bereiken
to reach a particular amount or level
werkloosheidsuitkering
geld
(wachtgeld)
werkverschaffing
compensatie
decking
verzekering
gegevens
cijfers
percentage
?
a bad or unpleasant situation that is
difficult to change or escape from
onder
 eg. ~ among graduates is falling
steadily.
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phrases
a period of ~
a rise/an increase/a fall in ~
a wage
a wage rise/hike/increase
a wage cut
an employment contract
to hire/recruit/take on workers
to lay workers / to make workers redundant
a vacancy
to apply for a job
an applicant
a letter of application
the recruitment process
labour (AmE labor)
(un)skilled labour
the labour market
rigid labour market (rigid
flexible)
 eg. A rigid labour market is one with too much
job protection.
line of work
an amount of money that you earn for
working, usually according to how many
hours or days you work each week or
month
loonstijging
loonsverlaging
een arbeidsovereenkomst
to pay someone to work for you
(personeel aanwerven)
they have been told they must leave
their job because they are no longer
needed (personeel ontslaan)
a job that is available for someone to do
(een vacature)
solliciteren
someone who applies for something
een sollicitatiebrief
aanwervingsproces
arbeid
(on)geschoolde arbeid
de arbeidsmarkt
not easily changed
flexibel
brance, soort werk
eg. In his line of work he often meets young
professionals. Her line of work pays pretty
well.
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