Societal risk is represented as the risk of death per million total populaMon. Individual risk is represented as the risk of death per million exposed to that hazard. Bubble size represents the relaMve risk to an individual. By way of example, the bubbles Societal Risk: Fatalities per 1 million total population (Log scale)!
Societal vs Individual Risk of Death in the United Kingdom represenMng deaths due to preventable medical injuries in hospitals and military personnel in Iraq/
Afghanistan are a similar size because the risk of death to a paMent in a UK hospital is similar to that for a soldier deployed to a war zone. Medical injury poses a greater risk to society simply because vastly more ciMzens are exposed to that risk and hence die. Note: Log scales. All accidents Alcohol related Suicide Accidents in homes Traffic accidents 10,000 Poisoning due to pharmaceuMcal medicines Food poisoning Drowning Preventable medical injuries in hospitals 1,000 Adverse pharmaceuMcal drug reacMons Gunshot and Paracetamol poisoning Asbestos -­‐Primary cause 100 PrescripMon benzodiazepine poisoning CJD ElectrocuMon * 10 Drowning in a bath tub * Motorcycle accidents Air travel of any kind * SIDS/SUDI 1 00.001 0 0.01 0 0.1 Lightning * De minimus level of risk is less than 1 death per million people * Note: Green doded circles represent bubbles/dots too small to print 1 00.1 100 Bicycle accidents Workplace accidents Farming acMviMes Electrical fire 0.01 0 Herbal remedies * Food supplements * Mother-­‐childbirth 1,000 10,000 100,000 Military personnel serving in Iraq/
Afghanistan Scuba diving 00 0.001 Sources: Variety of UK Government and NGO databases, reports, officials and expert advisers. 2012 © Juderon Associates, juderon@gmail.com Commissioned by Alliance for Natural Health InternaMonal (www.anhinternaMonal.org) Funding by Neal’s Yard Remedies (www.nealsyardremedies.com) 10 v3 Individual Risk: Fatalities per 1 million people exposed to risk (Log scale)!
Individual Risk Rela%ve to the Use of Food Supplements in UK Rela%ve Risk > 1:1,000 Smoking Military Personnel in Iraq/Afghanistan Preventable medical injuries -­‐ (Acute Hospitals) 1:1,000 to 1:10,000 Adverse pharmaceuPcal drug reacPons Scuba diving Motorcyclist All accidents SIDS/SUDI Alcohol related Asbestos-­‐Primary cause Suicides (15yrs+) Mother dying in Childbirth 1:10,000 to 1:100,000 Farming Accidents in homes Benzodiazepine poisoning Traffic accidents Poisoning due to pharmaceuPcals Bicyclists 1:100,000 to 1:1,000,000 Food -­‐ acute causes Drowning Workplace accidents Gunshot Paracetamol poisoning ADR-­‐<16yo CJD Greater than 1:10,000,000 -­‐ 1:1,000,000 to 1:100,000,000 1:100,000,000 1:10,000,000 Moderate Level of Risk De minimis -­‐ Supersafe De minimis -­‐ Very safe Risk to individual exposed to hazard High Level of Risk Dangerous 0 100,000 400,000 x 326,613 x 293,006 x 62,000 x 40,943 x 35,319 x 24,257 x 23,279 x 15,383 x 12,521 x 11,968 x 11,844 x 8,680 x 7,000 x 6,327 x 3,238 x 2,219 x 1,721 x 875 x 735 x 658 x 368 x 348 x 310 x 163 x 86 x 51 x 42 x 18 Herbal remedies Struck by Lightning London Underground x 8 x 5 x 1.8 . 300,000 500,000 600,000 700,000 800,000 x 797,940 Electrical fire ElectrocuPon Drowning in bathtub Air travel-­‐any kind Food supplements/vitamins/minerals 200,000 1 -­‐ Sources: Variety of UK Government and NGO databases, reports, officials and expert advisers. 2012 © Juderon Associates, juderon@gmail.com Commissioned by Alliance for Natural Health InternaPonal (www.anhinternaPonal.org) Funding by Neal’s Yard Remedies (www.nealsyardremedies.com) 900,000