Gears and Spline
Shafts
Francesca Ferzoco
20196585
Objectives
• To introduce
the main types
of gears and
spline shafts
that might be
seen on work
terms
• To explain the
functions of
gears and
spline shafts
Gears: Functions
• They provide a gear reduction
in motorized equipment
1.To reverse the direction of
rotation
2.To increase or decrease the
speed of rotation
3.To move rotational motion to a
different axis
4.To keep the rotation of two axes
synchronized
Gears
• The gear ratio is determined by
the distances from the center of
the gear to the point of contact
• Many modern gears use a
special tooth profile called an
involute
• The pitch diameter is the
effective contact diameter
• An involute profile gear tooth
produces a constant ratio of
rotational speed
Gears: Main Types
• Spur Gears
• Helical Gears
Crossed Helical Gears
Gears: Main Types
• Bevel Gears
• Hypoid Gears
Spiral Bevel Gears
Gears: Main Types
• Worm Gears
• Rack and Pinion Gears
Spline Shafts
• Have either grooves or tongues
machined along its length
• The mating bearings run along
either the groove or tongue,
providing high rigidity
Spline Shafts: Main
Types
•
•
Ball Spline Bearing
Spline Bushing Bearing
Summary
•
Gears: Functions
1.
2.
To reverse the direction of rotation
To increase or decrease the speed of
rotation
3. To move rotational motion to a different
axis
4. To keep the rotation of two axes
synchronized
•
Gears: Main Types






Spur Gears
Helical Gears
Bevel Gears
Hypoid Gears
Worm Gears
Rack and Pinion Gears
•
Spline Shafts: Main Types
 Spline Bushing Bearing
 Ball Spline Bearing
References
• http://science.howstuffworks.co
m/gear.htm
• http://bearings.globalspec.com/
Specifications/Mechanical_Co
mponents/Bearings_Bushings/L
inear_Guides_Rails