“YOUNG PEOPLE AT RISK”
Academia Programme
Estonia, 23th-27th April 2012
MARTA SÁNCHEZ
GARCÍA
REINOSA, CANTABRIA ( SPAIN)
A
PERSPECTIV
E OF
MEASURES
IN
SECONDARY
SCHOOL IN
SPAIN
Reinosa,
Cantabria,
2012
Young people at risk
PROGRAMMES AND OTHER IDEAS
FROM CANTABRIA, SPAIN
OBJECTIVES:
 To show the education system in Spain and
in Cantabria.
 To focus on the levels where the majority of
young people at risk are
 To reflect the aims and perspectives of two
specific Programmes: PCPI (First
Professional Training Programme) and
COMPENSATORIA
 To underline the main problems that young
people at risk have to face nowadays
CONTENTS:
 Spain , Cantabria and Reinosa: map of
location&pictures
 The education system in Spain&Cantabria
 Where I work: MONTESCLAROS High School
 Reasons why some young people are at risk
 What is being done from educational system
 What is being done at my High School
 COMPENSATORIA
 PCPI (First Professional Training Programmes)
 Other activities that can be done with students
WHERE ARE WE?...
Cantabria in Europe
Cantabria region
SOME FACTS ABOUT REINOSA AND
CAMPÓO VALLEY
 We are in the South of Cantabria, in a
mountainous area (858m above sea level)but
not far from the sea
 There are 12.000 inhabitants in Reinosa
 It´s an industrial area (with two main
factories in which a great number of workers
from the area have their regular job)with an
important natural environment as well as
cultural and artistical heritage
 Reinosa is the capital of different valleys with
small and sometimes isolated villages.
SOME IMAGES OF OUR LAND…
The town (Reinosa)
…and its traditions….
….our mountains….
…and the valley…
MONTESCLAROS High School
www.iesmontesclaros.es
THE EDUCATION SYSTEM
 THE SPANISH EDUCATION SYSTEM….
 IS DEFINED BY THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION
AND SCIENCE
 HAS A UNIFORM STRUCTURE ALL OVER THE
COUNTRY
 HOWEVER, EVERY AUTONOMOUS REGION
(Cantabria among them) DEVELOPS AND FITS
THIS STRUCTURE TO ITS OWN PARTICULAR
NEEDS
THE EDUCATION SYSTEM
To simplify, we can divide the education
offers into three large sections:
COMPULSORY EDUCATION
NON-COMPULSORY EDUCATION
SPECIALISED EDUCATION
(Fine Arts&Languages)

In Cantabria, the authority in charge of the
Education System is the County Education
Department (Consejería de Educación)
COMPULSORY EDUCATION
 Applies to ages 6-16
1) PRIMARY SCHOOL (6-12))
-- Divided into six courses
2) COMPULSORY
SECONDARY
EDUCATION (12-16)
-- Divided into four
courses. In every course
there are common
compulsory subjects as
well as optional subjects
(Compulsory Secondary Education-ESO)
 After passing all the subjects, the student is awarded
with the SECONDARY EDUCATION DEGREE. This
allows him/her to….
a) Continue his studies….A) With MEDIUM GRADE
VOCATIONAL, or B) With BACHILLERATO.
b) Or start working (this is the basic degree for
entering the workforce).
NON-COMPULSORY EDUCATION
 Is the education offered
before and after the
compulsory schooling
 1) Before: PRE-SCHOOL
EDUCATION (ages 2-6)
 2) After:
 BACHILLERATO
 VOCATIONAL
TRAINING
 UNIVERSITY
(Non-compulsory education)
 BACHILLERATO
 UNIVERSITY
 Qualification for university
 Access is granted after
access, or for the Higher
Grade of Vocational
Training.
 Duration of two academic
years .
 There are three types: Arts,
Science and Technology
and Humanities and Social
Sciences.
passing the admission test
(Selectividad). A
Bachillerato degree is also
required.
 Access is also granted to
graduates of Higher Grade
Vocational Training and to
those who pass and
admission test for
applicants older than 25
years old.
VOCATIONAL TRAINING
(Formación Profesional)
 THE MEDIUM GRADE (Grado
Medio) can be accessed with the
Secondary Education Degree (16 years
old) , or through an exam.
 THE HIGHER GRADE (Grado
Superior) can be accessed after
finishing Bachillerato (18 years old), or
through an exam.
 Every courses provides
specialised training for a very
specific career.

The duration of every course varies
between one and a half and two
academic years. At the end of their
period at school, they have 3 month
practice in a real company.
STUDENTS WITH SPECIAL NEEDS
 In our education system, we understand that
every student, any moment during his/her
schooltime, may need more help than usual to
achieve his/her objectives in school.
 Some measures for these needs may be: to take extra lessons, to
learn in samller groups, etc .
 But sometimes students have even more specific
needs, such as hendicapped students, students
who have joined school very late or students who
don´t speak Spanish.
COMPENSATORIA and PCPI are considered as some of the
specific Programmes to take care of these students who have
special needs in the sense that they haven´t achieved yet the
goals of compulsory education in the “normal way”. Thus, they
are considered as YOUNG PEOPLE AT RISK.
REASONS WHY SOME YOUNG PEOPLE ARE
AT RISK
 General reasons: bad economic situation, economic
crisis, very high unemployement rates, especially
among young people (more than 50%).
 Social and family reasons: defavorised backgrounds,
rural areas with few oportunities, low cultural level.
 Geographic and cultural reasons: isolation of some
villages, importance of very specific professional
areas.
 School reasons: integration difficulties, bullying.
 Personal reasons: lack of motivation, low self-steem,
difficulties in learning, bad companies, alcohol, drugs.
COMPENSATORIA Programme
 This is an extraordinary Programme that may be
developped by a High School in case there are
students who have all the following conditions:
 Families&backgrounds in social disadvantage
 Serious risk of drop out, non-attendance to school
and/or social exclusion
 To have an academic delay of at least two years
 To have previously received ordinary measures that
hadn´t been enough to compensate his/her
difficulties
(Compensatoria Programme)
 Then different steps have to be
followed, such as
Psicopedagogical evaluation of
the student (by the Guidance
Department), information to
families, as well as positive
report by the Educational
Inspection Service.
 The target group are 1st and
2nd courses of Compulsory
Secondary Education.
(COMPENSATORIA Programme): WHAT
DOES THE
PROGRAMME CONSIST OF?
 The students create an specific group (8-12 students normally)
for some subjects, (Language, Maths…) plus 1hour of specific
tutorial activities, as well as social and emotional skills
workshop. (21 hours)
 They are with the general group for the rest of the
subjects,(Music, Technology. (9 hours)
 These 21 hours are organised in a different way than normal, by
creating global groups of learning (Social and Language Area,
Maths and Science area), using a more global approach to
subjects, as well as adapted materials, methodology and
strategies.
 They tend to do more team work, as well as project working.
 Evaluation is also adapted, it is a continuous and formative
process.
(COMPENSATORIA Programme)
 They also have some
kind of workshop, with
practical job mainly,
which is very important
for their motivation. The
school can choose among
many different items:
computers, gardening,
car repairing…
COMPENSATORIA Programme: summarising the main
objectives
 To avoid their drop out. From the
system.
 To improve their learning as well
as social and affective skills.
 To favorise their academic
progress through different
methods of teaching.
 To permit their integration in the
education system, either through a
“DIVERSIFICACIÓN
Programme”(similar structure to
Compensatoria but for 3rd and 4th
year of Compulsory Education) or
PCPI (First Professional Training
Programmes).
FIRST PROFESSIONAL TRAINING
PROGRAMMES (PCPI)
 Target group: young people between the age of 16
and 20 who did not achieve the Secondary
Education Degree.
 Objective of the programme: to provide these
studentswith a basic and professional training
which allows them to either join the workforce or
to beghin further studies.
 On finishing the programme, the centre will issue a
certificate where the amount of hours and the
obtained qualifications will be shown.
 This certificate gives access to job market and to
Medium-Grade Vocational Training after passing
an access test.
FIRST PROFESSIONAL TRAINING
PROGRAMMES (PCPI)
First Year
• They have general subjects (Language, Maths,…but
with a global approach structure), as well as Social
and Work Skills Workshop, and then 8 hours of
Professional Workshop. They have also 1 month
practice in a company.
Second Year (volontary)
• If they do it, they obtain Secondary Education
Degree. (First year doesn´t give them this, but they
can do it through an exam).
FIRST PROFESSIONAL TRAINING
PROGRAMMES (PCPI)
 OBJECTIVES:
 To prevent drop-out and non-attendance.
 To look for a different way of obtaining the Graduate
in Secondary Education for those students who
haven´t achieved at first.
 To motivate through a professional approach, those
students who didn ´t find the attractive in the
normal system.
 To prepare students either to work or to continue
studies in Vocational Training.
Workshops of PCPI (First Professional
Training Programmes)
Workshops of PCPI (First Professional
Training Programmes)
“THE BOOK WEEK”, to encourage them to read different types of books
and getting involved in the school library……
OTHER COMPLEMENTARY ACTIVITIES (ORGANISED BY THE DIFFERENT
DEPARTMENTS, IN COOPERATION WITH THE GUIDANCE DEPARTMENT)
Information about how to create your own business or how to go abroad….
…SHOWING OUR WORKSHOPS, to students, parents and community in
general…
…and other varied activities such as preparing food for students and
teachers to celebrate the end of accademic year!!
SOME WEB PAGES WE NORMALLY USE
 www.educantabria.es
 www.jovenamnia.com
 www.empleacantabria.com
•
 http://www.facebook.com/#!/profile.php?id=10000
0203513036
THANK YOU
VERY MUCH!