Elearning Specialist电子学习专家
Introduction to Elearning
电子学习简介
Tomas Lund, Elearning Specialist
托马斯兰德，电子学习专家
About Elearning Specialist
关于电子学习专家
•
Consulting , training and development of elearning电子学习领域咨询、培训和开发
•
15 years of international experience.15年国际经验
•
Unique mix of qualifications : instructional design, project/process , technical skills , SCORM and business独特的
资质组合：.教学设计，项目/流程，技术技能，SCORM和业务
What people typically mean by the
word “Elearning”
人们通常所指的“电子学习”是什么
“Interactive multimedia course – to be
used asynchronous, using one-way
communication.”
“互动性多媒体课程——不同步应用，使用单
向交流”
My definition of Elearning:
“The process of human learning
occurring via computer assisted means.”
我对电子学习的定义：
“人类通过电脑辅助方式学习的过程。”
Why do we train people???
我们为什么培训人才？
• To enable the learner to perform tasks让学
习者完成任务
• To change behavior of the learner改变学习
者的行为
• To cover our backs (compliance)为我们做
后备（合规）
• To distribute information传播信息
Why do we
REALLY train people???
我们为什么要真正培训人？？？
Ultimately we don’t train people to make them
smarter(*), but rather; 我们培训人最终并不是要让他
们更聪明（*），而是；
We train people to make them perform actions;我们
培训人让他们实施行动；
Which improves our business 可以改进我们的业务
(*unless we are in the business of training people, e.g. colleges and schools)
（*除非我们从事的是培训人的业务，即大学和学校）
Business Case – Ringsted
商业案例——Ringsted
1.
Year年度
Ringsted Municipality reduced the number of
wounds at nursing homes by 23,6%
Ringsted市疗养院伤害数量减少了23.6%
Time consumption for treatment of wounds
reduced by 44,2%. 治疗伤害所需时间减少了44.2%
Total reduction of cost of 2,5 mill. kr. (2.6 mill RMB)
总费用减少了2500万克朗（260万元）
HOW can we train people?
我们如何培训人？
Synchronous同步
Asynchronous不同步
Blended Learning混合学习
+
=
Elearning ecosystem电子学习生态系统
Learning management (LMS) Server学习管理服务器
E-learning course (SCO)
delivered to learner向学习者提供
的电子学习课程
Status, score, time And
answers to individual
questions is sent back
to the LMS单个问题的状
态、分数、时间和回答传
回学习管理服务器
Learner taking elearning course
学习者选学电子学习课程
Learning Management System (LMS).
学习管理系统
Tracks/logs users score, time, answers,
completion etc.追踪/登记用户的分数、时间、回答、
完成等
Reporting报告
Distribution of courses分发课程
LMS 2学习管理系统2
Sometimes integrated with Talent- and performance
management systems.有时与人才和业绩管理系统整合
Price: opensource. Paid 10 – 50 USD
1 USD+ @ 500 user.
价格：开源。支付10-50美元
1美元+@500用户
550+ LMS’s in the world 全世界有550+学习管理系统
Elearning Content电子学习内容
Create Elearning: 创建电子学习
authoring Tool (offline) or 授权工具（线下）或
LCMS (Online)学习内容管理系统（线上）
content runs without LMS = no tracking无需
学习管理系统运行的内容=无追踪
SCORM
共享内容对象参考模型
Who use Elearning?
谁使用电子学习？
Organizations with a large training
requirement/cost.具备大型培训需求/费用的组织
Pharma, Healthcare, Finance, Manufactoring,
government etc 制药、保健、金融、生产、政府等
What is elearning used for?电子学习应用领
域是什么？
Compliance (Test/Certification)合规（检验/认证）
System Rollout - Software training系统展示——软
件培训
Policy/guidelines政策/指南
Procedure training (Healthcare, Safety)程序培训
（保健、安全）
New Hire training新雇员培训
Product training产品培训
Sales training销售培训
Language, Physics 语言、物理
Etc…等……
Benefits of elearning电子学习的益处
Just in time training及时培训
Cheaper (sometimes)费用低（有时）
Independent of time and geography时间和地理不
受限制
Safe environment to practice练习时有安全的环境
Consistent training delivery提供培训的一致性
Problems with elearning
电子学习存在的问题
Expensive - unless you have scale费用高——除
非你有范围
One size fits all? Difficult to adapt training based
on feedback - > user gets bored一体通用？很
难根据反馈调整培训- > 用户变得倦怠一
Technical barriers (Bandwidth, Media)技术障碍
（带宽，媒体）
Elearning vs traditional vs video vs…?
电子学习与传统与录像与……？
In 1940, with the advent of film, the US Army
tested if the media mattered for learning and had
the same content given to learners using
different media. 1940年，随着胶片的出现，美国
军方就媒体对学习是否有影响进行了测试，用不
同的媒体向学习者提供同样的内容。
What do you think worked best??
你认为什么效果最好？？
Elearning vs traditional vs video vs…?
电子学习与传统与录像与……？
a. Instructor Led training led to the best
training?教师带领的培训取得最好的效果？
b. Paper based, the least expensive, led to the
best training.基于纸张的培训，费用最低，取
得效果最好。
c. Films could replace instructors as they led to
the best training.胶片可以代替教师，因为这
样的培训效果最好。
d. Learning was the same with instructor, print
or film学习效果在有教师、打印或胶片的情况
下相同
Evidence Based training Methods. R.C. Clark
Elearning vs traditional vs video vs…?
电子学习与传统与录像与……？
Learning was the same with instructor, print
or film.学习效果在有教师、打印或胶片的情况下相
同
This has been verified many times – also
after the advent of elearning. 这已被多次证
实——电子学习出现后也是如此。
Only true if content is exactly the same.只在
内容完全相同的情况下效果相同。
(Bernard et al 2004)
Measuring effect of elearning
衡量电子学习的效果
What do we want to happen?我们希望发生什么？
Knowledge acquired during training 培训中获得的
知识
Applied on the job (Transfer) 在工作中应用（转
移）
Near – Transfer
近——转移
Procedural程序
how to: 如何：
-measure blood glucose量血糖
-create a formula in Excel 在Excel表格中创
建公式
Declarative 陈述
“The capital of China is Beijing”, “Water boils at
100 c”“中国的首都是北京”，“水在100摄氏度沸
腾”
Far- Transfer
远——转移
Strategic战略性
Sales training销售培训
Technical troubleshooting.解决技术故障。
Method or principle rather than procedure.方
法或原则而非程序。
near transfer vs far transfer.
近转移与远转移
Easier to create and measure near transfer
training than far transfer training .相比远转移
培训，近转移培训更易于创建和衡量。