Continentality & Climate
• Understand how continentality affects climate
• Ch. 4
P. 69-73
Continental
Coastal or Marine
Continental vs. Marine
• Continental refers to locations located
inland away from the ocean or sea.
• Marine refers to areas located near the
oceans or sea.
• Areas closer to the ocean are affected
by the oceans differently during
different seasons/times of the year.
Define the term temperature Range
• Temperature range = the difference
between the highest and the lowest
average monthly temperatures of a
region.
• Large or high temperature range =
extremes of temperature, hot summer
cold winter.
• Small or low temperature range =
moderated temperature, warm summer,
cool winter
Did You Know?
• That Newfoundland’s annual temperature
range is 20oC. (Environment Canada)
• In comparison, Winnipeg's is 38.9 and
Vancouver's is 14.8.
Analyze the relationship between range of
temperature and distance to the ocean. P. 69
• As distance from the ocean increases, summer
temperatures are higher.
• As distance from the ocean increases winter
temperatures are lower
• THE RESULT:
– As distance from the ocean increases, annual
temperature range increases (larger).
• Continental climates experience greater extremes
of temperature than coastal climates at the same
latitude
Hot summers & colder
winters (high /extreme)
Warm summers & cool
winters (low / moderate)
Continentality…for real
• The plains region of Saskatchewan,
– continental climate.
– winter temperatures are very cold.
– summer temperatures are fairly hot.
• Coastal Newfoundland
– Marine/maritime climate.
– winter temperatures would be very mild.
– summer temperatures would be warm but NOT
HOT!
Climate Graphs 1 of 3
•
•
•
•
When is it warmer?
(summer)
When is it colder
(winter)
Where is it?
Northern, Southern, Equator?
When is it dryer?
When is it wetter?
Climate Graphs 2 of 3
•
•
•
•
When is it warmer?
(summer)
When is it colder
(winter)
Where is it?
Northern, Southern,
Equator?
When is it dryer?
When is it wetter?
Climate Graphs 3 of 3
•
•
•
•
When is it warmer?
(summer)
When is it colder
(winter)
Where is it?
Northern, Southern,
Equator?
When is it dryer?
When is it wetter?
Climate Graphs…cont’d
• Where would this location be?
• How would you describe the climate for this area?
Climate Graphs…cont’d
• Where would this location be?
• How would you describe the climate for this area?
Where?
•Hemisphere?
•Near water?
Seasons?
•Summer
•Winter
•Dry
•Wet
Temperatures?
Range?
Warm, Cold etc.?
Precipitation?
•Dry
•Wet
Alice Springs,
Australia
Montreal, Canada
Georgetown, Guyana
Bombay, India
Define “Monsoon” p. 70
•
•
•
•
SEASONAL change in wind
Tropical Regions
Wet / Windy Versus Dry / Windy
Where is the wind coming from? (land or ocean?)
Equator
Monsoons
India’s Winter Monsoon
H
L
•Continental Asia cools (LAND in comparison to the ocean)
•HIGH atmospheric pressure results over the land
•Wind blows from the HIGH towards the LOW over INDIAN
OCEAN
•Very little rain; DRY WIND from the land (Dry Monsoon)
India’s Summer Monsoon
L
H
•Continental Asia HEATS UP (LAND in comparison to….the ocean)
•LOW atmospheric pressure results over the land
•Wind blows from HIGH towards the LOW over India
•HEAVY RAIN & Winds blowing from Indian Ocean (WET
MONSOON)