MOBILE ABUSE
A Real Friend but …….
inconsiderate, annoying
discourteous and stupid in public
places
Mobile Abuse
•Like millions of others, you
may be the victim of cell
phone abuse.
•What is cell phone abuse?
•Imagine ….. You are in a
public place trying to
concentrate on something or in
serious discussion with your
friend or enjoying a peaceful
moment……
•A stranger 5 to 10 feet away
starts talking on his cell phone
•Your concentration breaks
or your conversation ends
or your peaceful moment
disturbs…….
•Now you are a victim of cell
phone abuse.
•Cell phone abuse results in
•1. Cyber crime
•2. Invasion of privacy
•3. Health hazards
•4. Social problems
•5.Psychological problems
•6. Financial loss
Cyber crime
•Includes traditional
activities such as fraud,
theft or forgery ,when ever
a telecommunication system
is involved
Cyber
• Cyber-, derived from the Greek word
Kubernetes meaning Steersman , is
used in the terms cybersex,
cybernetics, cyberspace, cyberpunk,
cyberhomes and cyberhate, but has
been largely surpassed by e-
•
It is used in the computer or
electronic context to denote
control of the thing
represented by the word it
precedes- CYBERCRIME
The various forms of Cyber crime are
1.Internet auction fraud
2. Internet service provider fraud
3. Fraudulent web designing
4. Multilevel marketing fraud
5. Health care fraud
6. Mobile phone fraud
Computer and Mobile
network intrusion
1.Password Sniffer
Programmes that monitors and
record the name and password of
network users as they log in
2. Spoofing
One computer is electronically'
looks like’ another computer to gain
access
3. Cyber fraud
Stock manipulation, fraudulent
business opportunities, web
auctions, credit card fraud
4. Cyber stalking
Sending harassing or threatening
e –mail or unwanted files and
obscene messages or images
Cyber stalkers usually target
women and children who are
inexperience in online
activities.
Stalkers generally lose interest if
they don’t get the reactions
they seek
Cyber terrorism
Use of computers or mobile phones
or programmes in attack against
others. It is a form of ‘Info war”
Computer sabotage
Use of internet to hinder the
normal functioning of a computer
through the introduction of
worms, viruses logic bombs etc
Mail Bombs
Software that will instruct a computer
to do almost anything so that it will
send mails for the tracker
Credit card fraud
Hacking of credit card pin number to
withdraw money
Identity theft
Theft of one’s identity for criminal use
Phishing
• Introduction of Malicious codes
into links
• Eg. Spoofed Bank web sites
Pharming
Programme that direct the user to
another Mocked link
How to escape
1. Stay anonymous- choose a
genderless name
2. Never give name or full address to
strangers
3. Don’t respond to harassing or
negative messages
4. Avoid uncomfortable situation
quickly
5. Watch
what you say- don’t flirt
online
6. Learn more about internet privacy
7. Don’t give email ID to strangers
8. Frequently change your password
and answer to the ‘secret question’
9. Don’t disclose your password to any
one, not even to your friends
10. Don’t hesitate in filing a complaint with
the police if there is any cyber fraud
IT Act 2008
• Computer Related Offences
• If any person, dishonestly, or
fraudulently, does any act referred to
in section 43, he shall be punishable
with imprisonment for a term which
may extend to two three years or with
fine which may extend to five lakh
rupees or with both.
IT Act Section 66 A
• Punishment for sending offensive
messages through communication
service, etc.
• any electronic mail or electronic mail
message for the purpose of causing
annoyance or inconvenience or to
deceive or to mislead the addressee or
recipient about the origin of such
messages.
IT Act Section 66 E
• Punishment for violation of privacy.
• Whoever, intentionally or knowingly
captures, publishes or transmits the image
of a private area of any person without his
or her consent, under circumstances
violating the privacy of that person, shall
be punished with imprisonment which
may extend to three years or with fine not
exceeding two lakh rupees, or with both
IT Act Section 67
• Punishment for publishing or
transmitting obscene material in
electronic form
• Whoever publishes or transmits or
causes to be published in the
electronic form, any material which is
lascivious or appeals to the prurient
interest or if its effect is such as to
tend to deprave and corrupt persons.
CELL PHONES
• Perry Long invented First Cell phone
in 1940.
• The first fully automatic mobile phone
system, called MTA (Mobile
Telephone system A), was developed
by Ericsson and commercially
released in Sweden in 1956
Mobile Phone
The Global System for Mobile
Communication (GSM) and
the Code Division Multiple
Access (CDMA) Systems are
digital mobile phone services.
The system consist of a Base
station antenna which
communicates with the mobile
phones through Radio
Frequency (RF) transmission.
•The mobile phone system is
referred to as “cellular
telephone system because
the coverage area is divided
into “cells “each of which
has a base station antenna.
Mobile phones use Electromagnetic
radiation in the Microwave range
around 2.5 GHz
•When we talk on mobile
phones, the transmitter takes
the sound and encodes on to a
continuous “sine wave”. The
sine wave radiates out from
the antenna and fluctuates
evenly through space.
Electromagnetic spectrum
Once the encoded sound has
been placed on the sine wave,
the transmitter sends the
signal to the antenna which
then sends the signal out.
•The encoded signals are made up
of electromagnetic radiations.
These waves are picked up by the
receiver in the base station tower.
The base station antenna emits
radiations continuously to make a
link with the subscribers.
Mobile tower and base station
Mobile Evolution
GSM & CDMA Phones
• GSM (Global System for Mobile
communications: is the most
popular standard for mobile phones in
the world.
• Code Division Multiple Access
(CDMA) is a channel access method
utilized by various radio
communication technologies.
CDMA –GSM Phones
GPS Phone
• A GPS navigation device is any
device that receives Global
Positioning System (GPS) signals for
the purpose of determining the
present location. These devices are
used in military, aviation, marine and
consumer product applications.
GPS Phone
Smart Phone
• A smartphone is a mobile phone
offering advanced capabilities, often
with PC-like functionality.
• a smartphone is simply a phone with
advanced features like e-mail,
Internet and e-book reader
capabilities
Smart Phones
SIM
• Subscriber Identification
Module (SIM)
• The SIM is a detachable smart
card containing the user's
subscription information and
phone book.
• This allows the user to retain his
or her information after switching
handsets.
• Alternatively, the user can also
change operators while retaining
the handset simply by changing
the SIM.
SIM
• Securely stores the service
subscriber key having 15 digits
• First 3 digits – Mobile country code
• Second 2 digits – Mobile network
code
• Third 10 digits – Mobile station
identification number
EV DO
• EV-DO (Evolution-Data Optimized),
often abbreviated as EV-DO or EV, is
a telecommunications standard for
the wireless transmission of data
through radio signals, typically for
broadband Internet access.
Mobile Phone technology
SIM CARD
Mobile Phone Terminology
•
•
•
•
•
URL – Universal Resource Locator
iPod – intelligent Portable occular device
MPEG – Moving Picture Expert Group
MP3 – Moving Picture – 3( Audio layer 3)
Wi-Fi – Brand name of Wi-Fi AllianceWLAN
• Blue tooth – Open wireless protocol
• GPS – Global Positioning System
• GPRS – General Packet Radio
Service - Blackberry system
VoIP Phone – Voice over Internet
Protocol
Most common type is Skype
Symptoms of Mobile abuse
1. Inability to concentrate on what
you are doing
2. Mild or severe irritability or
annoyance
3. Sensitivity to stupid ring tones
4. Initially thinking that the cell
phone user is actually talking to
you
5. Wishing the user would finish
the call
6. Wishing the user would leave
the place
7. Wishing that the battery would
die
HEALTH HAZARDS
Mobile phones uses electromagnetic
radiation in the microwave range
Part of the radio wave emitted by the
mobile phone handset will be
absorbed by the head
The radiation from a standard GSM
handset has a peak output power of
2watts
Mobile Radiation
SAR
• The rate at which human body
absorbs radiation is known as
Specific Absorption Rate
• Maximum level of SAR is set as 2
w/kg averaged over a volume of 1
gm tissue for the head
THERMAL EFFECT
• Microwave causes “dielectric heating”
• Human tissue is rich in water and
exhibit dielectric property(+ and – ve
ions)
• Living tissue heat up through the
rotation of polar molecules such as
water
• Friction causes heating of tissue
Thermal effect
Thermographic images – Before and After
15 minutes of cell phone use
Red and yellow patches- Heated tissues
• Head is in the “near field “ of
radiation, so that most of the heating
effect occurs in the head
• Temperature in the internal ear, brain
increases 1 degree or more
• This adversely affect the functioning
of these organs since these have fluid
filled cavities
Blood-Brain Barrier
• The blood vessels in the brain and
the surrounding tissue forms the BBB
that can easily dispose heat
• But prolonged heating effect can alter
brain functions and hearing ability
Blood brain barrier
Thermal effects
• Burning sensation in the Scalp and
Ear pinna
• Mood alteration and lack of
concentration
• Lethargy and lack of sleep
• Whistling sound in the ear
• Premature Cataract- Cornea of eye
lacks blood supply and heat cannot
be disposed
• Confusion and loss of memory since
the microwaves interfere with the
mood controlling brainwaves
• Alters sleep physiology and biological
rhythm by changing the level of
Dopamine, Serotonin hormones
Human Eye
Non Thermal Effects
• Increased cellular responses
• Leakage of Albumin from
blood into the brain due to
increased permeability of BBB
Non thermal effects
Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity
• Unspecific symptoms during and
after the use of cell phone.
Tingling sensation, fatigue,
dizziness, loss of mental
attention, reduction in reaction
time, memory retentiveness,
tachycardia etc.
EM Radiation penetration into brain
Fig.1.5 year old brain Fig.2. 10 year old brain
Fig.3. Adult brain
Hearing impairments
• Heating effect in the fluid of internal
ear
• Piercing sound from the speaker
causes irritability in the ear drum and
internal sensory cells of ear
• Human ear is highly sensitive to
waves between 1000 and 6000 Hz
Human Ear
Genotoxic effect
• Reduction in reproductive capacity
• DNA fragmentation
• Boosted rate of cell division
Acoustic Neuroma
•
•
•
•
Begnin brain tumor
Meningioma
Glioma
One hour use of Mobile phone
per day can increase the tumor
risk after 10 years
Acoustic Neuroma
Sleep and EEG Effects
• Brain waves such as alpha
beta ,delta waves will be
affected when exposed to
pulsed radiations
Brain waves
Microwave Auditory Effect
• Clicks and Buzzing sound in the head
• Microwave induces electric current in
the hearing centre of the brain and
causes Auditory illusion
• This may happen if music is heard
using ear phone or Bluetooth for long
time
Internal hearing sensors
• The human ear has a peak sensitivity
of 3000 Hz, which causes a sense of
unease. Alarms and Mobile ring tones
are designed to sound at 3000 Hz.
• The ear has a very low threshold of
hearing for 3000 Hz. A sound of this
frequency is very penetrating.
After Call Symptoms
• Burning sensation in the ear
pinna
• Irritation in the scalp
• Confusion
• Lethargy
• Auditory illusion
Social Problems
Mobile Phone in public places
creates social problems also….
1. In attention blindness
2. Caller Hegemony
3. Cognitive load
4. Accidents
5. e-waste
Inattention blindness
• Cell phone use in social situations
may result in overload.
• Local interaction and remote
interaction demands certain attention
• Cell phone use in public places
makes the user “ blind “ to local cues
due to cognitive overload
• Cell phone use in public places
reduce the reaction time to events
around the user
• Reduced attention to local situation
may disturb others since the user is
not attending the social situation
• Use of Mobile phones in gatherings,
meetings, entertainment places etc
disturb others through inattention
blindness
Caller Hegemony
• The alarming ring tone may
demand higher attention to the
phone rather than the local
settings
• Caller Hegemony is the
asymmetric relationship between
the caller and answerer
Cognitive load
Mobile phone use in public places
makes the user overloaded and
become unaware of the details of
communicative behavior of colocated individuals as well as other
relevant features of the social
situation
Accidents
• Mobile phone use while driving may
cause accidents due to inattention
blindness and cognitive load
• Cell phone conversation distracts the
driver’s attention, increase reaction
time, and reduce visual field attention
• Cognitive load raises above visual
sensation and diverts attention
• Reaction to and memory of visual
inputs while driving will drastically
reduce if the cognitive load
increases.
• The same negative effects may
also happens if the driver uses a
hands free phone.
e-waste
Psychological problems
• NoMophobia ( No Mobile phobia
• When we run out of credit or
battery, lose of phone or are in an
area with no reception, being
phoneless can bring a panic
symptom referred to as NoMo
Phobia or No Mobile phobia
• Ringxiety- Ringtone anxiety
• Term introduced by David Laramie
California
• Ringxiety is the sensation and false belief
that one can hear his or her mobile phone
ringing or fell it vibrating.
• Humans are sensitive to auditory tones
between 1000 and 6000 Hz. The ring tone
frequency falls with in this range
Ringxiety
Precautions
• Do not use mobile phone more than
15 minutes per day
• Do not allow others to click photos
without your permission
• Do not reply to sms(short messaging
service) and mms(multimedia
messaging service)from strangers
• Do not send obscene text or images
though mms
• Do not give your numbers to
strangers while chatting online
• Do not keep the Bluetooth open to all
• Do not give mobile to unauthorized
service centre to avoid ‘Cloning”
• Use security pin code to avoid misuse
• Use mobile phone only for
communication
• Avoid using it in public places,
hospitals, trains, buses etc for
long time.
• Do not hear mobile music for long
time. It will create auditory illusion
• Remove irritant ringtones and
replace it with soft standard ring
tones
• Switch off mobile in silent zones.
• Do not share your photos to strangers
to avoid misuse such as Morphing
• Do not keep the mobile in bedside
while sleeping. It will alter your sleep
physiology
• Consider Mobile phones similar to
your land phone. So that you will use
it only for communication
Chat Rooms
• Take extreme care during online chatting
and browsing blogs and web pages like
Orkut. Hackers are waiting for you
• Do not reply to anonymous messages and
do not give mail ID or full address in such
web pages
• Use a genderless login name
• Frequently change passwords
Safety Measures
Do not use mobile Phone
while it is plugged in
Safety Measures
• Do not use mobile phones
when there is lightning
Safety Measures
• Do not use Mobile phone near
Petrol outlet
Safety Measures
• Do not use Mobile phone near
LPG gas cylinder
Safety Measures
• Do not keep mobile phone
close to body while sleeping
• Its radiation will alter your
biorhythms and sleep
physiology
Cell phone abuse is a world
wide epidemic which is now
affecting millions of men
,women and children
especially teen age students
To the cell phone abusers we
say …………..
Try a little cell phone
courtesy…. and do not burden
others with your pseudo social
behavior.
On behalf of the millions of
us who suffer cell phone
abuse everyday
Thank you