‫إمكانات وآفاق توليد الكهرباء من مصادر الطاقة المتجددة في‬
Potentials of Generating Electricity from ‫اليمن‬
Renewable Resource in Yemen
‫ ياسمين وزير‬/‫المهندسة‬
yasminwazir@yahoo.com
‫ عدن– المؤسسة العامة للكهرباء – اليمن‬/ ‫مدير إدارة الدراسات‬
2011 ‫فبراير‬
Engineer : Yasmin Wazir
Study Department Manager _ PEC Aden-Yemen
Intriduction

Production of electrical energy basically depends on the
available resources and according to the demands.

With the rapid grow of the electricity demands , the use of
alternative sources of energy has become a must nowadays to
overcome the high cost of normal sources (oil and gas) and
their side effects on the environment .

The wind and sun energy sources represent an important
income for many countries depending on their geographical
position.
Electricity In Yemen
Electricity in Yemen depend mainly on oil ( Diesel , steam ,gas ) power station , the total
available capacity of the national grid power stations is 1267 MWAT and the total small
Diesel stations branches capacity is 295Mwat + the privet generation (purchase ) 10%
‫و) لعام‬.‫ا لقدرة التوليدية للطاقة الكهربائية للمحطات الرئيسية (داخل المنظومة) والفرعية (خارج المنظومة) (م‬
2010
)Electric Power Generation Capacity of Main Stations (within network) and sub-stations stand-alone)(M.W
for 2010
‫فروع الديزل‬
Diesel branches
18.9%
‫ديزل‬
Diesel
27.6%
‫غاز‬
Gas
21.8%
‫بخار‬
Steam
31.7%
‫م‬2010-2007 ‫س) خالل الفترة‬.‫و‬.‫انتاج الطاقة الكهربائية (ج‬
Electric Power Production (G.W.H ): 2007 to 2010
2800
2608.912634.05
2630.13
2417.00
2600
2400
2073.276
1981.00
1755.15
2200
2000
1800
1756.90
1534.57
1600
1112.00
530.56
691.04
1256.82
1400
810.02
1200
1000
800
517.47
608.71608.71
0
600
400
6.69
0
200
0
‫مشتراة‬
Purchased by
others
‫فروع‬
Production of
diesel branches
2007
‫ديزل‬
Diesel
2008
‫بخار‬
Steam
2009
2010
‫غاز‬
Gas
‫مصادر الطاقات المتجددة في اليمن‬
‫‪Renewable Energy Recourses In Yemen‬‬
‫مؤشرات األحوال الجوية‬
‫لعام ‪2006‬م‬
‫‪Weather Forecast‬‬
‫‪2006‬‬
‫وحدة القياس‬
‫‪Unit‬‬
‫األعلى‬
‫‪Max‬‬
‫األدنى‬
‫‪Min‬‬
‫درجة الحرارة‬
‫‪Temperature‬‬
‫‪C‬‬
‫‪44.3‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫الرطوبة النسبية‬
‫‪Humidity‬‬
‫‪%‬‬
‫‪89‬‬
‫‪10‬‬
‫كمية سقوط األمطار‬
‫‪Rain fall‬‬
‫مليمتر ‪mm‬‬
‫‪415‬‬
‫‪0.1‬‬
‫سرعة الرياح‬
‫‪Wind Speed‬‬
‫عقدة ‪knot‬‬
‫‪32‬‬
‫‪3.6‬‬
‫مصادر الطاقات المتجددة األساسية في دول االسكوا ‪Renewable Resources in ESCWA Countries‬‬
‫اإلشعاع الشمسي‬
‫)ك‪.‬و‪.‬س‪/‬م‪/2‬يوم(‬
‫‪Sun Rays‬‬
‫)‪(Kwh/m2/day‬‬
‫اإلشعاع الشمسي المباشر‬
‫)ك‪.‬و‪.‬س‪/‬م‪/2‬يوم(‬
‫‪Direct sun rays‬‬
‫)‪(kwh/m2/day‬‬
‫سرعة الرياح‬
‫)متر‪/‬ثانية(‬
‫‪Wind speed‬‬
‫)‪(m/sec‬‬
‫مليون طن‪.‬م‪.‬ن‪/.‬سنة‬
‫‪Milon Ton.m. /year‬‬
‫االردن ‪Jordan‬‬
‫‪5-8‬‬
‫‪5-7‬‬
‫‪5.5-7.5‬‬
‫‪0.74‬‬
‫االمارات ‪UAE‬‬
‫‪5-7‬‬
‫‪5-7‬‬
‫‪3.5-4.5‬‬
‫‪o.33‬‬
‫دولة البحرين ‪Bahrain‬‬
‫‪4-6‬‬
‫‪6-7‬‬
‫‪5-6‬‬
‫‪0.14‬‬
‫سوريا ‪Syria‬‬
‫‪5-6‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪4.5-11‬‬
‫‪0.12‬‬
‫جمهورية العراق ‪Iraq‬‬
‫‪5-7‬‬
‫‪5-7‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪6.3‬‬
‫سلطنة عمان ‪Oman‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪5-7‬‬
‫‪4-6‬‬
‫‪0.47‬‬
‫فلسطين ‪Palestine‬‬
‫‪5-6‬‬
‫‪5-6‬‬
‫‪3-5‬‬
‫‪0.015‬‬
‫دولة قطر‪Qatar‬‬
‫‪5-6‬‬
‫‪5-6‬‬
‫‪5-7‬‬
‫‪0.07‬‬
‫دولة الكويت ‪Kiewit‬‬
‫‪6-7‬‬
‫‪6-7‬‬
‫‪5-6.5‬‬
‫‪0.37‬‬
‫لبنان ‪Lebanon‬‬
‫‪4-6‬‬
‫‪4-6‬‬
‫‪3-5‬‬
‫‪0.59‬‬
‫مصر ‪Egypt‬‬
‫‪5-9‬‬
‫‪5-8‬‬
‫‪4-10‬‬
‫‪3.9‬‬
‫السعودية ‪Saudi‬‬
‫‪6-8‬‬
‫‪5-8‬‬
‫‪4.5-6.5‬‬
‫‪3.0‬‬
‫اليمن ‪Yemen‬‬
‫‪4-6‬‬
‫‪5-8‬‬
‫‪4-6.6‬‬
‫‪3.5‬‬
‫الدولة‬
‫الكتلة الحية ‪Bio mass‬‬
The application of Renewable energy
‫التطبيقات الفعلية تعتمد على الطاقة الشمسية و بشكل محدود جدا‬
Very limited application of sun energy in Yemen
Future of Renewable Energy in Yemen
• The investment in the renewable energy is very effective , however its
income is not direct.
• The estimation of Wind energy is based on the wind map prepared for the
wind energy project.
• Mountain areas that have more than 30% inclination were ignored.
• However, the costal line starting from Al-Hudaida to Abyan have big
potentials for electricity production by wind energy ; the theoretical
possibilities exceed 308 G.W.
• Unfortunately, from the wind map shown, around 60% of the possible
areas can’t be utilized due to their location far away from the populated
areas.
‫خارطة الرياح لليمن ‪ :‬توضح اإلمكانية حسب المساحة ( ‪Yemen Wind Map according to (m2/w) )W/m2‬‬
)m/s ( ‫ توضح اإلمكانية حسب شدة الرياح‬: ‫خارطة الرياح لليمن‬
Yemen Wind Map : The possibility based on wind speed m/s
‫اإلمكانية االقتصادية المتاحة إلنتاج الطاقة بالرياح‬
Economic Potential for Production of Electricity by Wind Energy
Resource
Governorate
Wind energy
Coastal areas
Economic Potential
MW
19199 MW
‫(أبين‬Abyan)
4813
‫) عدن‬Aden)
475
‫(لحج‬Lahej)
2540
‫( تعز‬Taiz)
5125
‫) الحديدة‬Al Hodeidah)
5094
‫) دمار‬Dhamar)
1152
Projects of Electricity Production By Wind Energy
• Based on the availability of technical potential, Taiz Governorate can be
considered as one of the good areas that can produce (5000 MW), and
according to wind turbine power curve (International Fig 1.35MW/km2),
the total area required to produce this amount of energy is 3,683 km
• Al Mukha wind farm project is one of the main projects of Yemen which
represents the most effective project of the renewable energy. This farm is
allocated in 45 km2 area and with capacity of 60 MW with future
extendable .
• The rating capacity of the turbine used is 2 MW and the average wind speed
is 7 m/s as shown in the Power curve
Fig (1) General View of U88-2MW (IEC II A)
Fig (2) Power Curve Analysis of U88-2MW
Cost Summary of Al Mokha (60Mwh) Wind Farm Project
Description
Material : Turbine 2MW
Qty
Unit Price
US$
Total US$
30
3,000.000
90,000,000
Direct Cost Construction (Civil,Elect)
34,080,000
Heavy Equipment Rental
5,140,000
Sub Total (A)
129,220,000
Indirect
Cost
Salary, Food, Temporary
Facility, Custom Fee, Taxes
O&M ,Spare parts
Sub Total (B)
21,261,605
Total (A+B) US$
150,481,605
Conclusions
• The main advantage of the electricity generation by wind is that it does not
expel harmful gases like (Co2) to the environment and hence it is an
environment friend energy source.
• The wind energy main production cost is only the construction cost and it
does not have running cost - unlike oil energy production.
• It represents most useful solution for the isolated areas electrification.
• Its losses is about 59% due to friction and heat, and the factors that affect
the efficiency are the changes in the wind speed and differences in the air
temperature.
• Nevertheless, the cost of the electricity generation by wind is yet not
competitive with the oil resources generation and it needs more technical
development to reduce the cost by 30% approx.
• In Yemen, using wind energy for production of electricity is still in the
study, analysis and project preparation phase.
Thank You For
Your
Attention