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INTELLIGENCE
COMMANDING QUALITIES
EXEMPLARY TO OTHERS
WILL TO EXECUTE
PLANNING
CO-ORDINATION WITH SUBORDINATES
JUDGEMENT,LOYALTY,COURAGE,INITIA
TIVE
METHODS OF DEVLOPING
LEADERSHIP QUALITIES
• READING ABOUT LIVES & DEEDS OF GREAT PEOPLE
• OBSERVING LEADER IN ORGANISATION & EXECUTION
OF PROGRAMS
• GETTING INSPIRATION & ENCOURAGEMENT FROM
ONE WHO EXERCISE LEADERSHIP POSITION
• ATTENDING LEADERSHIP TRAINING CAMPS
• GIVING RESPONSIBILITY TO APPROPRIATE PERSONS
• DISCIPLINE IS THE INDIVIDUAL OR GROUP
ATTITUDE WHICH ENSURES PROMPT
OBEDIANCE TO ORDERS &INVOCATION OF
APPROPRIATE ACTION IN ABSENCE OF
ORDERS.
• DUTY IS DEFINED AS THE MORAL OR LEGAL
OBLIGATION BINDING FORCE OF WHAT IS
RIGHT &GOOD BEHAVOIUR TOWARDS
SUPERIORS
DEFINITION:
STATE OF MIND WHICH INFLUENCE A
GROUP OF MEN TO GIVE THEIR BEST TO
ACHIEVE A COMMON GOAL.
FACTORS AFFECTING MORALE:
• STATE OF MIND
• SPIRITUAL ASPECT
• INTELLECTUAL & MATERIAL ASPECT
• IT IS THE DEFENCE OF THE CITIZEN BY THE
CITIZEN.
AIMS:
• TO SAVE LIFE
• TO MINIMISE DAMAGE TO PROPERTY
• TO MAINTAIN CONTINUITY IN PRODUCTION
• TO UPHOLD THE MORALE OF THE PEOPLE
TYPES:
• PROTECTIVE MEASURES: DISPERSION OF
POPULATION, CAMOUFLAGE.
• CONTROL MEASURES: SALVAGE, FEEDING,
SHELTERING.
• RESTORATIVE MEASURES: DISPOSAL OF DEAD,
CONTROL OF INFECTION.
HOME GUARD:
IT IS AN ORGANISED DISCIPLINED BODY OF
VOLUNTEERS TO PERFORM CIVIL DEFENCE
DUTIES AND ASSIST THE POLICE IN TRAFFIC
CONTROL AND EMERGENCY
COMMUNICATIONS
TYPES OF FIRE & THEIR EXTINGUISHERS:
• SOLID FIRE
-2 GALLON SODA ACID XTING
• LIQUID
-2 GALLON FOAM XTING
• ELECTRIC FIRE -CARBON TETRA CHLORIDE
PARTIES IN FIRE FIGHTING:
• FIRE FIGHTING PARTY-TO PUT OFF FIRE
• FIRE PIQUET PARTY -PROTECT PLACE FROM
LOOTING
• SALVAGE PARTY
-SAFES LIFE & PROVIDES
MEDICAL AID
• RESERVE PARTY
-HELP THE OTHER
PARTIES
IMMEDIATE HELP GIVEN TO INJURED PERSON
BEFORE ARRIVAL OF DOCTOR
• MOTTO-LOOK, THINK & ACT
THINGS KEPT IN FIRST AID BOX: ASPIRIN,
BURNOL, TINCTURE IODINE, DETTOL,
SCISSORS, BANDAGES, COTTON WOOL,
PLASTERS.
• DO THINGS FIRSTLY& QUICKLY WITHOUT FUSS
• GIVE ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION
• STOP THE BLLEDING& COVER THE WOUND
WITH CLEAN DRESSING
• TREAT FOR SHOCK BY KEEPING PATIENT
WARM
• DONOT ALLOW PEOPLE TO CROWD AROUND
• DISPATCH PATIENT TO HOSPITAL AS SOON AS
POSSIBLE
• IDENTIFY SNAKE IF POSSIBLE
• APPLY TURNICATE NEAR WOUND TO ARREST
BLOOD CIRCULATION
• WASH THE WOUND WITH AVAILABLE ANTISEPTIC
LOTION OR PLAIN WATER
• INCISE BITTEN AREA WITH A KNIFE TO FLOW OFF
BLOOD
• PROVIDE HOT DRINK FOR PATIENT
• APPLY ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION, CONSULT
DOCTOR IMMEDIATELY
• CLEAN &WASH THE AREA WITH WATER
&SOAP
• APPLY POTASSIUM PERMAGANATE
• CAUSTERISE THE WOUND WITH CORBOLIC
AACID OR RED HOT NEEDLE
• FIND WHETHER DOG IS AFFECTED BY RABIES
• HAS COMPLETE CONTROL OVER A GROUP OF
PERSONS
• ABLE TO EXTRACT WORK BY ALL MEANS
• ABLE TO ACHIEVE ORGANIZATION’S GOAL
• SUPPORT INJURED PART WITH SPLINT
• MAKE THE INJURED PART IMMOBILE
• TAKE HIM TO HOSPITAL AS SUCH
• REASSURE THE PATIENT
• REMOVE THE STING
• WASH WOUND WITH POTASSIUM
PERMANGANATE
• GIVE ASPRIN & AVIL
• WET CLOTHES SHOULD BE LOOSENED
• MOUTH, THORAT, & NOSTRILS SHOULD BE
CLERARED FROM MUCUS
• PATIENT SHOULD BE MADE TO LIE DOWN
OVER HIS BELLY, FACE DOWN HEAD TURNED
TO ONE SIDE ARMS STRECHED BEYOND HEAD
,TONGUE PULLED OUT
• ARITIFICIAL RESPIRATION SHOULD BE GIVEN
WHEN HE STARTS BREATHING
• SWITCH OF BREAK THE CURRENT IF POSSIBLE
• REMOVE PATIENT FROM CONTACT OF
CURRENT .STAND ON SOME INSULATION
MATERIAL-BOOTS, RUBEER SOLED SHOES
• GIVE ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION
• TREAT FOR SHOCK & BURNS
• HAEMORRHAGE MEANS BLEEDING
• STOP BLEEDING WITH THUMB BY APPLYING
PRESSURE
• REPLACE THUMB WITH WET BANDAGE & HOLD IT
TIGHTLY
• GIVE HIM DRINKS
• DURING TRANSIT KEEP HIS HEAD SLIGHTLY
LOWER THAN THE BODY
• WHEN OATIENT IS UNCONSIOUS DON’T GIVE
ANYTHING TO DRINK
• HYGINENE IS SCIENCE WHICH DEALS WITH
PRINCIPLE OF PROMOTING HEALTH,PERSONAL
& PUBLIC
• SANITATION IS ART OF KEEPING OURSELF &
SURROUNDING NEAT & CLEAN
• PERSONAL HYGIENE
CLEANLINESS OF HAIR , BODY , SKIN ,
CLOTHES , NIALS, TEETH
• COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
»EXCREMENTAL DISEASES
»DROPLET DISEASES
»CONTACT DISEASES
»INSECT BORNE, ANIMAL BORNE ,
WATER BORNE DISEASE
• TO TEACH THE CADETS ABOUT THE VALUES &
SKILLS IN EXTENDING WELFARE SERVICE AMG
WEAKER SECTIONS OF COMMUNITY
PROBLEMS OF WEAKER SECTION
• ILL HEALTH
• LACK OF SANITATION,DRINKING WATER
• ILLITERACY
• IGNORANCE OF THEIR RIGHTS & DUTIES
SOCIAL PROBLEMS
• ILLITERACY
• ENVIORNMENT DEGRADATION
• HEALTH, HYGIENE & SANITATION
• FMILY WELFARE
• DRUG ADDITIONS
• DOWRY SYSTEMS
• FAMILY PLANNING
• ERADICATION OF POLIO, MALARIA,LEPROSY &
AIDS
FOUR REGIONS OF ATMOSPHERE
• TROPOSPHERE -9km NEAR POLES,17km NEAR
EQUATOR
• STATOSPHERE -FORM TROPO UPTO 3km
• IONOSPHERE -FROM STRATO UPTO 24km
• EXOSPHERE -FROM IONO UPTO 1126.5km
FORCES ACTING ON AIR CRAFT
• LIFT
- ACTING VERTICALLY UPWARDS
(RIGHT ANGLES) THROUGH CP
• DRAG - ACTING HORIZONTALY BACKWARDS
• WEIGHT - ACTING VERTICALLY DOWNWARS
• THRUST -ACTING VERTICALLY FORWARD
COMPONENTS OF DRAG
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FORM DRAG
INDUCED DRAG
SKIN FRICTION
PARASITE DRAG
FLAP
• IT IS A LIFT AUGUMENTING DEVICE FITTED ON
THE TRAILING EDGE OF THE WING
TYPES
• VARIABLE FLAP OR SIMPLE FLAP
• SPLIT
• SLOTTED
• ZAP
• FLOWER
• JET
LAPSE RATE
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THE RATE OF DECREASE OF TEMPERATURE
WITH HEIGHT
GLIDING
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IT IS A METHOD OF FLYING IN WHICH
AIRCRAFT IS LOSING HEIGHT WITHOUT POWER
AT A CONSTANT SPEED MAINTAINING LATERAL
LEVEL & DIRECTION
YAWING
•
THE ANGULAR MOVEMENT ABOUT ITS
ANGULAR AXIS
STALLING
THE AIRCRAFT IS OUT OF CONTROL WITH
A SUDDEN LOSS OF HEIGHT BY INCREASE IN
ANGLE OF ATTACK
STALLING ANGLE
• THE ANGLE OF ATTACK AT WHICH LIFT OF
AEROFOIL IS MAX &THERE IS A SUDDEN LOSS
IN LIFT & RAPID INCREASE IN DRAG DUE TO
AIRFLOW OVER AEROFOIL BECOMING
TURBULENT INSTEAD OF STREAMLINED
ANGLE OF ATTACK
• ANGLE BETWEEN CHORD LINE & RELATIVE AIR
FLOW
• THE L/D RATIO IS MAX AT +4 DEGREE ANGLE
OF ATTAK .AT THIS ANGLE AEROFOIL MUST BE
EFFICIENT .THIS IS CALLED OPTIMUM ANGLE
OF ATTACK
ANGLE OF INCIDENCE
• ANGLE BETWEEN CHORD LINE &
LONGITUDINAL AXIS OF AIRCRAFT
AUTO ROTATION
•
THE STALLED CONDITION OF FLIGHT IN
WHICH AN AIRCRAFT AUTO-ROLLS & AUTO
YAWS
SPINNING OF FLIGHT
•
THE STALLED CONDITION OF FLIGHT IN
WHICH AIRCRAFT RAPIDLY LOSSES HEIGHT IN
SPIRAL PATH WHILE AUTO ROTATING & AUTOPITCHING
THREE AXIS IN WHICH AIR CRAFT ROTATE
• LONGITUDINAL AXIS
• LATERAL AXIS
• NORMAL AXIS
ANGULAR MOTION IN AIRCRAFT
CONTROL SURFACE
MOVEMENTS CALLED
MOVEMENT AROUND
ELEVATOR
PITICHING
VERTICAL AXIS
AILERON
ROLLING
LONGITUDINAL AXIS
RUDDER
YAWING
LATERAL AXIS
AIRCRAFT
•
ANY WEIGHT CARRYING DEVICE DESIGNED
SUPPORTED BY AIR ,EITHER BOUYANT OR
DYNAMIC
AEROPLANE
•
A MECHANICALLY DRIVEN AIRCRAFT WITH
FIXED WINGS SUPPORTED BY DYNAMIC
REACTION OF AIR UPON WINGS
AIR FRAME
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AN AIRCRAFT WITHOUT ITS ENGINES
FUSELAGE
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THE BODY OF AIRCRAFT TO WHICH
WINGS, TAIL PLANE, FIN, RUDDER, & OTHER
SURFACE ARE ATTACHED
MAIN PLANE
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THE HORIZONTAL MAIN WINGS OF
AEROFOIL SECTION ATTACHED TO FUSELAGE
AILERONS
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HORIZONTAL CONTROL SURFACE
HINGED TO REAR SPART OF MAIN PLANE
NEAR WING TIP.ROLLING MOVEMENT IS
ACHIEVED
ELEVATOR
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HORIZONTAL CONTROL SURFACE BY
WHICH UPWARDS OR DOWNWARDS
INCLINATION OF AN AEROPLANE IN FLIGHT IS
CONTROLLED
TAIL PLANE
•
FIXED HORIZONTAL SURFACE OF
SURFACES FORMING OF TAIL UNIT WHICH
AFFECT THE LONGITUDINAL STABILITY OF THE
MOTION OF AN AEROPLANE
RUDDER
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THE MOVABLE VERTICAL SURFACE
FORMING PART OF THE TAIL UNIT BY WHICH
THE AIRPLANE IN FLIGHT IS CONTROLLED
COCKPIT
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THE PORTION OF A FUSEL OF NECELLE
DESIGNED TO ACCOMMODATE PILOTS
CONTROL COLUMN
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THE LEVER BY WHICH THE ELEVATOR &
AILERON CONTROLS ARE OPERATED
FIN
• FIXED VERTICAL SURFACES FORMING PART OF
TAIL UNIT BY WHICH YOWING STABILTY OF
AEROPLANE IS EFFECTIVE.
AIR BRAKE
•
A DEVICE PRIMARILY USED TO INCREASE
THE AIR DRAG OF AIRCRAFT
CREEP
•
THE ROTATION OF TYRE OVER THE WHEEL
BI PLANE
•
ONE SET OF MAIN PLANE IS FIXED OVER
THE OTHER SET OF MAIN PALNE
PROPELLER
• A SCREW DESIGNED TO CONVERT THE POWER
DEVELOPED BY ENGINE INTO FORWARD
THRUST
WINGS
• MAIN LIFT GIVING COMPONENTS WHICH
CARRIES BOMBS, MISSILES,DROP-TANTS
&NECKETS IN FIGHTER AIR CRAFTS
AEROFOIL
• A BODY DESIGNED TO PRODUCE MORE LIFT
THAN DRAG
• IT IS CHAMBERED ON THE TOP SURFACE&
MORE OR LESS STRAIGHT AT THE BOTTOM
SURFACE
SLOTTED AEROFOIL
• AN AEROFOIL HAVING ITS TWO SURFACES
CONNECTED BY ONE OR MORE AIR PASSAGE
OR SLOTS WHEN PRIMARY OBJECT IS TO
IMPROVE AIR FLOW AT HIGH ANGLE OF
ATTACK
SPAN
• THE OVER ALL LENGTH FROM WING TIP TO
WING TIP
BULK HEAD
• ANY TRANSVERSE PARTITION THE FUSELAGE
WHICH SEPARATES TWO PARTS COMPLETETLY
FROM ONE OTHER
LEADING EDGE
• THE FORWARD MEMBER OF AEROFOIL
TARILING EDGE
• THE AFT EDGE OF AN STREAMLINE OF
AEROFOIL.
CHAMBER
• A CURVED LINE JOINING LEADING & TRAILING
EDGE OF AEROFOIL, WHICH IS EQUAL DISTANCE
FROM UPPER & LOWER SURFACE OF AEROFOIL
AT ALL POINTS.
CHORD
• IT’S THE LENGTH OF CHORD LINE IN AN
AEROFOIL FROM LEADING EDGE TO TRAILLING
EDGE
UNDER CARRIAGE
•
PART OF AEROPLANE INTENDED FOR ITS
SUPPORT WHILE ON GROUND OR WATER TO
ABSORB SHOCK TO LANDING & DURIN TAKE
OFF TAXING
•
THE MULTIWHEEL ARRANGEMENT ON
AIRCRAFT U/C SYSTEM IS KNOWN AS BOGIE
ARRANGEMENT
• TYPES OF UNDER CARRIAGE
FIXED U/C
•
THE U/C UNIT IS FIXED TO THE FUSELAGE &
CAN NOT BE RETRACTED FOLDED DURING
FLIGHT
RETRACTABLE U/C
•
THE U/C UNIT IS MADE RETRACTABLE IN
FLIGHT TO REDUCE THE DRAG
PRIMARY CONTROL SURFACE OF
AIRCRAFT
• ELEVATOR - FOUND AT TRAILING EDGE OF
TAIL PLANE ------PROVIDING PITICHING
MOVEMENT
• AILERON - FOUND AT TRAILING EDGE OF
MAIN PLANE/ WINGS AT TIP END-----PROVIDING ROLLING MOVEMENT
• RUDDER
- FOUND AT TRAILING EDGE OF
VENTRAL FIN---- PROVIDING YAWING
MOVEMENT
CONSTRUCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS OF
AIR FRAME
• SMOOTH SKIN OF REQUIRED AERO DYNAMIC
FORM.
• SUFFICIENT STRENGHT TO WITHSTAND
LANDING & HANDLING LOADS.
• MOUNTING POINTS FOR ENGINE, FUEL TANKS
EQUIPMENTS etc.
• SUFFICIENT STIFFNESS TO RETAIN ITS
CORRECT SHAPE
• PROTECTION OF AIRCREW & RADIO GEAR ,
COOLING FOR ENGINE & ELECTRICAL GEAR
• SUFFICIENT BREAKDOWN POINTS FOR EASY
DISMANTLING
• THE DESIGN ITSELF SHOULS BE CHEAP & EASY
FOR PRODUCTION & REPAIRS
PURPORSE
• TO KNOW THE NATURE & IDENTIFY THE
AIRCRAFT DURING BOTH WAR & PEACE
HOW IT IS RECOGNIZED ?
• BY WING POSITION, WING SHAPE, WING TIPS,
FINS, CANOPY, TAIL PLANES & MARKING
DURING WAR TIME
• IT HELPS THE MOP(MOBILE OBSERVATION
POSTT) TO FIND WHETHER THE AIRCRAFT IS
FRIEND OR FOE
• IT HELPS TO KNOW THE CAPABLITY OF
AIRCRAFT BY IDENTIFYING ITS TYPE
DURING PEACE TIME
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IT HELPS TO IDENTIFY THE DIFFERENT
TYPES OF AIRCRAFT POSSESSED BY ENEMY &
ASSES THE STRENGTH OF COUNTRY &
PREPARE FOR SELF DEFENCE
CLASSIFICATION OF AIRCRAFTS AS PER ROLES
• FIGHTER
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- FOR OFFENSIVE & DEFENSIVE
PURPOSE
TRAINER
-FOR PURPOSE OF TRAINING
BOMBER
-FOR OFFENSIVE & DEFESIVE
PURPOSE
TRANSPORT -TO CARRY MEN MATERIALS
HELICOPTOR -FOR OFFENSIVE , DEFESIVE
TRRAINING & TRANSPORT
PURPOSE
FIGHTER AIRCRAFTS IN IAF
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MIG -21,23,27,29
MIG -21FL
MIG - 21 BIG
SUKHOI -30
MIRRAGE 2000
JAGUAR
HELICOPTERS IN IAF
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CHEETAH
CHETAK
MI -17
MI -8
MI -25
MI -26
MI -35
• AIRMANSHIP IS A STUDY OF RULES &
REGULATION WHICH MUST BE FOLLOWED
BOTH ON GROUND AND IN AIR TO ENSURE
SAFETY & PROPER DISCIPLNE IN FLYING
• INCLUDES AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL
PROCEDURES & OTHER LAID DOWN ACTIONS
TO DEAL WITH ANY TYPE OF A/C
EMERGENCIES & OTHER CONTINGENCIES
IMPORTANCE OF AIRMANSHIP
• HELPS TO INCULATE THE SENCE OF DISCIPLINE
AMONGST PILOTS & OTHER CREO MEMBERS
• HELPS PILOT TO KNOW THE STANDARD
PROCEDURES LAID DOWN FOR AIRFIELD ON
WHICH HE IS OPERATING
• HELPS THE PILOT TO KNOW PROCEDURE TO
BE FOLLOWED IN EMERGENCY SITUATION
• GOOD AIRMANSHIP ENSURES A PILOT AT HIS
BEST, WHEN THE SITUATION AT IT’S WORST
• FINALLY, AIRMANSHIP WHEN STUDIED IN
CORRECT SENSE, PROMOTES FLIGHT SAFETY &
PREVENTS AIRCRAFT SAFETY
ATC ( AIR TRAFFIC CONTOL)
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IT CONTROLS THE MONEMENT OF
AIRCRAFT ON AIR , & IT’S MOVEMENT ON
GROUND
FORCED LANDING
• IT IS DEFINED AS A LANDING WHICH WAS NOT
CONTEMPLATED BEFORE THE FLIGHT BEGAN
• IT MAY BE CARRIED OUT EITHER ON A
AIRFIELD OR OUTSIDE
REASONS FOR FORCED LANDING
• FUEL SHORTAGE
• TECHNICAL DEFECT IN ENGINE OR AIRFRAME
• POSITION NOT KNOW
AERODROME
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IT IS THE DEFINED AS THE AREA OF
LAND OR WATER INCLUDING BUILDING &
INSTALLATION, NORMALY USED FOR TAKE-OFF
&LANDING OF AIRCRAFT
AIRFIELD
•
IT REFERS TO AN AREA OF LAND USED
FOR TAKE-OFF & LANDING OF AIRCRAFT
EXCLUDES BUILDING & INSTALLATION
AIRPORT
•
THE WORLD AIRCRAFT IS CHIEFLY USED
FOR FLYING ESTABLISHMENT WHICH HANDLE
INTERNATIONAL AIR TRAFFIC & THERFORE
HAVE A CUSTOM HOUSE, OTHER TRAVEL
AMENTIES PORT FACILITIES IN FACT
SIGNAL SQARE
•
A NUMBER VISUAL GROUND SIGNALS
WHICH GIVE THE PILOT ESSENTIAL
INFORMATION ARE DISPLAYED IN FRONT OF
CONTROL TOWER IN A SQUARE
APPROACH LIGHTING
•
THIS IS TO ASSIST THE PILOT TO MAKE AN
APPROACH FOR LANDING IN POOR VISIBLITY
AT NIGHT
TAXYING
•
IT IS THE MOVEMENT OF A/C WITH ITS
OWN POWER
TOWING
•
IT IS THE MOVEMENT OF A/C WITHOUT ITS
OWN POWER, BUT BY EXTERNAL POWER LIKE
MANPOWER/TRACTOR
BLAST PENS
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TO ENSURE THAT IN THE EVENT OF AN
ENEMY ATTAK THE A/C ARE SAFELY PARKED &
ALSO ARE NOT CONCENTRATED AT ONE PLACE
THEY ARE PROVIDED AT VARIOUS AIRFIELDS
TAXI TRACK
•
TAXI TRACK IS CONSTRUCTED OR A
MARKED PATH USED BY A/C MOVING ON
GROUND AT AN AIRFIELD
CIRCUIT RULES
•
THE AIRFILED CIRCUIT IS THE AIR SPACE
EXTENDING TO 3000ft ABOVE AIRFIELD
ELEVATION, ON RADIUS OF 18000ft FROM THE
CENTRE OF THE AIRFIELD
WHEN THE FLYING IN CIRCUIT, A PILOT IS TO
• KEEP A SHARP LOOK OUT FOR OTHER
AIRCRAFT IN THE VICINITY
• CONFIRM WITH OR AVOID THE TRAFFIC
PATTERN
• MAINTAIN A CONTINUOUS LISTENING WATCH
ON THE AERODROME R/T FREQUENCIES
&KEEP A SHARP LOOK OUT FOR ANY VISUAL
SIGNALS WHICH MAY BE DISPLAYED
• OBTAIN BY R/T OR VISUAL MEANS,
AUTHORIZATION FOR ANY MOVEMENTS
• IT AS AN ART OF GUIDING AN AIRCRAFT
THROUGH THE AIR, SO THAT IT ARRIVES AT
DESIRED POSITION AT A PRE CALCULATED
TIME
• IT CONSIST OF DEAD RECKONING
THE REQUIREMENTS OF SUCCESSFUL
NAVIGATION ARE
• ACCURATE PRE FLIGHT PLANNING
• ACCURATE FLYING,
• GOOD MAP READING
• ATTENTION TO ETAs & CHANGE OF ETA IF
NECESSARY
WHY A PILOT SHOULD BE THOROUGH ABOUT
NAVIGATION?
• HE HAS THE PRIMARY DUTY OF FLYING THE
AIRCRAFT
• IT WOULD NOT BE POSSIBLE FOR HIM TO
CARRYOUT THE DETAILED TASK OF A
PROFESSIONAL NAVIGATOR
• USAGE OF PLOTTING TABLES, COMPUTERS,
CHART etc.
• HAS TO BE SKILLED IN MAP READING IN
ORDER TO NAVIGATE ACCURATELY
METHODS OF REPORING THE POSITION OF A/C
BY THE PILOT
• CARTESIAN COORDINATE SYSTEM
• POLAR COORDINATE
POLAR COORDINATE SYSTEM
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IN THIS SYSTEM, THE POSITION REPORING
IS DONE THROUGH BEARING & DISTANCE
FROM A PARTICULAR POINT (OR) BY FIRST
REFERING TO THE NAME OF PROMINENT
PLACE OR LAND MARK
TRUE NORTH
•
IT IS THE DIRECTION INDICATED BY THE
POSITION OF GEOGRAPHIC NORTH POLE & IT
IS REPRESENTED BY MERIDIANS
COURSE
•
IT IS THE DIRECTION IN WHICH THE FORCE
& AFT OF THE AXIS OF THE A/C IS POINTING
TRACK
•
THE DIRECTION OF THE PATH OF A/C WITH
REFERENCE TO GROUND
DEVIATION
•
AN ANGULAR DIFFERENCE B/W THEN
MAGNETIC NORTH & COMPASS NORTH
VARIATION
•
THE ANGULAR DIFFERENCE B/W NORTH &
MAGNETIC NORTH AT A PLACE
GREAT CIRCLE
•
GREAT CIRCLE IS DRAWN ON THE SURFACE
OF THE EARTH WHOSE PLAIN CUTS THE
EARTH INTO 2 EQUAL PARTS i.e. EQUATOR
RHUMB LINE
•
IT IS THE LINE CUTTING ALL THE
MERIDIANS AT THE SAME ANGLE
EQUATOR
• IT IS A GREAT CIRCLE WHOSE PLANE IS
PERPENDICULAR TO AXIS OF ROTATION OF
THE EARTH.
• THE EQUATOR LIES IN A EAST WEST
DIRECTION & DIVIDES THE EARTH INTO
NOTHERN & SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE
SMALL CIRCLE
• THE CIRCLE ON THE SURFACE OF THE EARTH
WHICH CUTS THE EARTH INTO 2 PARTS WHICH
ARE UNEQUAL
EARTH AXIS
•
IT IS A VERTICAL LINE JOINING THE TWO
POLES OF THE EARTH, LYING PERPENDICULAR
TO THE EQUATOR & PASSING THROUGH THE
CENTRE OF THE EARTH
INDIA
UNION GOVERNMENT
• Ms.Pratibha Devisingh Patil:PRESIDENT
• Mohammad Hamid Ansari:V.PRESIDENT
COUNCIL OF MINISTERS
• PRIME MINISTER:Mr.Manmohan Singh
• FINANCE
:Mr.Pranab Mukherjee
• AGRI,FOOD
• CIVIL&PUBLIC
• DISTRIBUTION :Mr.Sharad Pawar
• DEFENCE
:Mr.A.K.Antony
• HOME AFFAIRS :Mr.P.Chidambaram
• RAILWAYS
:Ms.Mamta Banerjee
• EXTERNAL AFF
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AIRS
:Mr.S.M.Krishna
HEALTH&FAM
ILY WELFARE :Mr.Ghulam Nabi Azad
POWER
:Mr.Sushil Kumar Shinde
LAW&JUSTICE :Mr.M.Veerappa Moily
URBAN DEVE
LOPEMENT
:Mr.S.Jaipal Reddy
R&T HIGH
WAYS
:Mr.Kamal Nath
OVERSEAS
INDIAN
AFFAIRS
:Mr.Vayalar Ravi
PETROLEUM
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&NATURL
GAS
:Mr.Murali Deora
HUMAN
RESOURCE
DEVELOPEM:Mr.Kabil Sibal
IT&BROAD
CASTING :Ms.Ambika Soni
SHIPPING :Mr.G.K.Vasan
TEXTILES :Mr.Dayanidhi Maran
COMMUNI
CATION&IT:Mr.A.Raja
YOUTH
AFFAIRS&
SPORTS
:Dr.Farooq Abdullah
CIVIL AVI
CHIEF OF ARMED FORCES
• SUPREME COMMANDER:PRESIDENT Ms.Pratiba
Devisingh Patil
• CHIEF OF ARMY STAFF :GENERAL Deepak Kapoor
• CHIEF OF NAVAL STAFF :ADMIRAL Suresh Mehta
• CHIEF OF AIR STAFF
:AIR CHIEF MARSHAL P.V.Naik
• COMMANDER-IN• CHIEF STRATEGIC
• FORCES
:VICE-ADMIRAL Vijay
Shankar
• CHIEF OF INTEGR
• ATED DEFENCE STAFF:VICE-ADMIRAL Raman Puri