Settling the West
Theme: After the Civil War, whites overcame the Plains
Indians’ fierce resistance and settled the Great West,
bringing to a close the long frontier phase of American
history.
Theme: The farmers who populated the West found
themselves the victims of an economic revolution in
agriculture. Trapped in a permanent debtor dependency, in
the 1880s they finally turned to political action to protest their
condition. Their efforts culminated in the Populist Party’s
attempt to create an interracial farmer/labor coalition in the
1890s, but William Jennings Bryan’s defeat in the pivotal
election of 1896 signaled the triumph of urbanism and the
middle class.
I. Challenges with Native
Americans
A.
The Great West
1.
Geography
a. Plains, Mountains, Great
Basin, and water features
2.
Migration of cultures
a.
b.
B.
Spanish-American
African-American
Overview NA-Govt policies
1.
2.
3.
Pre-1830: Treaties with
each tribe
1830: Concentration
1860: Relocation
a.
4.
5.
Bureau of Indian Affairs
1887: Assimilation
1934: Semi-Autonomy
a.
Indian Reorganization Act
Current Population Density of
Native Americans
I. Challenges with Native
Americans (cont.)
C.
Warfare with Native Americans,
1868-1890
1.
Highlights
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
2.
Sand Creek, 1864
Sioux War of 1876-1877
Chief Joseph and Nez Pierce
Apache Wars
Battle of Wounded Knee, 1890
Greater danger than whites: RR
and disease
Indian Reform
a.
b.
H.H. Jacksons A Century of
Dishonor, 1881
Assimilation with Dawes
Severalty Act, 1887
II. Impact of Railroad
A.
Mining
1.
2.
3.
B.
Cattle
1.
2.
C.
Pike’s Peak, 1858
Comestock Lode, 1859
Women suffrage
“Long Drive”
Challenge: weather and J. Glidden
Farming
1.
Homestead Act, 1862
a.
2.
160/5
Challenge: Lack of water
a. Dry farming
3.
Growth of Great West
a.
D.
New states and OK
Fading of Frontier
1.
Superintendent of Census 1890 and
F. J. Turner, 1893
a. Safety Valve?
2.
3.
Urbanization of the west
Farm becomes factory through “croplien” system
General Mills, the parent company of
Pillsbury, was founded during this time
In 1860 in Minneapolis, Minnesota.
III. Political Highlights 1890’s
A.
Rise of Populism, chapter 2
1.
Leaders
a.
b.
c.
2.
Discontent
a.
b.
c.
B.
William Harvey Coin’s Fin.
Sch.
Ignatius Donnelly
Mary Lease
Panic of 1893
Coxey’s Army
Pullman Strike
Election of 1896
1.
2.
McKinley (Hanna) v. Bryan
and 2 VP’s
Issues: Currency, campaign
finance, radicalism
Shot twice by Leon Czolgosz in Buffalo, NY in 1901
Map Questions
(use the maps and charts in chapter 26 to answer the questions)
1. In the election of 1892, which three western states had no countries that
backed the Populist party?
2. Which four southern states had the most Populist support in the election of
1892 (that is, at least three countries that went Populist)?
3. In the election of 1896, how many electoral votes did McKinley win from
states west of the Mississippi River?
4. How many electoral votes did McKinley win in the southern states of the
old Confederacy?
Map Answers
1.
2.
3.
4.
Montana, Washington, and California
Texas, North Carolina, Oklahoma, and Georgia
Thirty-seven
none