Digging the Fourth Grave For
Naturalism – No “Dark Energy”
Christopher Chui, PhD
Acknowledgment: I am indebted to numerous
sources in the Internet, NASA photos, and several
books, especially John Hartnett’s book “Starlight,
Time and the New Physics,” and many research
papers of Robert Gentry.
http://ChristCenterGospel.org
ckchui1@yahoo.com
4/7/2015
1
God Created the Universe
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“In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was
with God, and the Word was God.” John 1:1
“In the beginning, God created the Heavens and the
Earth.” Gen 1:1
.
4/7/2015
2
Where is the Anti-Matter?
The largest accelerator in Fermi Lab near Chicago
draws gigawatts of power loading down the power
grid. The annual power consumption is over 2
million dollars. With this gigawatt power, very little
anti-matter is produced, because it is inherently
unstable. It reverts to matter within seconds.
Devices to trap the anti-matter require energy. Any
imbalance will turn the antimatter back into matter.
The rest of the energy is lost to heat! Cooling is
required. Again, large amount of energy is required
for cooling!
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Ball of Matter vs Big Bang
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4
No expansion of space!
Clusters of galaxies at the edges of the universe
have more gravitational forces than the gravitational
forces of our Galaxy to the sun.
If expansion of space is possible, then we should
NOT see galaxies at all, because forces that can
expand the space between clusters will also expand
the space inside our Galaxy.
Another consequence is that there is NO
Cosmological Principle.
The Galaxy is at the Center of the Universe!
Compare Forces of Clusters to the Sun
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Mass of Milky Way Galaxy = 200*10^9*Sun
Mass of the Sun = 2*10^30 kg
Distance of the Sun to the Center of Galaxy = 8 kpc; 1 pc = 3.261568 ly = 3.085*10^16 m
8 kpc = 2.468E+20 m
The stellar disk of the Milky Way Galaxy is approximately 100,000
light-years (30 kiloparsecs, 9×10^17 km) in diameter
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F(Galaxy_Sun) = -G* 3.28352E-30
F(Cluster_500_Galaxies) = -G*1.11774E-20
2.79436E-21
2.79436E-23
2.79436E-25
2.79436E-27
F(Cluster_40_Galaxies) = -G* 7.15356E-23
1.78839E-23
1.78839E-25
1.78839E-27
1.78839E-29
F(CG) / F(GS)
3404104191
851026085.1
8510260.851
85102.60851
851.0260851
Distance between 2 clusters
100000000 = 100 mly
200000000 = 200 mly
2000000000 = 2 bly
20000000000 = 20 bly
2E+11 = 200 bly
21786267.78
5446566.945
54465.66945
544.6566945
5.446566945
100000000 = 100 mly
200000000 = 200 mly
2000000000 = 2 bly
20000000000 = 20 bly
2E+11 = 200 bly
More Comparisons of Forces of Clusters to the Sun
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Gravitational Forces
F(CG) / F(GS)
Distances
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F(Cluster_50_Galaxies) = -G* 1.11774E-22
2.79436E-23
2.79436E-25
2.79436E-27
1.24194E-27
F(Cluster_40_Galaxies) = -G* 7.15356E-23
1.78839E-23
1.78839E-25
1.78839E-27
7.94841E-28
F(Cluster_20_Galaxies) = -G* 1.78839E-23
4.47098E-24
4.47098E-26
4.47098E-28
1.9871E-28
F(Cluster_2_Galaxy) = -G* 1.78839E-25
4.47098E-26
4.47098E-28
4.47098E-30
1.9871E-30
34041043.4
8510260.851
85102.60851
851.0260851
378.2338156
21786267.78
5446566.945
54465.66945
544.6566945
242.069642
5446566.945
1361641.736
13616.41736
136.1641736
60.5174105
54465.66945
13616.41736
136.1641736
1.361641736
0.605174105
100 mly
200 mly
2 bly
20 bly
30 bly
100 mly
200 mly
2 bly
20 bly
30 bly
100 mly
200 mly
2 bly
20 bly
30 bly
100 mly
200 mly
2 bly
20 bly
30 bly
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Galaxies are not moving very fast
Galaxies are not moving very fast. Otherwise we
should see galaxy centers would be moved towards
the direction of motion of the galaxy. The center of the
Milky Way is moving towards the Virgo Cluster with a
velocity of about 90 km/s.
The Local Group speeds are about 100 to 400 km/sec
towards the Virgo Cluster. The Virgo Cluster is about
60 million light-years away.
Galaxy Velocity Dispersion
Inside the Local Group, galaxy velocity
dispersion is about 72 km/sec. This is also true
for dwarfs and giant galaxies. Since the
distance of the sun to the center of the Galaxy
is about 8 kpc, which is about 2.47 x 1017 km,
the time for the Milky Way Galaxy to disappear
is about 100 million years!
Contents of the “Big Bang” Universe
4/7/2015
Solving Problems of Dark Matter Christopher Chui, PhD
10
Strange Speeds at the Edge of the
Universe
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Hubble’s Law: v=Hr
H=v/r
H=71 km/s/Mpc
Radius=13.75 bly=13750000000 ly (for non-expanding cosmos)
1 pc = 3.261568 ly
1 Mpc = 3261568 ly = 3261568
13.75 x 10^9 /3261568 = 4215.764 71 x 4215.764 =
299319.2
The speed of light = 300000 km/sec
% speed of light = 0.997731 x 100% = 99.77%!
Impossible!
Therefore, all redshifts must be corrected to be less
than 0.3.
Special Relativity for Mass Increase
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%speed of light
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10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
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v
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1-v^2
sqrt(1-v^2)
1/sqrt(1-v^2)
% increase
0.99
0.96
0.91
0.84
0.75
0.64
0.51
0.36
0.19
0.994987437
0.979795897
0.953939201
0.916515139
0.866025404
0.8
0.714142843
0.6
0.435889894
1.005037815
1.020620726
1.048284837
1.091089451
1.154700538
1.25
1.400280084
1.666666667
2.294157339
0.503781526
2.062072616
4.828483672
9.108945118
15.47005384
25
40.0280084
66.66666667
129.4157339
For galaxies, redshifts of over 30% of the
speed of light are impossible!
The same is true for QSOs.
Redshift abundance peak values
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10/17/2010
13
34
Space Was Stretched (Cameli 1996)
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Hartnett solutions to equations (2002-2007)
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The universe has expanded over a short time
The hill was initially large but decreased rapidly
An expanding white hole with our galaxy at the center
No ‘dark’ matter or ‘dark’ energy is needed
Day 1, God formed the earth from only water after
creating gravitation and electromagnetic energy
Day 2, God separated the waters
Day 3, God separated the land and water. Plants were
also created
Day 4, God created the lights to rule the day and
night. God also stretched space. He created galaxies
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Harmonize Humphreys, Hartnett, and Gentry
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Humphreys pioneered the white hole solution (1994)
A white hole continuously created matter in the past
No white whole has been observed today
Hartnett modified the white hole theory using Cameli’s
Hartnett solved all problems of dark matter/energy
Gentry (1996) showed that space cannot be expanded
Space expansion happened only in the early cosmos
Space is not expanding now because of conservation
We live in a galactocentric universe
God wants us to observe the universe to glorify Him
4/7/2015
Digging Graves for Naturalism Christopher Chui, PhD
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Other Odd Theories
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The idea of eternal matter is traceable to the Greeks
Eternal universe is a religious concept
Multiverses exist only in the minds of atheists
There is ZERO evidence for both the eternal matter
and those multiverses
“The fool has said in his heart, ‘There is no God.’ ”
Ps 14:1a
“The wicked in his proud countenance does not
seek God; God is in none of his thoughts.” Ps 10:4
4/7/2015
Digging Graves for Naturalism Christopher Chui, PhD
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Earth’s clocks were very very slow
th
during 4 Day Expansion
4/7/2015
Solving Problems of Dark Matter Christopher Chui, PhD
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Math bases for light to travel
billions of ly in a few hours-1
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Light-travel time
10/31/2010
4/7/2015
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Math bases for light to travel
billions of ly in a few hours-2
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10/17/2010
10/31/2010
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34
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We live in a galactocentric universe
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One solution of Einstein’s field equations allows a
finite expanding white hole with our Galaxy at the
center in the past.
Observations from the large galaxy surveys indicate
that we live at the center of concentric spherical
shells of galaxies with a spacing of about 100 million
light-years.
Observations indicate that quasars are distributed at
discrete redshifts. These quasars are much closer
than their redshift distances. They are also
distributed on concentric spherical shells
The universe was made for a purpose—we are here
to observe the Creator’s glorious creation all around
us.
Gloria Deo
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“For in six days the Lord made the heavens and the
earth, the sea, and all that is in them and rested the
seventh day. Therefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath
day and hallowed it.” Ex. 20:11。
“Then God said, ‘Let there be lights in the firmament of
the heavens to divide the day from the night; and let
them be for signs and seasons, and for days and
years;” Gen. 1:14
LIFE MUST BE CREATED BY GOD!
THE BIG BANG NEVER HAPPENED!
NO DARK MATTER OR DARK ENERGY NEEDED!
THE BIBLE IS TRUSTWORTHY IN SCIENCE AND IN
FAITH!