STATES OF
MATTER
Solids, Liquids, and Gases
Matter
• Matter is anything that takes up space.
• Everything on earth is matter.
• Matter exists in three states:
• Solids
• Liquids
• Gases
Solids
• A solid does not change size or shape
when it is moved.
• You can measure the shape and the mass
of a solid.
• Molecules of a solid are packed together
tightly and don’t move.
• Examples: book, apple, shoes
• Can you think of anymore?
Liquids
• Liquids do not change size.
• Liquids do change in shape and take the
shape of the container they are in.
• Molecules of a liquid are packed loosely
and move.
• Examples: water, juice, syrup
• How do liquids look and feel?
Gases
• A gas is matter that fills many kinds of
things by changing its size and shape.
• For example, bubbles, balloons, and balls
are filled with gas. Air is also a gas.
• Molecules of a gas are spread far apart
and move quickly.
• Can you think of another example?
Mixture
• Made up of two or more different
substances which are mixed but are not
combined chemically.
• Can be classified as solutions,
suspensions or colloids.
• Ex. Trail Mix, Air
Solution
A homogeneous mixture
Molecule-sized particles
The solvent dissolves the solute
Transparent so light can pass through
them
• Ex. Salt water; Iced Tea
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Suspension
• A heterogeneous mixture
• The size of the particles is great enough
so they are visible to the naked eye.
• Opaque or Murky so light cannot pass
through
• Separate on standing or by filtration.
• Ex. Blood, Oil & Water
Colloid
• A mixture that has medium-sized
particles (in between solutions & suspensions)
• Remain evenly distributed without
settling out
• Made of two parts - colloid particles and a
dispersing substance
• Classified based on state of matter of the
two parts
• Ex. Jelly, Milk
Types of Colloids
• Aerosol - liquid dispersed in a gas
ex. fog, mist, clouds
• Foam - gas dispersed in a liquid
ex, soda (CO2 dissolved in water), whipped cream
• Solid Foam - gas dispersed in a solid
ex. Styrofoam, plaster
• Emulsion - liquid dispersed in a liquid
ex. butter, milk
• Gel - liquid dispersed in a solid
ex. Jello, starch solution
• Solid Aerosol - solid dispersed in a gas
ex. smoke, dust
• Sol - solid dispersed in a liquid
ex. blood, ink, paint
Oobleck
• How to make Oobleck
• Oobleck Lab
• Story
Phase Changes
• A change from one state of matter (solid,
liquid, gas) to another.
• Physical change because appearance is
changed, not chemical make-up; reversible.
• Heat energy is either absorbed (molecules
speed up) or released (molecules slow
down)
• Ex. Melting: Ice to water; heat absorbed
Types of Phase Changes
Melting
• Phase change
from a solid to a
liquid
• Molecules speed
up, move farther
apart, and absorb
heat energy
Freezing
• Phase Change from
a liquid to a solid
• Molecule slow down,
move closer
together and
release heat energy.
Vaporization (Boiling)
• Phase change from a
liquid to gas. It
occurs at the boiling
point of matter.
• Molecules speed up,
move farther apart,
and absorb heat
energy.
Evaporation
• Phase change from a
liquid to a gas on the
surface of a liquid
(occurs at all
temperatures)
• Molecules speed up,
move farther apart,
and absorb heat
energy.
Condensation
• Phase change from a
gas to a liquid.
• Molecules slow down,
move closer together
and release heat
energy.
Sublimation
• Phase change from a
solid to a gas.
• Molecules speed up,
move farther apart,
and absorb heat
energy.
Deposition
• Phase change from a
gas to a solid.
• Molecules slow down,
move closer together
and release heat
energy.