Life Boot Camp 5.8A Differentiate between weather and climate. STAAR 2013 #37; RC 3; Supporting 1. Which of these described climate rather than weather? A. Wind speed is changing as storm moves through an area. B. The temperature is decreasing in a slow-moving cold front. C. Annual high temperatures in the summer have increased over many decades. D. The rainfall during one year was greater than the rainfall during the following year. STAAR 2013 #37; RC 3; Supporting 1. Which of these described climate rather than weather? A. Wind speed is changing as storm moves through an area. B. The temperature is decreasing in a slow-moving cold front. C. Annual high temperatures in the summer have increased over many decades. D. The rainfall during one year was greater than the rainfall during the following year. TAKS Study Guide, #33 2. One reason that trees rarely grow at the top of high mountains is that high mountain peaks — A are usually covered by thick grasses B are home to many grazing animals C tend to be very cold for most of the year D often receive a large amount of rainfall TAKS Study Guide, #33 2. One reason that trees rarely grow at the top of high mountains is that high mountain peaks — A are usually covered by thick grasses B are home to many grazing animals C tend to be very cold for most of the year D often receive a large amount of rainfall 3. Which of the following has the greatest influence on the temperature of a land area? A B C D The amount of organic material in the soil The amount of clouds over the region The amount of solar energy received daily The distance of the area from an ocean 3. Which of the following has the greatest influence on the temperature of a land area? A B C D The amount of organic material in the soil The amount of clouds over the region The amount of solar energy received daily The distance of the area from an ocean 4. Which of the following statements BEST explains why the climate is warmer at the equator than at the North Pole? A The equator has a larger surface area than the North Pole. B The equator is closer to the Sun than the North Pole. C The equator receives more direct sunlight than the North Pole. D The equator has more hours of daylight per year than the North Pole. 4. Which of the following statements BEST explains why the climate is warmer at the equator than at the North Pole? A The equator has a larger surface area than the North Pole. B The equator is closer to the Sun than the North Pole. C The equator receives more direct sunlight than the North Pole. D The equator has more hours of daylight per year than the North Pole. 5. The condition of the atmosphere over a short period of time is called— A B C D climate pressure humidity weather 5. The condition of the atmosphere over a short period of time is called— A B C D climate pressure humidity weather 6. Climate is— A the condition of the atmosphere outside at any given time B the average of all weather conditions in an area over a long period of time. C the continuous movement of water between the air, land, and water. D a measure of how hot or cold the air is. 6. Climate is— A the condition of the atmosphere outside at any given time B the average of all weather conditions in an area over a long period of time. C the continuous movement of water between the air, land, and water. D a measure of how hot or cold the air is. 7. Clouds, rain, air temperature, and wind are all part of the Earth’s— A B C D atmosphere hemisphere weather rotation 7. Clouds, rain, air temperature, and wind are all part of the Earth’s— A B C D atmosphere hemisphere weather rotation 8. What causes seismic waves (tsunami's)? A B C D Earthquakes in the mountains Earthquakes on or under the ocean floor Large amounts of wind from big storms The eruption of a large volcano 8. What causes seismic waves (tsunami's)? A B C D Earthquakes in the mountains Earthquakes on or under the ocean floor Large amounts of wind from big storms The eruption of a large volcano 9. The pull of gravity from the moon and the sun is responsible for making the water level of the oceans rise and fall. This is known as— A B C D tides water depth seismic waves water currents 9. The pull of gravity from the moon and the sun is responsible for making the water level of the oceans rise and fall. This is known as— A B C D tides water depth seismic waves water currents 10. A sudden change in wind direction, air temperature, and cloud cover most likely signals a change in — A B C D climate landforms seasons weather 10. A sudden change in wind direction, air temperature, and cloud cover most likely signals a change in — A B C D climate landforms seasons weather 11. 11. 12. Clouds are formed when— A B C D the air is too dry moist air rises and is cooled the weather is very hot the wind blows too hard 12. Clouds are formed when— A B C D the air is too dry moist air rises and is cooled the weather is very hot the wind blows too hard 13. 13. 14. 14. 15. Above a continent, a warm air mass slowly passes over a cold air mass. As the warm air begins to cool, clouds form. What will MOST LIKELY happen next? A B C D Rain will fall. Hurricanes will form. Lightning will strike. Hail will form. 15. Above a continent, a warm air mass slowly passes over a cold air mass. As the warm air begins to cool, clouds form. What will MOST LIKELY happen next? A B C D Rain will fall. Hurricanes will form. Lightning will strike. Hail will form. 16. The clouds in Earth’s atmosphere are made primarily of which substance? A B C D Oxygen Water Dust Ozone 16. The clouds in Earth’s atmosphere are made primarily of which substance? A B C D Oxygen Water Dust Ozone 17. Which weather event usually includes heavy precipitation, strong winds, and surface air temperatures below 0°C? A B C D Snowstorm Hurricane Thunderstorm Tornado 17. Which weather event usually includes heavy precipitation, strong winds, and surface air temperatures below 0°C? A B C D Snowstorm Hurricane Thunderstorm Tornado 18. Which process must occur for clouds to form? A B C D Erosion Conduction Condensation Precipitation 18. Which process must occur for clouds to form? A B C D Erosion Conduction Condensation Precipitation 19. Windy, cloudy, rainy, and cold are words that help describe— A B C D evaporation deposition matter weather 19. Windy, cloudy, rainy, and cold are words that help describe— A B C D evaporation deposition matter weather 20. Which of the following is NOT caused by weather? A B C D Volcanoes Erosion Hurricanes Flooding 20. Which of the following is NOT caused by weather? A B C D Volcanoes Erosion Hurricanes Flooding 21. 21. 22. During most of the year, the air over Houston, Texas, contains a high amount of moisture. Which of the following BEST explains why there is a high amount of moisture in the air? A B C D Houston is close to the Gulf of Mexico. Houston is at a low elevation. Houston is near many mountains. Houston is not too far from the equator. 22. During most of the year, the air over Houston, Texas, contains a high amount of moisture. Which of the following BEST explains why there is a high amount of moisture in the air? A B C D Houston is close to the Gulf of Mexico. Houston is at a low elevation. Houston is near many mountains. Houston is not too far from the equator. 23. How does the sun affect the winds on the Earth? A B C D It causes evaporation of water. It changes the air temperature. It provides food for green plants. It warms the magma inside the earth. 23. How does the sun affect the winds on the Earth? A B C D It causes evaporation of water. It changes the air temperature. It provides food for green plants. It warms the magma inside the earth. M.S. ?’s 24. A sudden change in temperature can affect current weather conditions in a specific area, whereas changes in average weather conditions over a long period of time result in the area’s – A. precipitation B. climate C. air mass D. global warming M.S. ?’s 24. A sudden change in temperature can affect current weather conditions in a specific area, whereas changes in average weather conditions over a long period of time result in the area’s – A. precipitation B. climate C. air mass D. global warming 25. One vital piece of weather information scientists collect, record, and analyze is the amount of precipitation an area receives over an extended period of time. This information is used to determine long-term climate patterns within specific biomes. The tool most likely used to measure precipitation is a– A. thermometer B. triple beam balance C. rain gauge D. calculator 25. One vital piece of weather information scientists collect, record, and analyze is the amount of precipitation an area receives over an extended period of time. This information is used to determine long-term climate patterns within specific biomes. The tool most likely used to measure precipitation is a– A. thermometer B. triple beam balance C. rain gauge D. calculator 26. Students observe that there are recognizable patterns in the natural world. To better understand this concept, one group observes and records information on their area’s current weather conditions, while another group researches the climate of the region in which they live. Which of the following questions can best be answered from the contributions of both groups’ investigations? A. What conclusions can be made when comparing the climate of two different regions? B. What tools and methods should be used to conduct this investigation? C. What is the difference between climate and weather? D. How valid is the information collected on weather and climate? 26. Students observe that there are recognizable patterns in the natural world. To better understand this concept, one group observes and records information on their area’s current weather conditions, while another group researches the climate of the region in which they live. Which of the following questions can best be answered from the contributions of both groups’ investigations? A. What conclusions can be made when comparing the climate of two different regions? B. What tools and methods should be used to conduct this investigation? C. What is the difference between climate and weather? D. How valid is the information collected on weather and climate? 27. Meteorologists are scientists who study patterns of change in temperature, precipitation, humidity, and air pressure. Time is spent collecting and recording data to analyze long-term patterns as well as to make predictions of future conditions of the local area. Which of the following are meteorologists investigating to determine average patterns such as those mentioned above, over a long period of time? A. climate B. temperature changes C. weather D. hurricanes 27. Meteorologists are scientists who study patterns of change in temperature, precipitation, humidity, and air pressure. Time is spent collecting and recording data to analyze long-term patterns as well as to make predictions of future conditions of the local area. Which of the following are meteorologists investigating to determine average patterns such as those mentioned above, over a long period of time? A. climate B. temperature changes C. weather D. hurricanes 28. A student examined the temperature and precipitation on a given day using a thermometer and a rain gauge. The student is measuring – A. temperature only B. climate only C. wind speed only D. specific weather conditions 28. A student examined the temperature and precipitation on a given day using a thermometer and a rain gauge. The student is measuring – A. temperature only B. climate only C. wind speed only D. specific weather conditions 29. The average monthly rainfall in the Sahara desert is 1 cm and the average monthly temperature is 35ºC. Which statement correctly describes the Sahara Desert? A. The Sahara Desert has a cold, dry climate B. The Sahara Desert has a hot, dry climate C. The Sahara Desert has hot, dry weather every day D. The Sahara Desert has cold, dry weather ever day 29. The average monthly rainfall in the Sahara desert is 1 cm and the average monthly temperature is 35ºC. Which statement correctly describes the Sahara Desert? A. The Sahara Desert has a cold, dry climate B. The Sahara Desert has a hot, dry climate C. The Sahara Desert has hot, dry weather every day D. The Sahara Desert has cold, dry weather ever day 30. Which statement is related to climate? A. The temperature has never dropped below 0ºC in April B. The barometric pressure is high today C. The sky is dark and cloudy D. There is a severe thunderstorm warning for the Dallas area 30. Which statement is related to climate? A. The temperature has never dropped below 0ºC in April B. The barometric pressure is high today C. The sky is dark and cloudy D. There is a severe thunderstorm warning for the Dallas area 31. In an activity, students look at different climatic regions of the U.S. to determine what types of plants will grow in certain regions. One group chooses to look at a region with heavy annual rainfall and an average annual temperature of 18ºC. Which plant could best be grown in that climatic region? A. a plant that needs constant sunlight B. a plant that needs constant sunlight and heat C. a plant that needs partial shade and little watering D. a plant that needs lots of rain and mild air temperatures 31. In an activity, students look at different climatic regions of the U.S. to determine what types of plants will grow in certain regions. One group chooses to look at a region with heavy annual rainfall and an average annual temperature of 18ºC. Which plant could best be grown in that climatic region? A. a plant that needs constant sunlight B. a plant that needs constant sunlight and heat C. a plant that needs partial shade and little watering D. a plant that needs lots of rain and mild air temperatures 32. Which statement below best describes weather? A. Weather is the average temperature of an area over several years B. weather is recorded yearly C. weather changes and is recorded daily D. weather cannot be predicted 32. Which statement below best describes weather? A. Weather is the average temperature of an area over several years B. weather is recorded yearly C. weather changes and is recorded daily D. weather cannot be predicted 33. What is the difference between weather and climate? A. Weather is measured over a period of years and climate changes daily B. Weather changes daily and can be predicted, but climate cannot ever be predicted C. Weather cannot be predicted, but climate is certain D. Weather conditions describe how the air feels outside daily; climate is the average weather of an area measured over several years 33. What is the difference between weather and climate? A. Weather is measured over a period of years and climate changes daily B. Weather changes daily and can be predicted, but climate cannot ever be predicted C. Weather cannot be predicted, but climate is certain D. Weather conditions describe how the air feels outside daily; climate is the average weather of an area measured over several years 34. The process of the water cycle causes water to evaporate from Earth’s lake, condense, and then fall back to Earth as precipitation. Because of this process, water from Lake Ontario and Lake Erie may one day fall back to Earth as rain in Pennsylvania and New York. Rain falling to Earth after a clear, sunny morning is an example of— A. a wind speed B. a climate pattern C. a change in weather D. a warming trend 34. The process of the water cycle causes water to evaporate from Earth’s lake, condense, and then fall back to Earth as precipitation. Because of this process, water from Lake Ontario and Lake Erie may one day fall back to Earth as rain in Pennsylvania and New York. Rain falling to Earth after a clear, sunny morning is an example of— A. a wind speed B. a climate pattern C. a change in weather D. a warming trend 35. Which of the following maps is best for analyzing changes in climatic patterns of diverse ecosystems? A. a map that shows the climate zones for the continental U.S. B. a map that shows the climate zones for different regions around the world C. a map that shows the local weather information of a specific area D. a map that shows the locations of mountains and oceans 35. Which of the following maps is best for analyzing changes in climatic patterns of diverse ecosystems? A. a map that shows the climate zones for the continental U.S. B. a map that shows the climate zones for different regions around the world C. a map that shows the local weather information of a specific area D. a map that shows the locations of mountains and oceans 36. A student made the observation, “The temperature is always hotter during the summer.” What can you conclude from this statement? A. the weather is always the same during the summer B. a hot climate during the summer is experienced where the student lives C. it does not rain during the summer D. weather is recorded several months at a time 36. A student made the observation, “The temperature is always hotter during the summer.” What can you conclude from this statement? A. the weather is always the same during the summer B. a hot climate during the summer is experienced where the student lives C. it does not rain during the summer D. weather is recorded several months at a time Weather March May June November Days with precipitation 13 8 4 10 23 26 20 Days without 18 precipitation 37. Based on the information in the table, which month will most likely have the best weather conditions to plan a picnic at the park? A. March B. May C. June D. November Weather March May June November Days with precipitation 13 8 4 10 23 26 20 Days without 18 precipitation 37. Based on the information in the table, which month will most likely have the best weather conditions to plan a picnic at the park? A. March B. May C. June D. November 38. A group of students cut out the weather map from the newspaper. The weather forecast predicted a cold front would move through he area. Students were asked to mark the map with the appropriate weather symbol. Which symbol below represents a cold front? 38. A group of students cut out the weather map from the newspaper. The weather forecast predicted a cold front would move through he area. Students were asked to mark the map with the appropriate weather symbol. Which symbol below represents a cold front? 39. What does the “L” symbol on a weather map usually associated with? A. fair weather B. good weather with sunny skies C. clear skies D. cloudy with chance of precipitation 39. What does the “L” symbol on a weather map usually associated with? A. fair weather B. good weather with sunny skies C. clear skies D. cloudy with chance of precipitation 40. Observe the weather map above. What type of activity would be most appropriate for people living in the northern part of Oklahoma (the state right above Texas)? A. watch a movie at home B. picnic at the park C. visit to the local zoo D. swim at the lake 40. Observe the weather map above. What type of activity would be most appropriate for people living in the northern part of Oklahoma (the state right above Texas)? A. watch a movie at home (it’s raining!) B. picnic at the park C. visit to the local zoo D. swim at the lake 41. All of the following weather changes can be measured EXCEPT – A. precipitation B. thermometer C. humidity D. air pressure 41. All of the following weather changes can be measured EXCEPT – A. precipitation B. thermometer C. humidity D. air pressure 42. The most influential factors affecting weather change in the atmosphere are— A. clouds and the moon B. air pressure and the sun C. snow and rainfall D. day and night 42. The most influential factors affecting weather change in the atmosphere are— A. clouds and the moon B. air pressure and the sun C. snow and rainfall D. day and night 43. A weather map may display all of the following information EXCEPT – A. precipitation B. low pressure C. weather fronts D. seasonal forecast 43. A weather map may display all of the following information EXCEPT – A. precipitation B. low pressure C. weather fronts D. seasonal forecast 44. Which is used to make forecasts of the weather? A. Weather map B. line graph C. pie chart D. diagram 44. Which is used to make forecasts of the weather? A. Weather map B. line graph C. pie chart D. diagram 45. Which of the following units of measurement is used when recording temperature? A. grams B. centimeters C. Celsius D. meters 45. Which of the following units of measurement is used when recording temperature? A. grams B. centimeters C. Celsius D. meters Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri High Temp 74 69 65 63 58 Low Temp 49 44 38 57 46. Students measured the temperature and recorded the changes over a 5-day period in their science notebooks. Based on the information in the table, what prediction can be made regarding the low temperature on Friday? A. the low temperature will decrease B. the low temperature will increase C. the low temperature wills stay the same D. the low temperature will become warmer Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri High Temp 74 69 65 63 58 Low Temp 49 44 38 57 46. Students measured the temperature and recorded the changes over a 5-day period in their science notebooks. Based on the information in the table, what prediction can be made regarding the low temperature on Friday? A. the low temperature will decrease B. the low temperature will increase C. the low temperature wills stay the same D. the low temperature will become warmer Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri High Temp 74 69 65 63 58 Low Temp 49 44 38 57 47. Based on the information in the table, what hypothesis can be made about the cause of the temperature change? A. the change in temperature was caused by high winds B. the change in temperature was caused by a cold front C. the change in temperature was caused by heavy fog D. the change in temperature was caused by a warm front Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri High Temp 74 69 65 63 58 Low Temp 49 44 38 57 47. Based on the information in the table, what hypothesis can be made about the cause of the temperature change? A. the change in temperature was caused by high winds B. the change in temperature was caused by a cold front C. the change in temperature was caused by heavy fog D. the change in temperature was caused by a warm front Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri High Temp 74 69 65 63 58 Low Temp 49 44 38 57 47. What tool was most likely used to gather the data collected in the table? A. barometer B. anemometer C. thermometer D. rain gauge Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri High Temp 74 69 65 63 58 Low Temp 49 44 38 57 47. What tool was most likely used to gather the data collected in the table? A. barometer B. anemometer C. thermometer D. rain gauge