Water Cycle &
Weather
Chapter 6
L1
Where is Earth’s water?
Earth – The water planet
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People use water to travel
¾ of surface is covered by water
It provides a home & food
3 states of water
• Solid (frozen)
• Liquid (melted)
• Gas (invisible water vapor)
Atlantic & Pacific Oceans
Arctic & Indian
Southern Ocean
97%
• Oceans
• Seas
< 1%
• Lakes
• Rivers
“Water, water, everywhere, Nor any
drop to drink”
Salt Water
Fresh Water
Salt v. Fresh
• Most of the fresh
water is frozen in
the polar ice caps
and glaciers
• You cannot drink
salt water
• It has dissolved
solids in it
– Salt from rocks &
soil
– Rivers carry salt to
the ocean
– We use ocean salt
on food
Water table
Saltiness
MORE
• Warm places where water
evaporates quickly allows
more salt to be quickly left
behind (salt does not
evaporate)
• Red Sea is very salty
because there are deserts
on three sides
• Most of Earth’s water is
salty ocean water
LESS
• Ocean water is less salty
near the North and South
Poles where the water
evaporates less quickly
• Fresh water is found in
glaciers and ice caps but it is
not safe to drink
• Safe fresh water is found
underground or in lakes,
rivers, and streams
L2
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Water Cycle
Water is recycled
No new water is created
Water is cleaned through the water cycle
Water is always moving
– The movement is called the water cycle
Water Cycle
The Water Cycle
• Evaporation – process of changing liquid
water to water vapor when it
is heated
• Condensation – process of water vapor
becoming liquid water
when it cools
• Precipitation any form of water that falls to
Earth
• Storage (collection) – water from precipitation
sinks into soil, or it falls,
flows, or seeps into the ocean
Sun’s Energy = powers the water cycle
Earth’s Atmosphere
• The protective
blanket that
surrounds Earth
• It has mass and takes
up space
• Is a mixture of gases
• The layer closest to us
has water vapor
• Gravity pulls the mass
of air to the surface
Cumulus Clouds
• Thick clouds,
white, & puffy,
like piles of
cotton, they
appear in
fair/good
weather and
may reach high
in the sky
Stratus Clouds
• Flat layers
of clouds,
that form
close to
Earth’s
surface
Cirrus Clouds
• Feathery
clouds that
form high in
the
atmosphere
when water
vapor turns to
tiny crystals of
ice
L4
meteorologists
Ben Tanner, WIS-10
• Study weather
conditions,
they look at
temperature,
water, and air
movement,
data is
collected
automatically
at weather
stations
barometer
• Air pressure
affects
weather
• Air pressure
is measured
by a tool
called a
barometer
anemometer
• Wind affects weather
• Wind speed is measured by a tool called an anemometer
Wind vane
• A wind vane
shows the
direction from
which the wind
is blowing
• The pointer
points into the
wind
Weather maps
• Use symbols to show fronts and weather
conditions in different places