Police and Policing
UNIT 29
SECURITY PROCEDURES
Today’s Lesson
 Assignment Brief: 8th February 2013/Hand In.
 Who are the Police?
 What are the Security Threats to the UK Police?
 What are the Security Procedures in the UK Police?
Assignment
 P1/M1/D1: Identify the Security threats to one UPS.
 P1: Describe the Security Threats.
 M1: Analyse the impact of these threats on the public
service.
 D1: Analyse one threat in particular and go into
detail with it. Why is a major threat and what impact
does it have.
Assignment
 P2/M2:
 P2: Outline the security procedures and the roles and
responsibilities of Security workers in two UPS.
 M2: Explain these procedures analysing the positives
and negatives and comparing them together.
HAPPY???
Security Threats to the Police
P1/M1/D1
 Police Corruption
 Drugs
 Organised Crime
 Gun Crime/Knife Crime
Police Corruption
 Police Corruption has definitely changed in the UK
police in the last 40 years.
 1970’s the British Police had major problems with
corruption and there was alleged cases of brutal
interrogations and miscarriages of justice.
Types of Corruption
 Newburn 1999 shows that police corruption comes in
many different types.
 Corruption of Authority: This is where officers
receive money or gifts for information.
 ‘The Fix’: This is when officers undermine a
investigation by destroying information.
 Direct Criminals Activities: When a officer commits
an offence and is protected by colleagues.
 MAKE A TABLE!!
Police Corruption
The Phone Hacking Scandal
 Ian Tomlinson: G20 Protests
 Steven Lawrence: Alleged police corruption and racism was the reason why the
Lawrence family did not receive justice.
 “Institutionally Racist”.
Organised Crime/Mind Map
 Organised Crime has changed in the last 40 years.
The Kray Twins
(Local)
Group
Activity: Write
down what
you think
would be hard
or easy about
policing the
Krays.
Transnational Organised Crime
Gun Crime and Knife Crime
 Another major threat to the police is the use of
knives and firearms within crime. As a result police
are increasingly more likely to be a victim of either of
these.
 Gun crime in the UK is low, with firearms only
present in 10% of all murders committed in the UK.
 “Sharp Instruments” are the biggest risk to UK police
and 40% of all violent crime involves wounding.
Sharp Instruments
Gun Crime
 Gun crime is extremely low with only 0.2% of all UK
recorded crime and most of those weapons used
were shown as air guns.
 What is interesting is that a large majority of all gun
crime is committed in three areas:
 London/Manchester and Birmingham.
 Only 2.5% of the population are registered in the UK
which is the lowest in Europe, however the illegal
weapons market is growing.
Armed Response Units
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T5LfYLf41J4
 CO19: Armed Units in London
 Reaction Tests
Spot the Gun!!
Drugs
 Drugs are a major threat to the UK police as they lead to
crime and social problems.
 Class A: Cocaine/Heroin
 Class B: Ecstasy/ LSD
 Class C: Cannabis
 50% of 16-24year olds claim to have used it at some
stage.
 65% of Crime in the UK has some link with drugs.
Newburn 2007.
Drugs
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6FQllZYvKUs
 Group Work>
What can we do about drugs? How do we police drugs
and should they be legalised?
Security Procedures in the Police
 Stop and Search
 Arrest and PACE (Police and Criminal Evidence Act)
 CCTV
 Forensics and Profiling
Stop and Search
 Stop and Search was created during the late 1970’s
and 1980’s.
 It was initially created to give the police greater
powers of control but led to accusations of racial
profiling and contributed to the Brixton Riots 1981.
Stop and Search
 Stop and Search can be carried out only with
“reasonable suspicion of crime or criminal activity”.
PACE 1984
PACE: Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984
Due to many cases of police corruption and
miscarriages of justice during the 1960’s and 70’s,
the government introduced PACE, which was
legislation which protected the rights of a suspect.
Guildford Four and the IRA bombings 1974.
Torture and false confessions.
Enhanced Interrogation techniques
 These are methods used by police and security
services to get you to admit to a persons involvement
in a crime.
 Want a little idea of what its like?
Lights, Torch, stress positions and white noise.
Stop and Search
 Stop and Search lets try it:
 Explain why you are searching me: Section 5 of the
Road Traffic Act, no road tax.
 Search the person and the vehicle.
 Provide documentation to the suspect of what they
have done.
 Problems??
PACE 1984
 What security does PACE provide:
 Sets a time limit that a person can be held by the police
before being charged. This is 36 hours or sometimes 60
hours.
 Suspects should receive medical attention if required.
 Suspects should receive food and water.
 If at risk of suicide, suspects should be watched and
cared for.
PACE 1984
 Further to this: Police officers should inform suspects of
their rights both verbally and via written notifications.
 A suspect can:
-Consult a lawyer privately.
-Telephone call
-Receive Visits
-Taped Interviews
-CCTV to gather evidence.
PACE and CCTV
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7iRLNWeTQ8s
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VSzf8WBIHfs
 What do we think? Write down the info about these
case studies and a argument in favour of the police
and against them.
Sum Up
 What is Pace?
 What year was it created?
 Tell me some rights of a suspect?
Forensics
Forensics
 Forensics is the use of science to solve crime.
-Photography: Crime scene is photographed.
-Fingerprinting: Fingerprints are taken and
compared.
-DNA Testing: DNA is found in salvia, blood, hair,
nasal secretions and semen.
-Forensic Profiling: Understanding the mind of the
killer or offender.
DNA
 DNA can be found via:
Our time to shine.
 We will now do some practical exercises to give you a
little insight into Forensics.
 Fingerprinting
 DNA Swabbing
 Photography and a crime scene.
Forensic Profiling
 This is used in Police work a little bit and it is when
psychologists try to understand the mind of a killer and
why people do what they do.
-Childhood
-Parents
-Nature or Nurture
-Teenage years
-Socially Isolated
-History of Abuse
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qm1S_n0V5kk
Let’s profile
 In groups you will be given a serial killer, I want you
to pick out the key factors that you feel may have
turned him into a serial killer.