Chapter 2
Population
Family Size
How
many children (if any) do you
want to have?
How many siblings do you have?
How many do your parents have?
Any
trends???
Explanations???
Key Issues
 1)
Where is the world’s population
distributed?
 2)Where has the world’s population
increased?
 3) Why is population increasing at
different rates in different countries?
 4) Why might the world face an
overpopulation problem?
Case Study: Population
Growth in India p.46
 Why
does the Indian gov’t hope that
women will have LESS babies than their
mothers?
 Write 2 more questions about the reading
on your post-it note (at least one should
be able to be answered from the
readign)
Demography
 The

study of population characteristics
Age, gender, occupation, fertility, health,
etc
 Describe
the demographics of Kennedy
High School

Why do administrators & teachers study the
demographics?
Key Issue 1
Where is the world’s
population distributed?
 Make
a prediction
 What areas of the world are most
populated? The least?
 The
location of Earth’s _____billion
people forms regular distributions
 Click
Here for Current Population
Population Concentrations
2/3
of world’s population is in 4 regions
 East
Asia
 South Asia
 Southeast Asia
 Western Europe
Population Cartogram
Activity
 Label
the most populated regions on your
map
 Use colored pencils to shade in each
region as we talk about it
 Use the front & back of your map for notetaking
4 most populous regions
E Asia, SE Asia, S Asia, W Europe
Similarities:
Most
live near ocean or a river with
access to ocean
Low-lying areas, fertile soil, temperate
climate
Most in Northern Hemisphere (SE Asia
exception)
 WORLD POPULATION
 2/3
live within 300miles of ocean (6hrs drive)
4/5
live within 500 miles of ocean
East Asia:
1/5 of world’s population
 Label
& Color
 Eastern China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan
 China: world’s most populous country, 3rd
largest in area
 Population
clustered near Ocean and river
valleys (Huang & Yangtze)
 2/3 of population in rural areas, farmers
 Japan,
¾
South Korea
of population live in urban areas
South Asia:
1/5 of world’s population
Label
& Color
India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka
India: 2nd most populous country
Heavily populated near Indus and
Ganges Rivers and on India’s
coastlines (Bay of Bengal & Arabian
Sea)
Most in rural areas, farming
South East Asia: 4th largest
population
Half
billion people
Islands between Indian and Pacific
oceans
 Indonesia:
4th most populous country
(Java: largest population), Sumatra, &
Philippines
 Large population of farmers
Europe:
3rd largest population cluster
 Four
dozen countries
 Monaco
¾
1sq km (.7miles), to Russia (largest country)
of population live in cities, less than 20%
farmers
 Concentrations near industry: England,
Germany, Belgium
 Can’t produce enough food for inhabitants
 Import foods, led to exploration/colonization
Other Population Clusters
 North
pop)
Eastern United States (2% of
 Urban
 South
 West
dwellers, less than 5% farmers
Eastern Canada
Africa
 Nigeria
 Most
work in agriculture
Sparsely Populated
 People
avoid living in extreme areas
(elevation, climate, precipation, etc)
 Ecumene: portion of Earth’s surface
occupied by permanent settlement
 Increased
over thousands of years (Why?)
 ¾ of population live on 5% of Earth’s surface
 Oceans make up about 71% of Earth
Ecumene
Sparsely Populated Regions
 Dry
Lands: 20% of Earth too dry for farming
ex: Sahara
 Wet lands: near Equator of South America,
Central Africa & SE Asia. Rain & heat deplete
nutrients in soil
 Cold Lands: North & South poles: permafrost
 High Lands: mountains are steep & snow
covered. Ex: Switzerland half of land occupied
by only 5% bc of elevation
 Exceptions occur to escape temps & precip
(Mexico City 7,360ft)
Population Density
 Number
land



of people occupying an area of
Arithmetic Density
Physiological Density
Agricultural Density
Arithmetic Density
 Most
common (population density)
 Total number of people divided by total
land area

United States 300 million, 3.7million sq miles
 About
 Asia
81 per sq mile
has high arithmetic density
 Canada has low arithmetic density
Physiological Density
 Number
of people per unit area of arable
land
 Egypt is 6682 per sq mile
 US is 445 per sq mile
 Egypt has to support more people off
same amt of land
 Shows relationship of population
compared to availability of resources
Figure 2-5
 Looking
at the Physiological Density of the
world, which of the 4 most populous
regions of the world has the highest
numbers? What does that mean?
 How does the United States compare?
Agricultural Density



Ratio of number of farmers to amount of
arable land
Why does US have low agricultural density (1
farmer/sq km) compared to Egypt (826
farmers/sq km)?
MDCs have more technology (more efficient)


Fewer people needed to farm
Allows remaining population to work elsewhere
Key Issue 1 Summary
Where is the world’s
population distributed?
 Summary:
Global population is
concentrated in a few places. Human
beings tend to avoid those parts of Earth’s
surface that they consider to be too wet,
too dry, too cold or too mountainous. The
capacity of Earth to support a much
larger population depends heavily on
people’s ability to use sparsely settled
lands more effectively.
Review
 Where
is the world’s 4th largest
concentration of people?
 What is physiological density?
 How can you describe a country with a
lot of arable land a small amount of
farmers?
 What types of regions do people avoid?

What area is an exception?
Review
 How
would you describe a country with a
physiological density larger than it’s
arithmetic density?
 What are the four types of land that lie
outside of the ecumene