LTE / HSPA / EPC knowledge nuggets
3GPP Service Data Flows
3GPP Service Data Flows
LTE / HSPA / EPC
‘knowledge nuggets’
Neil Wiffen - nwiffen@red-banana.org
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LTE / HSPA / EPC knowledge nuggets
3GPP Service Data Flows
Service Data Flow (SDF)
• EPS provides IP connectivity between a UE and a PDN
– PDN Connectivity Service
– Supports the transport of one or more Service Data Flows (SDFs)
• SDF
– An aggregate set of packet flows that matches an SDF Template
• SDF Template
– The set of SDF filters in a PCC rule
• SDF Filter
– A set of packet flow header parameter values/ranges
– Used to identify one or more of the packet flows constituting an SDF
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LTE / HSPA / EPC knowledge nuggets
3GPP Service Data Flows
Service Data Flow (SDF) Filter
• Filter based on packet header characteristics
– IP header only
•
•
•
•
•
Source / destination IP address
Protocol ID
Type Of Service (TOS) / Traffic Class / Flow Label
IPSec Security Parameter Index (SPI)
Individual values or ranges
– IP + Transport Layer header
• Source / destination port numbers
• Individual values or ranges
– IP + Transport Layer + Application Layer
• E.g. application version information / state information
• May be used to support filtering with respect to a service data flow based
on the transport and application protocols used above IP
• These filters must be pre-configured in the PCEF
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LTE / HSPA / EPC knowledge nuggets
3GPP Service Data Flows
SDF filters
PGW
Incoming
Packet
Flow
PCEF
Outgoing Packets
for SDF 1
Filters for
SDF 1
A
A
A
C
B
B
A
B
Filter for
SDF 2
C
C
Packet Headers
match filter A,B
or C
Filter evaluation
(e.g. pattern-matching)
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Rule processing
(gating / credit control /
authorization etc.)
4
QoS
Control
Outgoing Packets
for SDF 2
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LTE / HSPA / EPC knowledge nuggets
3GPP Service Data Flows
QoS Concepts in the EPS
EPS
EUTRAN
EPC
S-GW
P-GW
ENb
One or more SDFs
(PCC controlled)
PDN Connectivity
Service
One or more EPS bearers
(NAS/EPC controlled)
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External
PDN
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LTE / HSPA / EPC knowledge nuggets
3GPP Service Data Flows
Bearer QoS Parameters for Scheduling
• QoS Class Identifier
• Class of service per bearer
•
•
•
•
Guaranteed Bit Rate
Maximum Bit Rate
Allocation and Retention Policy
Aggregate Maximum Bit Rates
• UE-AMBR - limited by a subscription parameter in HSS
• APN-AMBR - limited by a subscription parameter per APN in HSS
• HSS defines the 'EPS subscribed QoS profile'
• Contains bearer level QoS parameter values for the default bearer
• Defined for each PDN subscription context
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LTE / HSPA / EPC knowledge nuggets
3GPP Service Data Flows
QCI Characteristics
Priority
Packet Delay
Budget
Packet Error
Loss Rate
Example Services
1
2
100 ms
10-2
Conversational Voice
2
4
150 ms
10-3
Conversational Video (Live Streaming)
3
50 ms
10-3
Real Time Gaming
4
5
300 ms
10-6
Non-Conversational Video (Buffered
Streaming)
5
1
100 ms
10-6
IMS Signalling
QCI
3
Resource
Type
GBR
6
7
8
9
6
Non-GBR
7
Video (Buffered Streaming)
TCP-based (e.g., www, e-mail, chat, ftp,
p2p file sharing, progressive video, etc.)
300 ms
10-6
100 ms
10-3
Voice,
Video (Live Streaming)
Interactive Gaming
300 ms
10-6
Video (Buffered Streaming)
TCP-based (e.g., www, e-mail, chat, ftp,
p2p file sharing, progressive video, etc.)
8
9
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LTE / HSPA / EPC knowledge nuggets
3GPP Service Data Flows
Default Bearer for IMS Signalling
• QCI = 5
• P-CSCF details
– Provided as Protocol Options from PGW / MME
– Or P-CSCF ‘discoverable’ in PDN
• PGW configured for routing to IMS platform
• PCC rules support SIP/IMS signalling
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LTE / HSPA / EPC knowledge nuggets
3GPP Service Data Flows
EPS Bearers and QoS
• QoS is controlled at the EPS bearer level
• All traffic mapped to the same EPS bearer receive the same bearer level
packet forwarding treatment
• Providing different bearer level packet forwarding treatment requires
separate EPS bearers
• One EPS bearer is established when the UE connects to a PDN
• Remains established throughout the lifetime of the PDN connection
• Provides always-on IP connectivity to that PDN
• Default bearer
• Additional EPS bearers can be established to same PDN connection
• Dedicated bearers
• Distinction between default and dedicated is transparent to the SGW
and ENB
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LTE / HSPA / EPC knowledge nuggets
3GPP Service Data Flows
QoS and TFT
EPS Bearer with defined QoS
UL Traffic Flow
Aggregates
DL Traffic Flow
Aggregates
UL QoS
managed by
ENB ‘router’
UL / DL QoS
managed by
ENB scheduler
SGW
UL TFT
PGW
DL TFT
UL TFT  RB ID
RB ID  S1 TEID
RB ID  S1 TEID
Packet Filters applied to each
uplink IP-datagram
(QoS control)
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S1 TEID  S5/S8 TEID
S1 TEID  S5/S8 TEID
DL QoS
managed by
SGW ‘router’
10
S5/S8 TEID  DL TFT
Packet Filters applied to each
downlink IP-datagram
(QoS control)
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LTE / HSPA / EPC knowledge nuggets
3GPP Service Data Flows
Backup slides
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LTE / HSPA / EPC knowledge nuggets
3GPP Service Data Flows
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